@article { author = {El-Sharkawy, Hesham and Felemban, Nayef and Manjunatha, Bhari}, title = {DOES ATORVASTATIN ALONE AMELIORATE CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS IN HYPERLIPIDEMIC PATIENTS? (A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY)}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {203-213}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77073}, abstract = {The present study was conducted to assess whether atorvastatin (ATV) alone could improve periodontal parameters and reduce inflammation and bone resorption in generalized chronic periodontitis (gCP) patients with hyperlipidemia. One hundred and two subjects were classified into three groups: Group I included 34 gCP patients with hyperlipidemia and maintained on a daily dose of 20 mg atorvastatin at least for 6 months. Group II comprised 34 gCP patients with hyperlipidemia and not taking any hypolipidemic drugs. Group III consisted of 34 normolipidemic individuals with gCP. The periodontal parameters including plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were recorded and compared. Unstimulated whole saliva and blood samples were harvested from all subjects. Salivary levels of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and receptor activator of nuclear kappa B ligand (RANKL) were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. The blood samples were used to assess the lipid profile for all patients including total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C). The results demonstrated significantly greater decrease of periodontal parameters and salivary IL-1β and RANKL levels in group I compared to other groups. BOP, PD and CAL were positively correlated with the levels of salivary IL-1β, TC, TG and LDL-C whereas HDL-C measurements were negatively associated with BOP, PD and CAL. In conclusion, ATV could be a viable therapeutic modality in gCP management, due to its anti-inflammatory and antiosteopathic effects. Salivary IL-1β and RANKL could serve as reliable biomarkers in periodontal disease.}, keywords = {Atorvastatin,Chronic Periodontitis,IL-1β,RANKL,Lipid profile}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77073.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77073_21c2f1df4b70a994a865174a9e44d656.pdf} } @article { author = {Abou Elkhier, Mazen and Elmeadawy, Samah and Salama, Naglaa}, title = {EFFECT OF SALBUTAMOL ON THE PAROTID SALIVARY GLAND OF RATS: ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDY}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {215-221}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77074}, abstract = {Background: Salbutamol (salb) is a selective β2-adrenergic receptor agonist used for the asthma to relieve bronchospasm. Because of the presence of ß2-adrenoceptors in salivary glands, salbutamol may have an effect on salivary composition. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of Salbutamol on ultrastucture of parotid glands. Materials and Methods: Study group (15 male albino rat) treated with injections of salb, while the control group (15 male albino rat) received saline. Rats were sacrificed at periods of 2 and 7 days of treatment and then one week after stoppage of treatment. The parotid was dissected and processed for transmission electron microscopy.Results: after 2 days, acinar cells of the salb treated glands showed cytoplasmic vacuolization, granules of different electron densities with few electron dense bodies and rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) with irregularly arranged cisternae. Dense areas of chromatin were observed at the periphery of the nucleus. After 7 days of salb treatment, the nucleus was compressed toward the base of the cell. One week after stoppage of salb, some cytoplasmic alterations still present.Conclusion: short term treatment with salb drug leads to ultrastructural changes of the parotid and some of these changes still present after one week from cessation of the drug.}, keywords = {Salbutamol,parotid gland,electron microscopy}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77074.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77074_db31e7c64ea33792ee7c35dce279586a.pdf} } @article { author = {Moussa, Marwa and Hafez, Shereen and Sabry, Dina}, title = {In Vitro differentiation potential of Isolated dental pulp stem cells}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {223-231}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77075}, abstract = {Objective: The aim of the present study is to isolate and characterize human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs).Surface markers expression utilizing surface markers for flow cytometry. The odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs was assessed.Material and methods: dental pulp tissuses were collected from impacted third molars. samples were treated