@article { author = {El Baz, Ghada and El Desouky, Gihan}, title = {Dental and mandibular radio-density variations in children with autism spectrum disorders}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {63}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {2289-2296}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2017.75801}, abstract = {Background: Children with ASDs pose the greatest challenge for pediatric dentists due to their complex and varied oral and dental manifestations. Aim: the present study was designed to compare the degree of dental root development of permanent teeth and the mandibular radio-density of a group of children with ASDs with healthy children. Materials and methods: Thirty children (6-8 years) were included in this study, fifteen of the children had been previously been diagnosed with ASDs (autistic group B) while the other fifteen were healthy children (control group A). Digital panoramic radiographs for all children were obtained for bilateral measurement of the root length and the apical width of the lower permanent first molars and central incisors. In addition, the radio-density of the mandibular bone at the symphysis and the angle regions was evaluated. Results: Group B showed statistically significant shorter mean root length values than the group A for the first permanent molars. While for apical root width; group B showed statistically significant wider mean apical width values than group A for both permanent central incisors and first molars. Regarding the mandibular radio-density, the autistic group showed statistically significant lower mean values than the control group at both, angle of the mandible and the sympheseal areas. Conclusion: Children with ASDs experience significant delayed dental development and lower mandibular bone radio- density compared to normal children.}, keywords = {Autism spectrum disorders-Dental development-mandibular radio-density}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_75801.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_75801_8cbb78ebe61349d18240b90aaa202487.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd-Allah, Mena and Adawy, Heba}, title = {Effect of Demineralized Dentin Matrix Graft alone and Combined with Statin or Propolis on Bone Repair in Rabbits’ Tibia}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {63}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {2297-2304}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2017.75804}, abstract = {Background: Demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) is a biologically active tissue could stimulate new bone tissue formation then resorbed during the bone remodeling process. Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of demineralized human dentin matrix graft alone and when combined with Statin or Propolis on bone repair in rabbits’ tibia. Materials and Methods: Thirty adult male rabbits (weight 2 to 2.5 kg) were used in this study. In each rabbit four holes were created (two in each tibia), one was left empty as control, the second was packed with DDM slices, the third was packed with DDM slices saturated with statin and the fourth was packed with DDM mixed with propolis. The animals were sacrificed at 2, 4 and 6 weeks postoperatively and the bone specimens were processed for histomorphometric analysis and scanning electron microscopic examination. Results: Histomorphometric analysis showed significantly high mean bone area for DDM/Statin group followed by DDM group then DDM/Propolis group then control group. SEM findings were supportive to these results. Conclusions: It was concluded that the DDM was profound and biocompatible material for bone repair. Addition of Statin promotes bone repair process while Propolis retards bone repair especially in early stages.}, keywords = {Bone repair,Demineralized Dentin Matrix,Statin,Propolis}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_75804.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_75804_687169035e2d40cd1b5d1f8aee7e7ca7.pdf} } @article { author = {Elmezwghi, Abdurahman and Elsagali, Abeer and Zariba, Salma and Rih, Intesar and Abuatwirat, Raga}, title = {A rare unilateral widespread multiple forms of oral lichen planus: clinico-histopathologic evaluation and diagnostic considerations: A case Report}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {63}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {2305-2311}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2017.75811}, abstract = {Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic disease of the skin and mucous membrane. Oral lichen planus (OLP), the mucosal counterpart of cutaneous lichen planus that presents with a variety of clinical features, about 25% present with oral lesions alone. Patients may develop white striations, white papules, white plaques, erythema, erosions, or blisters affecting predominantly the posterior buccal mucosa bilaterally. The clinical presentation of OLP ranges from mild painless white keratotic lesions to painful erosions and ulcerations. The diagnosis of OLP was based on history, clinical findings and histopathological features. There is no consensus on a single set of criteria for the diagnosis of OLP. Some investigators use only the clinical criteria, while others use both clinical and histopathologic criteria. Furthermore final diagnosis was confirmed by Immunohistochemical staining (IHC) with CD8 precursor cells. The possibility of this lesion to turn malignant justifies the importance of early definitive diagnosis and long term follow up for patients with such disease. }, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_75811.