@article { author = {El Sayed, Manal and Fouad, Walid and Saber, Hany}, title = {Evaluation of clinical performance and success of Fuji II and Fuji IX in restoring occlusal caries of primary molars over a one year follow up: A Randomized Clinical Trial}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {65}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {1955-1965}, year = {2019}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2015.71694}, abstract = {Introduction: Dental practitioners frequently face a notable challenge in selecting an ideal restorative material. Glass ionomer cement (GIC) has been a frequently used material as a substitute to amalgam in restoring primary dentition. Aim of the study: To clinically evaluate GC Fuji II LC (Light-Cured, Resin-Reinforced Glass Ionomer Restorative) and GC Fuji IX GP EXTRA (Packable Glass Ionomer) when used to restore occlusal caries in lower second primary molars. Materials and Methods: Seventy-six molars in 38 children were included in this study. Inclusion criteria included patients; (1) Free from any medical conditions. (2) Aged 5-7 years old. (3) Reported with bilateral restorable decayed second primary molars with simple occlusal decay. (4) Clinically; no signs of irreversible pulpitis. Split-mouth technique was used and a single operator performed all restorations. Examined restorative materials were randomly allocated to either side of the mouth. Cavities were prepared in the utmost conservative manner. Both Fuji II and Fuji IX were prepared according to manufacturers’ instructions. Clinical assessment was performed after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months according to United States Public Health Services (USPHS) evaluation criteria and rating system. Statistical Analyses included Wilcoxon signed-rank test as well as Friedman’s test followed by Dunn’s test. Results: Among the treated 38 subjects; there were18 boys (47.4%) and 20 girls (52.6%). Mean ± standard deviation values for age were 5.7 ± 0.8 years old with a minimum of 5 and a maximum of 7 years old. After 12 months, a statistically significant difference was noted between marginal adaptation, anatomic form, secondary caries and marginal discoloration scores in the two materials. Conclusions: Fuji II and Fuji IX showed comparable marginal adaptation. Fuji II restorations showed better results regarding anatomic form, secondary caries and marginal discoloration when compared to Fuji IX.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_71694.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_71694_3d4fa58cb4b59af36ac0fb0c3e26b035.pdf} } @article { author = {Shamaa, Marwa and Ghorab, Sayed}, title = {Effect of thermocycling on surface roughness and springback properties of different orthodontic arch wires: An in vitro comparative study}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {65}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {1967-1976}, year = {2019}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2015.71704}, abstract = {Objective: Comparative evaluation of surface roughness and springback properties of stainless steel (SS), nickel-titanium (NiTi), copper nickel-titanium (CuNiTi) and Teflon-coated NiTi orthodontic archwires before and after thermocycling.Materials and Methods: A total number of 360 specimens were utilized in this study. For each type of wire, specimens were divided into three groups as follow; Group 1 (control): as-received archwires, Groups 2 and 3: specimens were subjected to thermocycling (500 cycles and 1000 cycles, respectively). Surface roughness (Ra) was determined by using a profilometer. Flexural modulus of elasticity (E) and yield strength (YS) of the wires were measured using a three-point bending test in a universal testing machine. The springback ratio (YS/E) was calculated for each wire. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests (α=.05).Results: For all types of wire, the highest surface roughness was noted with 1000 cycles, followed by 500 cycles and the lowest surface roughness was detected in control group. No significant difference in surface roughness between control and 500 TC group was detected for all types of wire. After thermocycling, the highest surface roughness was noted in Teflon coated NiTi, followed by CuNiTi and NiTi and the lowest values was detected in SS. There was a significant difference in the springback ratio after thermocycling regimens for SS, NiTi and Teflon coated NiTi only (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The thermocycling process can induce changes in surface roughness and springback properties of orthodontic archwires. Stainless steel archwire displayed the least amount of surface roughness after thermocycling and we recommend its utilization in sliding mechanics to reduce friction during orthodontic tooth movement. In spite of higher surface roughness of NiTi-based archwires, the properties of higher springback and wide range of action make them appropriate choices for the clinicians during various stages of orthodontic treatment.}, keywords = {thermocycling,Surface roughness,springback properties,orthodontic archwires}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_71704.