with collagenase before centrifugation to allow release of the cells. Cells were cultured in complete culture medium for 12-14 days. After reaching confluence, the isolated cells were characterized by flow cytometry using CD105 and CD45. The cells were induced for odontogenic differentiation by placing the cells in odontogenic induction media for 14 days. Odontogenic differentiation was evaluated by Alizarin Red stain and by the expressions of dentine sialo phospho protein (DSPP), dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, which were assessed by RT-PCR.Results: The results showed that successful isolation of stem cells from human dental pulp was achieved. Cells were successfully sub-cultured and expanded up to the third passage. A flow cytometric analysis was done after stem cells isolation. Isolated DPSCs were identified by positive expression of CD105 and negative expression of hematopoietic marker C. The results showed that differentiatiationed odontoblastic like cells from DPSCs induced by odontogenic medium were stained by Alizarin Red at days 7 and 14. RT-PCR results indicated that all cultured cells efficiently differentiate into dentin forming cells and expressed specific DSPP, DMP1 and ALP genes at days 7 and 14.Conclusion: DPSCs can be a possible source of stable differentiated odontoblastic cells. Their ability of inducing hard tissue formation offer an alternative method to save teeth with compromised structural integrity.}, keywords = {Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs),Flow cytometry,odontogenic differention,DSPP,ALP,DMP1}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77075.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77075_c0ea9b21fccf5d1cd9539f6ef5a224bf.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd Elhameed, Marwa}, title = {The Effect of (cod liver oil-Insulin) combination on suppressing the diabetes deleterious effect on the excretory ducts of sublingual salivary Glands of Albino Rats}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {233-248}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77076}, abstract = {Background: Diabetes is usually associated with impaired function of salivary glands, by both histolological deterioration and altered salivary composition. Abnormal apoptosis has been recognized in salivary glands of diabetic rats. Amyloidosis constitutes a group of diseases in which proteins deposit in tissues as insoluble fibrils, causing progressive organ dysfunction. Insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents are the widely used in diabetes treatment, but they have undesirable sequelae and fail to completely alter the course of diabetic complications. Cod liver oil (CLO) as an important source of omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acid, has been documented to have a powerful antioxidant effect on several tissues.Objective: The present study was carried out to study the possible effect of CLO combined with insulin in regeneration of the exceretory duct of sublingual salivary glands in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.Design: forty adult male albino rats (200-250 gm) were selected for this study. The animals were randomly divided into four groups (ten rats each): Group I (Control group), Group II (Diabetic untreated group), Group III (Insulin treated group) and Group IV (Cod liver oil - insulin treated group). At the end of the experimental period (four weeks), the rats were killed and the sublingual salivary glands were dissected out. The sections were examined histologically, immunohistochemically, histomorphometrically and by fluorescence staining technique. Statistical analysis: Data obtained from histomorphometric analysis were statistically described in terms of mean ± standard deviation (± SD).Results: Histopathologic examination of Group I showed the normal histological features of the gland΄s duct system. Group II revealed disturbed ductal outlines, ill-defined ductal cells boundaries, nuclear changes, ductal cells degeneration and stagnated salivary secretion in the lumina. Moreover apparent decrease, hyalinization and degeneration in the surrounding connective tissue (C.T) stroma; fibroblasts showed signs of degeneration and dilated blood vessels (BVs) with swollen endothelial cells. Group III showed better histological features than those of Group II, while Group IV showed histological features nearly resembling those of the control group (Group I). The least immuno-expression for caspase-3 (apoptosis marker) and the minimum fluorescence with thioflavin-T (amyloidosis marker) stain were demonstrated in Group I, followed by Group IV, then Group III and subsequently Group II. The histomorphometric analysis supported the previous results. On the other hand, Group I showed the least mean area percentage of both caspase-3 immunoreactivity and thioflavin-T fluorescence, followed by Group IV, then Group III and the highest values were for Group II. There was statistically highly significant difference between the studied groups.Conclusions: Diabetes has deleterious effect on the structure of the exceretory duct of sublingual salivary glands. Moreover, it has a major role in tissue damage through development of amyloidosis. Insulin as a sole treatment, couldn’t completely inhibit the complications of diabetes. However, CLO- insulin combination had great potential to minimize the abnormalities caused by diabetes.