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_75811_c0b86a3f690e103394b7340b25caf1fa.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Sayed, Walid}, title = {Expression patterns of the Stim1 protein during different stages of mouse tooth development}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {63}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {2313-2319}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2017.76047}, abstract = {Objectives: Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), a calcium sensor protein, was shown to be significantly up-regulated during the maturation stage of amelogenesis. This result highlighted a potentially important role for STIM1 in calcium ion handling during the latter stages of enamel formation. Our work aimed to study in detail the expression patterns of STIM1 during all stages of mouse tooth development.Material and Methods: C57BL mice were used for all the experiments in this study. The embryos were obtained from time mated pregnant mice. Embryonic day 0 (E0) was designated as the day on which a vaginal plug was confirmed. Embryos at E12.5, E14.5, E15.5 and pups at PNO, PN4, PN8 and PN14 were used to describe different developmental stages of incisors (E12.5 – E15.5) and molars (PN0 – PN14).Results: Stim1 signals start to be detectable in the cells of the enamel organ at the beginning of the cap stage. Its expression was similar between the incisor and molar tooth germs. Odontoblasts appeared completely negative, while there was some strong expression in the middle of the dental papilla. Conclusion: In our study, we have shown that Stim1 was most highly expressed in the ameloblasts during the maturation stage. This highly expression of Stim-1 at the maturation stages of enamel development supports the contention that stored operated calcium channels are central to Ca2+ transport/extrusion mechanism during the final phase of enamel crystal growth.}, keywords = {STIM1,Tooth Development,Mineralisation,Calcium ion}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76047.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76047_8c80b5099e4ac757b78391f02f531610.pdf} } @article { author = {Zayed, Shaimaa and Ali, Shereen}, title = {Evaluation of the effect of Garlic on the expression of NF-κB in DMBA-induced oral carcinogenesis in albino rats: An Animal study}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {63}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {2321-2328}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2017.76048}, abstract = {Background: Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a key player in the process of carcinogenesis via regulating various steps, thus it is an attractive target for cancer therapy. Many medicinal plants and nutraceuticals can modulate NF-κB signaling pathway. The aim of this study is to investigate the chemopreventive and immunomodulatory effect of garlic in 7, 12 Dimethylbenz [a] anthracene (DMBA) induced oral carcinogenesis by assessing the expression of NF-κB.Material and methods: DMBA was used to induce oral cancer in 75 male albino rats. The animals were randomized into five groups (1 control and 4 experimental groups). The control group received no DMBA nor garlic extract, the other groups received either DMBA, garlic extract alone or both of them. Results: NF-κB immunoexpression revealed the highest values in group (2) and group (5) showing a highly significant difference.Conclusion: The aqueous garlic extract could prevent oral cancer through inhibition of NF-κB activation, where its effect is more pronounced in the initiation phase than the promotion and progression phases.}, keywords = {oral carcinogenesis,Garlic,Nuclear Factor-kappa B}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76048.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76048_e8b712b1fdd84f5e1f51a8908015365c.pdf} } @article { author = {Nabil, Ahmed and El Deeb, Mona}, title = {Histopathological and Ultrastructural evaluation of the Effect of Electronic Cigarette Smoke on the Submandibular Gland of Albino Rats}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {63}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {2329-2339}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2017.76049}, abstract = {Introduction: E-cigarettes (E-cigs) have received a considerable attention within the last years and are among the newest products for reduction of tobacco injury. Recently, it has been postulated that they are not considered a safe substitute for smoking and may have a limited degree of effectiveness in arresting smoking. Aim: The aim of this study was to detect the histopathological