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_71704_73c66510f6f2fda6963ce74d3a9992e7.pdf} } @article { author = {Amin, Riham and Awad, Samah and Abd El Sattar, Essam}, title = {Evaluation of Remineralization of Grape Seed Extract versus Sodium Fluoride on demineralized Primary Anterior Teeth: An In-vitro study}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {65}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {1977-1984}, year = {2019}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2015.71714}, abstract = {Background and aims: Enhancing remineralization is the main goal of clinical prevention of caries lesion. The present in vitro study aimed to assess the remineralizing effect of grape seed extract (GSE) versus sodium fluoride on demineralized primary anterior teeth. Materials and Methods: An in vitro study was carried out on 56 human sound primary anterior teeth (incisors and canines). Teeth fragments were divided into two groups according to the following treatments: GSE (Grape seed extract) represented the case group; NaF (Sodium fluoride 1000 ppm) represented the control group. Teeth were subjected to six daily pH cycles for eight days. Within the daily cycling, the specimens were kept in buffered solution at 37°C. The samples were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope and a micro-hardness tester. Results: Data were analyzed. using Student’s t-test (p <0.001). The mean surface micro-hardness for GSE group was 40 (VHN) and for NaF group was 59.2 (VHN). Grape seed extract showed statistically significantly lower mean micro-hardness than Sodium Fluoride. Regarding enamel remineralization, the SEM data of the GSE treated group had revealed deposits of spherical insoluble complexes precipitation on the remineralized surface. Conclusion: Based on the data obtained in this in vitro study, it is suggested that grape seed extract promote remineralization of artificial dentin carious lesions in but in a lower scale when compared to sodium fluoride. GSE enhanced the remineralization process of artificial enamel lesions of primary teeth, and thus, might be considered an effective natural agent in treatment of early enamel carious lesions.}, keywords = {primary teeth,Enamel remineralization,Grape seed extract,Proanthocyanidin,Sodium fluoride,demineralization,Dentin}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_71714.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_71714_3a921e847b57819282e5007725a5009d.pdf} } @article { author = {Ramadan, Rasha and Attia, Nasr}, title = {OCCUPATIONAL STRESS AMONG DENTAL STAFF IN MANSOURA UNIVERSITY, EGYPT}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {65}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {1985-1994}, year = {2019}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2015.71717}, abstract = {Objectives: To identify the probable sources, different symptoms and methods of coping occupational stresses among dental staff.Materials and methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University. Data was collected using a self-administered close-ended questionnaire. The questionnaire basically consists of main four parts to assess demographic data, factors causing stress, stress symptoms, and methods of coping. The scientific reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by three experts in the field. A pilot study was conducted on 20 participants to measure its internal consistency.Results: The response rate was high (83,3%) . The most significant stress factor was the increased student number (78%, P=0.00) followed by publishing difficulty (73%, P=0.00).The main stress symptoms among the dental staffs were overtiring, anxiety, headache and elevated blood pressure and GIT manifestations. There was no statistically significant difference between male and female regarding to all stress symptoms. The most significant method of coping was praying (71%, P=0.00) followed by patience (67%). The least significance one was no response (3%).Conclusion: Dental staff experienced many stress symptoms especially overtiring, anxiety, headache, elevated blood pressure. The main stressors were increased the student number. The most significant method of coping was praying.}, keywords = {Occupational stress,dental staff,stressors,stress manifestations}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_71717.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_71717_72aa6028f5bd8f5cb674e4eb85f02628.pdf} } @article { author = {El Makaky, Yasser and Beltagy, Talat and El Makakey, Ayman}, title = {The Effects of an Anti-inflammatory Diet on Gingival Health in Children (Randomized controlled trial)}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {65}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {1995-2002}, year = {2019}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2015.71724}, abstract = {Background: Several studies observed that only under western diet condition, there was a link between improper plaque control measures and gingival inflammation. Therefore, the aim of this clinical trial was to study the effects of an anti-inflammatory diet on the clinical and serological parameters in children with gingivitis.Subjects and methods: Forty children were randomly allocated to test and a control group. The participants within a test group were instructed to change their usual diet to anti-inflammatory diet that is rich in vitamin C, antioxidants, omega-3 fatty acids, plant nitrates, vitamin D, fibers and contain a low amount of processed carbohydrates for 4 weeks. While patients within the control group followed their usual dietary habit until the termination of the study. Gingival index and Plaque index were recorded at baseline and after 4 weeks for all children in both groups. Salivary samples were taken at baseline and after 4weeks for quantification assessment of serological parameters for all participants.Results: While, all patients in both groups showed an increase in the mean values of plaque index. Children within the test group showed a significant decrease in the mean values of Interleukin-6 (IL-6), gingival index, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) from baseline to the end. This reduction was statistically significant when compared to a control group.Conclusion: Anti-inflammatory diet can significantly reduce serological parameters and gingival inflammation in children.