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77076.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77076_989670b06aaa4fcb784d787516f43626.pdf} } @article { author = {Elmehy, Ghada and Abo-Shady, Tamer}, title = {Comparison Between Tea Tree Oil and Chlorhexidine Mouth Rinse in Treatment of Gingivitis Induced by Orthodontic Treatment: A Randomized Control Clinical Study}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {249-256}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77077}, abstract = {Aim: This study was designed to compare the effects of tea tree oil and chlorhexidine mouth rinse in the treatment of gingivitis induced by orthodontic treatment.Materials and Methods: Sixty patients undergoing orthodontic treatment and suffering from gingivitis were included and divided randomly into three groups, group I (20 patients): Patients received scaling and oral hygiene instructions, group II (20 patients): Patients received scaling, oral hygiene instructions and chlorhexidine mouth rinse and group III (20 patients): Patients received scaling, oral hygiene instructions and tea tree oil mouth rinse.Results: The results of this study revealed that all treatment modalities achieved a statistically significant reduction of the mean plaque index, gingival index and papillary bleeding index throughout the six months evaluation period as compared to the mean base-line values (P<0.001). This 6-month controlled clinical study demonstrated that the tea tree oil mouth rinse had comparable anti-gingivitis activity with chlorhexidine mouth rinse which is known to produce significantly higher levels of extrinsic stain.Conclusion: Due to side effects associated with the chlorhexidine mouth rinse, it is suggested that tea tree oil mouth rinse can be used instead, as it proved to have a distinct role in the management of gingivitis induced by orthodontic treatment.}, keywords = {Chronic gingivitis,orthodontic treatment,Chlorhexidine mouth rinse,Tea tree oil mouth rinse}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77077.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77077_f2ff89e8c2ebbea8e6b2d9151954b763.pdf} } @article { author = {Eid, Hanan and Kamal, Naglaa and elgayar, Sherif and Elbolok, Amr and Talaat, Ahmed}, title = {Correlation Between the Presence of Stromal Myofibroblasts and the Proliferative Potential of Odontogenic Keratocyst and Ameloblastoma}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {257-264}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77078}, abstract = {Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), and ameloblastoma (AB) aggressive epithelial odontogenic tumors with a high recurrence rate though, their aggressive nature are not totally understood, Many epithelial tumors are characterized by stromal reaction, Myofibroblast is one of stromal component that could contribute to the biologic behavior of these lesions, Fifteen cases of AB and OKC were operated on under general anesthesia, all cases were subjected to immunohistochemical staining with alpha-smooth muscle actin and flow cytometry analysis, ameloblastoma showed expression of α muscle actin between the follicles as well as around the blood vessels, while in OKC the expression was mostly in connective tissue wall of cyst lining, as well as flow cytometry analysis showed tumors were diploid and showed a percentage of cells in S -phase higher than 26%. OKC had a higher value than AB but the values were close and statistically insignificant, we concluded that the immunohistochemical expression of MF in AB & OKC has insignificant difference may contribute to the similar proliferative potential of both AB& OKC, as well The high proliferation rate of OKC reinforces its classification as a benign odontogenic neoplasm rather than a cystObjective To detect the proliferative potential of odontogenic keratocyst, versus ameloblastoma and their correlation to presence of stromal myofibroblasts}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77078.