and ultrastructural changes of tissue architecture of the submandibular glands in rats after passive E-cig exposure.Methods: 12 adult male albino rats were divided into three groups (four rats each). Group I (Control group): Rats were exposed to fresh air. Group II (E-cigarette 4 weeks): Each rat was exposed to passive E-cig smoke for duration of one hour daily. The exposure time was divided into 6 equal intervals of 10 mins /hr, 7 days a week for four successive weeks. Group III (E-cigarette 12 weeks): Rats of this group were exposed to the same dose and manner of treatment of E-cig smoke as in group II for 12 weeks duration. Animals were sacrificed following each treatment period and specimens were prepared for histological examination and transmission electron microscopic study.Results: H & E results revealed signs of atrophy and degeneration within the parenchymal elements together with dilatation and congestion of blood vessels with interstitial hemorrhage in 4 weeks E-cig exposed rats. More deleterious changes with marked distortion of the gland’s architecture were detected in 12 weeks E-cig exposed group. These data were supported by the electron microscopic results which reflected degenerative changes in cytoplasmic organelles. Conclusion: E-cig is not safe and its use to replace cigarette smoking cannot be recommended.}, keywords = {E-cigarettes,submandibular gland}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76049.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76049_48087d7c9241fc988074d1a733f835ba.pdf} } @article { author = {Farid, Farid and Borhan, Ghada}, title = {An in vitro comparison of linear measurements of panoramic views acquired via 2D or 3D imaging}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {63}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {2341-2349}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2017.76050}, abstract = {Introduction: Panoramic radiography and CBCT are common imaging techniques in general dental practice. Some clinicians still refer patients for additional conventional digital panoramic radiographs despite the fact that CBCT data has already been acquired. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Digital panoramic radiographic images derived from conventional and CBCT generated methods, regarding their linear measurements’ accuracy in different anatomical sites in dry human mandibles compared to real measurements obtained by a digital vernier caliper. Materials and Methods: Measurements from five adult human dry mandibles were made separately on the right and left sides ending up with ten evaluated samples. Several linear measurements related to mental and mandibular foramina were obtained. All were compared to real measurements.Results: Cronbach’s alpha inter- and intra- observer agreement in all modalities used ranged from “very good to perfect”. No statistically significant difference between linear measurements’ means in all modalities used when compared to real ones. Only two measurements; one was significantly underestimated in all modalities, the other was significantly overestimated in manual reformatted panoramic.Conclusion: Comparable results were shown when linear measurements’ means from Digital panoramic, CBCT derived Auto and Manual reformatted panoramic were compared to real ones. Radiation dose to patients must be concerned.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76050.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76050_658fbc59a45a4b38a6a8b421023994a9.pdf} } @article { author = {Shredah, Mohamed and El Deeb, Mona}, title = {Scanning Electron Microscopic and Histologic Study of the Effect of Curcumin on Healing of Induced Palatal Mucosal Ulcer in Albino Rats}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {63}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {2351-2362}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2017.76051}, abstract = {Introduction: Wound healing is a highly complicated event attained through precisely programmed phases. Curcumin was used as a flavoring and coloring agent. It also exhibited remarkable properties in medicinal therapy.Aim: This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of curcumin on healing of induced palatal ulcer in a rat model.Material & Methods: Thirty six male Albino rats were divided into three groups. Group I (Control group): rats were given the vehicle solution. Group II (ulcer induced group): ulcers were created on the hard palatal mucosa of rats of this group. Group III (curcumin & ulcer induced group): ulcers were induced then rats were daily given 200mg/kg of curcumin starting from the day of ulceration. The animals were sacrificed such that two rats from the control group and five rats from the experimental groups were sacrificed after three, six and twelve days post ulceration. Specimens were prepared for histological examination and scanning electron microscopic assessment. Results: Histological examination revealed better enhancement of ulcer healing and epithelization together with establishment of more dense collagen bundles in group III samples when compared to group II throughout the examined experimental periods. Scanning electron microscopic results supported the histological findings showing significant reduction of the ulcer size in group III specimens.Conclusion: oral administration of curcumin has beneficial effects in accelerating wound healing and improving all phases of wound repair of palatal ulcer in rats.