}, keywords = {Anti-inflammatory diet,Interleukin-6,gingivitis,Tumor Necrosis Factor-α}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_71724.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_71724_6dac72b7b2dbca82cea80d1eadf2f50a.pdf} } @article { author = {Aboubakr, Rabaa and Ramadan, Rasha}, title = {Knowledge and practice of Caregivers about Prevention of Early Childhood Caries}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {65}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {2003-2016}, year = {2019}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2015.71727}, abstract = {Aim: This study was conducted to assess level of knowledge and practice of caregivers regarding prevention of early childhood caries in preschool children. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among caregivers of preschool children. A consecutive sampling technique was used to recruit 399 caregivers based on sample size calculation. Data was collected based on clinical examination and previously validated questionnaires. Dental caries experiences were calculated by dmft index using WHO criteria for dental caries diagnosis. Statistical analysis: Data was statistically analyzed using the Statistical Package of Social Science Software program, version 23. Data presented using frequency and percentage for qualitative variables. Comparison between groups had been performed using Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test for qualitative variables. P- Values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results: This study highlights that caregivers who have good knowledge about oral health are mothers, high level of education, high family income, caregivers of child with dmft < 7. Additionally, family with high income, caregivers of children aged < 4 years and caregivers of the children with dmft < 7 and caregivers with sufficient knowledge each has higher practice regarding children oral healthConclusion: the majority of caregivers (64.4 %.) had sufficient knowledge related to prevention of ECC. In spite of that most of them (63.2% ) were having low skills to prevent ECC . So, oral health education programs should be targeted to caregivers especially the lower socio-economic groups to motivate them to take care of their child oral health and improve their practice..}, keywords = {Knowledge,Practice,early childhood caries,caregivers,Egypt}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_71727.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_71727_e6f0c87478c24761a2443a51ac264473.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdelnaby, Yasser and Nassar, Essam}, title = {Influence of fluoride releasing light cured resin coat on enamel mineralization and survival of metallic brackets in orthodontic patients: A 12-months}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {65}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {2017-2025}, year = {2019}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2015.71731}, abstract = {Aim: To evaluate the effect of a fluoride releasing light cured resin coat on the mineralization and survival rate of orthodontic brackets. Methods: Metal brackets (n=360) were bonded to the teeth mesial to the first molars in 20 patients. A split-mouth design was used to randomly allocate diagonally opposite quadrants and Ortho-Choice Ortho-Coat was applied to half of the teeth after bonding. The bracket bond survival rate was assessed afterwards for a period of 12 months. Enamel mineralization was evaluated using Laser fluorescence (DIAGNOdent). Results: Ortho-Coat significantly reduced enamel demineralization. No significant difference was found in bracket bond survival rates, with and without application of Ortho-Coat. The highest survival rates were recorded on incisors (96.2% with coat and 94.6% without a coat). The lowest survival rates were recorded on premolars (91.7% with coat and 88.3% without a coat). Clinical Significance: Ortho-Coat effectively prevents enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets over a 12-month period, but it has no pronounced effects on enhancing the bracket bond survival rate.}, keywords = {Enamel decalcification,Bracket survival rate,Fluoride coat}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_71731.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_71731_4ebeb6b453a5a50b6da153fad602d46d.pdf} } @article { author = {ElAbbasy, Dina}, title = {Effects of orthopedic skeletal Class III correction in growing subjects using skeletal anchorage and Class III elastics}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {65}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {2027-2039}, year = {2019}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2015.71732}, abstract = {Aim of the study: The objective of this study was to evaluate the skeletal and dental effects of intermaxillary Class III elastics using bone anchored miniplates compared to an untreated Class III control group.Subjects and methods: 24 subjects (14 females and 10 males) having skeletal Class III malocclusion with maxillary deficiency with an age range of 8-11 years old were divided into two groups 12 patients each (n=12). Group A constituted treatment with Class III elastics anchored to 4 titanium miniplates, 2 anchored in the zygomatic buttress of the maxilla and 2 miniplates anchored in the symphyseal region of the mandible at the lateral/canine region. Group B (n=12) constituted untreated skeletal Class III cases (control group). The treatment and observation periods for both groups were 8 months. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken for the patients at start of treatment (T1) and at the end of the treatment/observation periods (T2). The radiographs were analyzed by performing lateral cephalometric analysis. Independent student t test was done to compare variables between the two groups.Results: There was correction of the skeletal Class III in the miniplates group with statistically significant increase in angle SNA (mean 3.50° ± 0.68), A-Nperp (mean 4.04mm ± 1.20), ANB (mean 4.06◦±0.95) and Witts appraisal (mean 4.91mm ± 1.76) .Slight mandibular retrusion occurred with a reduction in angle SNB (mean -0.56◦ ±0.57). Changes in B-Nperp were (-1.85mm±1.36).Overjet correction was obtained and no significant changes in the maxillary incisor angulation was observed. There was proclination of mandibular incisors by (mean 6.43◦±2.11).Conclusions: The use of intermaxillary Class III elastics and miniplates in the orthopedic treatment of skeletal Class III is a successful technique with more skeletal than dental effects.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_71732.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_71732_3554f18a1e6c056a91190043c816a68b.pdf} } @article { author = {ElAbbasy, Dina}, title = {Cephalometric evaluation of airway changes following TwinBlock therapy in Class II growing individuals}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {65}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {2041-2052}, year = {2019}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2015.71735}, abstract = {Objective: To evaluate changes in pharyngeal airway dimensions after treatment of Skeletal Class II with mandibular retrognathia using Twinblock functional appliance compared to Skeletal Class II untreated subjects.Materials and Methods: 24 skeletal Class II patients with an age range 9-12 years old were selected from the outpatient clinic of the Department of Orthodontics, Cairo University. The patients were divided into two groups: a control group of untreated individuals (Group 1-Control, n=12) and a functional appliance group (Group 2-TwinBlock, n=12). Digital lateral cephalograms were made at the beginning (T1) and at the end of the observational period (T2) for Group 1 and at the end of the twinblock active treatment period for Group 2. Treatment duration in both groups was 7.5 months. Angular and linear lateral cephalometric measurements were done to identify skeletal relationship (SNA, SNB, ANB and Witts appraisal) as well as the widths of the upper and lower pharyngeal airways at T1 and T2 (Nasopharynx, oropharynx and hypopharynx). The data was evaluated and compared using Paired t-test and Independent sample t-test. Results: The mean ages for Groups 1 and 2 were 10.53 ± 1.32 and 10.89 ± 1.17 years respectively. At T1, there were no statistically significant differences between the skeletal measurements and pharyngeal airway dimensions between the two study groups (p >0.05). However, at T2, statistically significant differences were observed between Groups 1 and 2 (p 0.05).Conclusions: Twinblock is effective in increasing the sagittal dimensions of the pharyngeal airway. Hence, this appliance can be useful in improving the respiratory function of growing individuals with reduced airway size due to mandibular deficiency.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_71735.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_71735_de23ddeba4a1e05f48485139031422b1.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdelgawad, Fatma and Wassef, Nada and Salama, Ahmed}, title = {Effect of acid neutralizer toothpaste on salivary pH in a group of Egyptian children: A randomized controlled pilot study}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {65}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {2053-2057}, year = {2019}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2015.71737}, abstract = {Aim or purpose: Dental caries is a preventable disease that affects the quality of life and overall health. Cariogenic carbohydrates are the main cause. Proper toothbrushing with toothpaste helps in caries prevention. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of acid neutralizer toothpaste and regular toothpaste on salivary pH in a group of Egyptian children.Materials and methods: Twenty children with mixed dentition were randomly allocated either to the control or test group. Saliva samples were collected from each child for baseline pH measurement using pH meter. Children were instructed to drink 200ml of juice and saliva samples were collected. They brushed their teeth with either Colgate maximum cavity protection with sugar acid neutralizer toothpaste® (test group) or the Colgate total toothpaste® (control group) then saliva samples were collected again. The results were tabulated and statistically analyzed.Results: For both groups, there was a drop in pH levels after drinking juice. The mean pH value dropped from 6.90±0.29 to 6.78±0.43 for the test group and from 7.01±0.38 to 6.88±0.59 for the control group. After brushing, the mean pH values elevated for both groups. The mean pH for the test and control groups was 7.24±0.28 and 7.26±0.30 respectively after brushing. There was a statistically significant difference between the pH levels within each group before and after brushing. However, there was no statistically significant difference between both groups.Conclusion: Toothbrushing after drinking juice results in elevation of the pH level which may be helpful in reducing dental caries.}, keywords = {Toothbrushing,Toothpaste,acid neutralizer,Salivary pH,dental caries}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_71737.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_71737_53e381371f635f1dcc6039251e9d22ff.pdf} }