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77078_cbb1ed777630f13891c0b46ff268b123.pdf} } @article { author = {Hafez, Shereen and Moussa, Marwa}, title = {The effect of different biomimetic materials as a remineralization protocol on microhardness and ultramorphology of bleached enamel}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {265-275}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77079}, abstract = {Aim: To compare the effect of Nano-HA and Nano-BG as remineralizing protocol on the microhardness and structural morphology of bleached enamel.Materials and methods: Two different biomimetic materials were used; Nano-bioactive glass powder and Nanohyroxyapatite powder. Five extracted sound human central incisors were selected. The labial of each tooth was divided longitudinal into two equal halves. The mesial half was assigned for BG group and the distal half was assigned for HA group. A total number of 20 Specimens were randomly divided into 4 groups (5specimens each). Group1 represent sound unbleached enamel, group2 represent bleaching enamel surface, and group3 represents remineralization by BG and group4 represents remineralization by HA. The specimens in group2 were bleached using 40% Hydrogen Peroxide following the manufacturers’ instructions. For Nano-BG group: a mixture of bioactive glass 45S5 powder with particle size (25-120 um) with poly-acrylic acid powder was done (PAA –BAG). Then, one milliliter of the artificial saliva was added then was applied on the bleached enamel surface followed by rinsing for one minute.For Nano-HA group: HA mixed with distilled water then was applied to bleached enamel surface followed by rinsing. All specimens were subjected to de and remineralization cycles. Surface Micro-hardness of the specimens (before bleaching after bleaching and after remineralization protocol) was determined and the mean microhardness values of the specimens were calculated, tabulated and statistically analyzed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post hoc tests were used to study the significance. The surface morphology of two representative sample of each tested group were examined using scanning electron microscope attached with energy dispersive X-ray analyzer. Results: Microhardness results revealed that the greatest mean value was recorded in unbleached enamel, followed by remineralized enamel with Nano- BG, then remineralized enamel with Nano- HA, with the least value in bleached enamel. ANOVA test revealed that the difference was extremely statistically significant (p<0.0001). Tukey’s post hoc test revealed no significant difference between unbleached enamel and remineralized enamel with Nano- BG. Moreover, there was no significant remineralized enamel with Nano- HA and remineralized enamel with Nano- BG. This was associated with some morphological changes in the enamel surfaces between different tested groups. Conclusions: The use of bleaching agents greatly affects the structural integrity of enamel surface and resulted in great mineral loss. It is strongly recommended to perform remineralization protocol after any bleaching procedure. The biomimetic materials are very promising due to their ability to perfectly reconstruct partially damaged bleached enamel surface. Bioactive glass material was able to perform almost complete recovery of the structural integrity of bleached enamel. Also, Nanohydroxyapatite successfully restore the damaged bleached enamel surface but to less extend compared to bioactive glass.}, keywords = {biomimetics,nano bioactive glass,Nano hydroxyapatite,bleaching}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77079.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77079_66d40de0c3681c5ddaa25a17099879d1.pdf} } @article { author = {Ahmed, Dina and Abd Alsamad, Ahmed}, title = {Assessment of Anatomical Variations of Median Lingual Canals: A CBCT study}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {277-285}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2019.77080}, abstract = {Objectives: To investigate the presence, the number, the anatomic location, the course and morphology of median lingual canals in edentulous patients using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).Subjects and methods: Fifty completely edentulous patients were recruited from the outpatient clinic of the Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University. All patients in this study were seeking to improve the retention of their mandibular complete dentures through dental implants. Patients were of age ranging from 50 to 70 years. A CBCT scan was performed for all patients to evaluate the edentulous area prior to implant placement. The number, the anatomical location and morphology of the median lingual canals were assessed by two Oral and Maxillofacial Radiologists. Additionally, the slope of the canals, the distance between the alveolar crest and the terminal ends of the median lingual canals; the length and the diameter of the median lingual canals were also assessed.Results: All patients had at least one median lingual canal. Supra-spinosum canals were