}, keywords = {ulcer healing,palatal mucosa,Curcumin}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76051.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76051_5b7e4bb28c3d3eda2e2726cb2436a7ab.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdelfattah, Nayroz and Abdelkawy, Maha and Shaker, Olfat}, title = {Detection of Serum and Salivary VEGF among Patients with Different Clinical Forms of Oral Lichen Planus}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {63}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {2363-2368}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2017.76052}, abstract = {The present study was designed to compare the prevalence of Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in saliva of oral lichen planus (OLP) patients with its serum levels, in order to verify the effectiveness of salivary VEGF in monitoring OLP lesions. Thirty eight individuals were included and subdivided into 4 groups, 8 patients suffering from papular OLP, 11 patients with atrophic OLP, 11 patients with erosive OLP and 8 individuals having age and gender matched with previous groups acting as a control group. Serum and whole unstimulated saliva samples were collected from all the included individuals to determine VEGF level in both saliva and serum utilizing the ELISA technique. The results showed that the control group had the lowest level of VEGF in both saliva and serum and the papular group had slightly higher values than that of the control. As for the erosive group, it showed the highest levels of VEGF in saliva as well as in serum followed by the atrophic group. Thus, it could be concluded that both serum and salivary VEGF levels correlate perfectly with the clinical severity of different OLP lesions and that VEGF seems to play an important role in pathogenesis, activity, and severity of OLP lesions also that the analysis of salivary VEGF level is a non-invasive reliable way for the diagnosis and the monitoring of disease activity and a measure of the effectiveness of new therapeutic modalities.Aim: The current study compared the VEGF expression in both serum and saliva between various forms of OLP patients and control subjects in order to determine the effectiveness of salivary VEGF to reflect the disease activity.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76052.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76052_833b532ddf575a19b43c7a80e193abc5.pdf} } @article { author = {Samir, Sahar and Hamed, Walaa and Abaas, Noha and Farid, Mary}, title = {Accuracy of voxel based superimposition in evaluation of orthodontic cases}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {63}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {2369-2375}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2017.76054}, abstract = {Aim: To compare the accuracy of 3D superimposed models produced by two programs using voxel based superimposition in follow up of orthodontic cases.Patients and methods: The study included 21 non-growing patients performing orthodontic treatment. The gold standard was obtained by tracing each CBCT scan then recording linear measurements between evaluation points. T1 pre-treatment and T2 post-treatment scans were fused forming 3D superimposed model using two software programs; In Vivo (Anatomage, San Jose, California, USA), and Ondemand 3D (Ondemand 3D; Cybermed Co., Seoul, Korea). Accuracy as well as inter-observer reliability between three trained observers were calculated. Results: Cronbach’s alpha test showed significant low accuracy of superimposed models performed by In Vivo on canine and premolar readings and those obtained by Ondemand 3D showed significant low accuracy in canine readings. Cronbach’s alpha test showed significant moderate inter-observer reliability in canine readings and significant low inter-observer reliability in molar readings performed by InVivo. While inter-observer reliability of on demand 3D was significantly moderate in molar and canine readings. Conclusion: Statistical results showed low accuracy of 3D superimposed models performed by InVivo and Ondemand. In OnDemand showed higher inter observe reliability than InVivo.}, keywords = {cone beam CT,Orthodontics,Computer guided 3D imaging}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76054.