more frequent than infra-spinosum canals. Regarding the anatomical lingual canal morphology, Type E, A and D showed the greatest frequency. Most of the supra-spinosum canals sloped downward toward the labial surface, while most of the infra-spinosum canals sloped upward toward the labial surface. The distance between the buccal terminal end of the canal and the alveolar crest ranged between (3.6 - 21.2 mm) for supra-spinosum canals and (9.4 - 24.8 mm) for infra-spinosum canals. The distance between the lingual terminal end of the canal and the alveolar crest ranged between (2.7 - 19.4 mm) for supra-spinosum canals and (10.8 - 30.4 mm) for infra-spinosum canals. The canal length was found to be (3.5-15.3 mm) for supra-spinosum canals and (2.4 - 10.2 mm) for infra-spinosum canals. The average diameter of all canals ranged between (0.4 - 1.2 mm). Conclusions: Determination of the number, the position as well as the diameter of median lingual canals before mandibular midline implant surgery in edentulous patient is important as these canals are constant anatomical landmark which have both vascular and neurosensory components.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77080.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77080_a021e66a52216ab6017663f65059bc43.pdf} } @article { author = {Gawish, Abeer and Shalby, Hany and Ghoniem, Mohammed and Selim, Manar}, title = {The effect of autologous bone marrow concentrate and demineralized freeze- dried bone allograft in management of experimentally induced intrabony periodontal defects in rats (Immunohistochemical and Radiographic study)}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {287-300}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77081}, abstract = {Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate periodontal regeneration/ alveolar bone fill with the use of autologous bone marrow concentrate alone and with a combination of demineralized freeze dried allograft in the treatment of intrabony defects (IBDs). The evaluation was based on histological, immunohistochemical and radiographic analysis.Materials and Methods: Forty adult male albino rats with experimentally induced periodontitis were included in the present study and divided as follows, group I involved 10 rats and served as positive controls, group II involved 10 rats were treated with demineralized freeze dried allograft (DFDBA) only, group III involved 10 rats were treated with autologous bone marrow concentrate (BMSCs) only and group IV involved 10 rats were treated with combined demineralized freeze dried allograft and autologous bone marrow concentrate. Five rats of each group were sacrificed two weeks after the beginning of the experiment and the other 5 rats were sacrificed six weeks after the beginning of the experiment. Harvested jaw specimens were fixed in formalin, then embedded in paraffin wax, and serially sectioned at 4µm for histological, immunohistochemical assessment using of TGF-β1. Furthermore radiographic assessment was done at the end of study period.Results: The histological examination of control positive rats revealed degeneration of the collagen fibers associated with alveolar bone resorption. In group II DFDB allograft treated rats showed signs of PDL regeneration associated with increase in the thickness of bone trabeculae. BMSCs treated rats (group III) showed formation of new bundles of collagen fibers of PDL with increase in alveolar bone thickness. In group IV rats treated with combined DFDBA and BMSCs showed the best regenerative features in the PDL fibers and cells with more increase in the thickness of alveolar bone. Immunohistochemical results of TGF-β1 of group I showed negatively to weakly positive TGF-β1 reaction. While, PDL of group II presented moderately positive TGF-β1staining. PDL of group III revealed weakly to moderately positive TGF-β1 stain. However, group IV presented strongly positiveTGF-β1 staining. Radiographic analysis: showed a statistical significant difference between the three treated groups compared to the positive control group at 2 and 6 weeks respectively indicating that the bone density increased gradually in the three treated groups with the best radiographic evidence of increased bone density in group IV (treated with combined DFDBA and BMSCs).Conclusion: The present investigation revealed that all the treatment modalities showed favorable regeneration of the intrabony defect. The combination of DFDBA with BMSCs may positively influence the treatment of a periodontal attachment gain with enhancing resolution of osseous defects compared with other treatment modalities. Regenerative combination (DFDBA with BMSCs) emerging as a promising option in the treatment of periodontal osseous defects.}, keywords = {Periodontitis,bone marrow stem cells,bone graft,TGF-β1}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77081.