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76054_e783dbd5a78993c4e1c5f5a1dcbcb003.pdf} } @article { author = {Maged, Amira and Abdel Moneim, Wesam}, title = {Prevalence of aphthous and aphthous like ulcers and their relation to precipitating factors among a sample of Egyptian Population}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {63}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {2377-2388}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2017.76055}, abstract = {Introduction: Recurrent aphthous ulcer is one of the most common oral diseases worldwide. The prevalence ranges from 2% to 66% in different populations. Detection of the prevalence of oral ulcerations in the general population is very important as the ulcers have significant negative effects on the oral health, irrespective to the etiology. Moreover, many syndromes were known to be associated with recurrent aphthous ulcers. Aim: the present study was performed to detect RAU prevalence among a sample of Egyptian population and to find out its incidence in relation to the precipitating factors.Subjects & Methods: The present study was performed on a total of 4362 subjects, 1874 males and 2488 females. The subjects were recruited from the outpatient clinic of Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University. For patients with RAU, the diagnostic sheets were provided. Data obtained from the questionnaire was analyzed using software SPSS 16.0 for windowsResults: There were 50/4362 cases with aphthous ulcer giving a prevalence of 1.15%. Ten cases (20.0%) had major aphthous ulcer while 40 cases (80.0%) had minor aphthous ulcer and no herpetiform aphthous ulcers were reported. Conclusions: The present study shed the light on the prevalence of recurrent aphthous ulcers and also pointed to the importance of a thorough history taking to identify the main risk factors of the ulceration and then to get the needed preventive measures.}, keywords = {Aphthous ulcer,prevalence,precipitating factors}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76055.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76055_7a227d46df89f97c9a3030362816b3d1.pdf} } @article { author = {Labah, Doaa}, title = {The Validity of Nano-chitosan/ Nano-Hydroxyapatite as a Promoter of Bone Healing in Ovariectomized Rats}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {63}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {2389-2402}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2017.76056}, abstract = {Background: Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) is a biomaterial successfully used in bone tissue engineering. As well, Nano-chitosan (nCTS) is one of the natural polymers used in tissue engineering research. The unique properties of nCTS/nHA composite materials have attracted research interest especially in bioapplications. Estrogen deficiency is responsible for osteoporosis which is a metabolic bone disease characterized by delayed bone healing.Aim of study: to investigate the putative effect of nCTS/nHA combination on the healing of bony defects in experimental postmenopausal hypoestrogenic rat model.Materials and Methods: Forty eight, 6 month old, virgin female rats were randomly allocated into four equal groups; ovariectomy (OVX), Sham, OVX- nCTS/nHA treated, and Sham- nCTS/nHA treated groups. Sixty days following OVX or Sham surgery, a critical-sized defect on the right side of mandible was created in all groups then filled with nCTS/nHA hydrogel only in the third and fourth groups. Two and four weeks following bony defect surgery, six animals per group were euthanized and bone samples were processed for light microscopic (LM) examination, X-ray elemental microanalysis and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) examination.Results: LM and SEM examinations of OVX group revealed delayed bone healing during both experimental periods in comparison with other groups. Interestingly, application of nCTS/nHA revealed improvement in bone healing process. X-ray elemental microanalysis of OVX group depicted marked significant decrease in calcium level below those of other groups. However, using nCTS/nHA revealed significant increase in calcium level suggesting its augmenting role in bone mineralization.Conclusion: Estrogen deficiency impaired bone healing process. However, the synergistic effect of nCTS / nHA has the ability to improve the impaired bone healing in rats with OVX-induced osteoporosis.Key words: Nano-hydroxyapatite, Nano-chitosan, Ovariectomy, Estrogen deficiency, Bone healingAbbreviations: nHA: Nano-hydroxyapatite; nCTS: Nano-chitosan; OVX: ovariectomy; LM: light microscope; SEM; scanning electron microscope.}, keywords = {nano-hydroxyapatite,Nano-chitosan,Ovariectomy,Estrogen deficiency,bone healing}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76056.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76056_7ea979f913e45d182dd7021d76f74ec0.pdf} } @article { author = {Ashmawy, Mostafa and Abou-Khalaf, Ashraf and Mostafa, Raghdaa}, title = {Effect of Voxel Size On The Accuracy of Nerve Tracing Module of Cone Beam Computed Tomography Images}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {63}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {2403-2412}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2017.76057}, abstract = {Introduction: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has been used for preoperative treatment planning for dental implants, one of the major advantages is its accurate linear measurements. But when it comes to automatic detection of voxel intensity values as in automatic nerve detection, little evidence in the literature was found. Thus; in order to examine the accuracy of this automatic process, this study was performed in vitro.Methods: A dry edentulous mandible was imaged using i-CAT next generation (Imaging sciences international, Hatfield, PA, USA) using gutta percha markers at certain areas of interest, the reconstructed panoramic image was evaluated and nerve tracing was done for both sides, then linear measurements was performed from the edge of the inferior alveolar nerve canal (IANC) to the inferior border of mandible, buccal, lingual and crest of the ridge. These measurements were compared to actual physical measurements performed by using a digital caliber after sectioning of the mandible at the gutta percha sites.Results: Intra-observer agreement was good to very good regarding all measurements for both observers, while inter observer agreement was weak to very good regarding all measurements for both observers. There was no statistically significant difference between the CBCT scans (0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, and 0.4 mm voxel size) regarding all measurements except one measurement at the 0.4 mm voxel size CBCT scan showed a statistically significant high mean error. Conclusion: The choice of FOV and voxel size should be made by clinicians based on the clinical task at hand, keeping in mind that their choices not only affect the diagnostic quality of images but also the amount of radiation exposure that their patients receive.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76057.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76057_2b795a0c3086bf73b7a088aedb019e75.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdulmaguid, Rania and Sherif, Salah and Elsayed, Hakem}, title = {Assessment of Serum Vitamin D Levels in Young Adults and Correlation of Vitamin D Deficiency and Gingivitis}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {63}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {2413-2419}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2017.76058}, abstract = {Background: Assessment of vitamin D levels in serum of dental students of faculty of dentistry MSA University, with examination of plaque index, gingival index and bleeding on probing for each student.Aim: The aim of the present study is to study the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among dental students and to find out if any correlation is present between the deficiency, if present, and gingival inflammation.Material and Methods: Forty-seven students were randomly selected from the dental students in the final year from MSA University, assessment for serum vitamin D and gingival inflammation was done for all the students. Results: All the assessed students were suffering from vitamin D deficiency, the severity was variable from severe to moderate, all students were also suffering from gingivitis despite their good oral hygiene (PI)Conclusion: There was a correlation between serum vitamin D level and gingivitis which was revealed as an inverse relationship between level of vitamin D and both of gingival index and bleeding on probing.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76058.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76058_6f8503d7c0f03519283c904f6b0d63c9.pdf} } @article { author = {Elmeadawy, Samah and El-Sharkawy, Hesham and Elbayomy, Azza}, title = {Effect of Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy on Systemic Pro-inflammatory and Vascular Endothelial Biomarkers and Serum Lipid Profile in Chronic Periodontitis Patients}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {63}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {2421-2433}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2017.76059}, abstract = {The present study aimed to estimate the serum levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and lipid profile [including total cholesterol, triglycerides (TGs), high –density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and low –density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL)] in chronic periodontitis patients and to detect the association between the aforementioned cardiovascular disease risk markers and the periodontal disease severity and extent. In addition, the study also aimed to detect whether the non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) may affect the levels of these biochemical parameters. Fifty eight subjects completed the study and were subdivided into: group I (31 chronic periodontitis patients), and group II (27 adults with clinically healthy gingivae). Group I received standard NSPT. Periodontal parameters and serum levels of VCAM-1, IL-6, and lipid profile were estimated at baseline and at 6 weeks after NSPT. There were significant differences between study groups regarding serum VCAM-1, IL-6, total cholesterol, LDL (p<0.001), and HDL (P<0.05). In group I, the pre-treatment values of all periodontal parameters and biochemical analytes were significantly higher than post-treatment values. At 6 weeks after therapy, both bleeding index and periodontal diseases extension were positively correlated with serum cholesterol, TGs, and LDL. BI was negatively correlated with HDL. It was concluded from the previous findings that chronic periodontitis has the potential to increase systemic inflammation, vascular endothelial biomarkers, and serum lipid profile of affected individuals. Hence, NSPT may reduce the risk of CVS diseases by reducing the systemic inflammation.}, keywords = {Chronic Periodontitis,systemic inflammation,IL-6,VCAM-1,Lipid profile,cardiovascular diseases}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76059.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76059_6c00a4527c5097d22c407f4970fee672.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd Alsamad, Ahmed}, title = {Accuracy of Linear Measurements in Stitched Cone Beam Computed Tomographic Images An In-Vitro Stud}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {63}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {2435-2440}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2017.76060}, abstract = {Introduction: Cone Beam Computed Tomography plays a major role in all specialties of maxillofacial region. This variability in applications necessitates variability in the available Field of View (FOV). However, large detector size might not be available in some machines. Stitching allows the fusion of 2 or more small volumes to form larger volumes. For that this study was carried out to evaluate the accuracy of linear measurements obtained from stitched CBCT images compared to direct real measurements.Methodology: Twenty four skulls with mandibles were recruited from Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University. Two radiopaque gutta percha markers were glued on each skull and mandible at the nasion and mental ridge (at mid line) respectively. Each skull fixed to its mandible was placed on the CBCT machine Planmeca Pro Max 3D Mid® (Asentajankatu, Helsinki, Finland) in Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department at Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University. For real measurements, the distance between the two markers was measured using digital caliper. The resultant images were evaluated using Planmeca Romexis Viewer version 4.4.0.R (Asentajankatu, Helsinki, Finland) and the CBCT measurements were performed by two blinded observers.Results: The mean real measurement was 96.12 (±11.42) mm which was slightly greater than that of the CBCT measurement which is 95.43 (±11.39) mm. There was a good agreement between CBCT and real measurements. The level of inter-observer and intra-observer agreement is very strong regarding both real and CBCT measurementsConclusion: Linear measurements driven from Stitched CBCT images are accurate and reliable for diagnostic purposes in maxillofacial region.}, keywords = {linear measurements,Stitching,Stitched CBCT}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76060.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76060_26a6d23a09acb7838c0d06ec4fdaeec0.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghalwash, Dalia and Mahmoud, Enji and Shaker, Olfat}, title = {Evaluation of the therapeutic effect of topical calcipotriol versus topical tretinoin in treatment of oral Leukoplakia and their effect on clinical improvement and salivary level of MMP-9, IL-6 and TGF-β: A Randomized Clinical Trial}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {63}, number = {Issue 3 - July (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {2441-2457}, year = {2017}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2017.76061}, abstract = {Background: Leukoplakia is the most common potentially malignant lesion of the oral cavity. The main objective in treatment of oral leukoplakia is to prevent malignant transformation. Retinoids and vitamin D analogues have anti-keratinizing and immunomodulatory properties and proven effectiveness in the treatment of leukoplakia.Aim of the study: the aim of this clinical trial was to compare the effectiveness of topical calcipotriol versus topical tretinoin in treatment of oral leukoplakia regarding changes in clinical score as well as salivary IL-6, TGF- β and MMP-9 levels.Methodology: 40 patients with oral leukoplakia were randomly assigned into two groups. Group 1: (n=20) patients were treated with topical calcipotriol gel applied twice daily for 4 weeks. Group 2: (n=20) patients were treated with topical tretinoin cream applied twice daily for 4 weeks. Clinical improvement as well as salivary level of TGF-β, IL-6 and MMP-9 was evaluated 4 weeks after treatment and compared to baseline values.Results: Both treatments resulted in clinical improvement with no significant differences between groups. However, calcipotriol produced a highly statistically significant reduction in salivary IL-6 and MMP-9 compared to tretinoin while both treatments caused significant reduction in salivary TGF-β with no significant difference.Conclusion: Calcipotriol could be considered a promising therapeutic alternative with fewer side effects for the treatment of oral leukoplakia.}, keywords = {Leukoplakia,Calcipotriol,Tretinoin,MMP-9,IL-6,TGF-β}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76061.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76061_af349adbc005892795baf840f7b17b17.pdf} }