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77081_9c8e19798eaca0280850ef1747ef6dfc.pdf} } @article { author = {Khalifa, Mohamoud and Essa, Ahmed and El-Safty, Samy}, title = {Diagnostic Accuracy of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology for Palatal Minor Salivary Gland Tumors Using Different Needle Materials}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {301-308}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77082}, abstract = {Background: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has been considered as an initial diagnostic tool for any swelling in major salivary glands and some minor salivary glands. It has been used by surgeons as a clinical tool to differentiate between benign and malignant tumors of the salivary glands. Superficial location of palatal minor salivary glands makes them most favorable target for FNAC. The surgical intervention is planned depending on the results of cytology. Aims: To establish correlation between cytological and histopathological diagnoses of palatal salivary gland lesions and to examine accuracy of aspiration cytology as an early diagnostic aid using different needle materials (Cobalt Chromium and Stainless Steel). Materials and Methods: Sixty patients presenting with palpable palatal lesions were included over a period from September 2015 to September 2017. FNAC was carried out for all cases and a correlation was conducted between clinical, cytological and histopathological outcomes. Patients were divided into two main groups (n = 30); in Group A, the aspiration was done using a Cobalt-Chromium “Co-Cr” needle, attached to a syringe, while in Group B, it was performed using a stainless steel needle. Results: The results of the FNAC specimens obtained from the 60 palatal lesions were correlated to their histopathological findings. FNAC results – supported by the histopathological investigations - revealed 45 pleomorphic adenomas, 5 mucoepidermoid carcinomas, 2 adenoid cystic carcinomas, 5 squamous cell carcinomas, 2 nonspecific inflammations and one case represented normal salivary gland tissue. With regard to complications of the fine needle aspiration procedure in this study, Co-Cr needles proved better biocompatibility and lower deformity in cells collected than Stainless steel needles. Conclusions: FNAC proved that it can be a simple, reliable, rapid and safe tool for the preoperative diagnostic procedure for palatal salivary gland lesions. Co-Cr needles are superior to Stainless steel needles in FNAC because of its higher biocompatibility.}, keywords = {Palatal minor salivary gland tumors,Diagnostic Accuracy,Fine needle aspiration biopsy,Cobalt Chromium,stainless steel}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77082.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77082_a27eb92af471a9379ac18845dd839333.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd Elsattar, Maha and Elmeadawy, Samah and Elsouda, Ahmed and Safwat, Wael}, title = {Comparison of Different voxel sizes of Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Assessment of Vertical Root Fracture – an In Vitro Analysis}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {309-317}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77083}, abstract = {Aim: This study aimed to assess the validity of CBCT in the detection of VRF and its orientation in human extracted teeth and to analyze the effect of gutta-percha (GP) endodontic obturation. Finally, to compare different CBCT voxel sizes in VRF diagnosis in both GP obuturated and non-obturated teeth.Materials and Methods: Sixty human teeth were divided into: group I included 30 endodontically treated and GP obturated teeth, group II include 30 endodontically treated but not obturated teeth. Then, VRFs were mechanically induced in all teeth and the teeth were scanned with i-CAT CBCT machine with different voxel sizes of 0.125, 0.2, 0.25 mm. Then, the teeth were inspected by stereomicroscope to confirm the presence of fracture and to detect the orientation of the fractures to act as the gold standard.Result: Different CBCT voxel sizes of 0.125, 0.2 & 0.25mm were found to have the same validity in the VRF diagnosis with 100% sensitivity, 96.4% accuracy and 50% specificity. There was no significant difference between GP obturated and non obturated groups. VRFs occurred mostly in the bucco-lingual direction.Conclusions: VRF detection and its orientation can be accurately assessed by different CBCT voxel sizes imaging, thus using CBCT 0.25 voxel with less radiation dose is preferred. The presence of GP did not hinder the VRF orientation.}, keywords = {CBCT,vertical root fracture and different voxel sizes}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77083.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77083_1053b9427e5302fef362b63de1a5a672.pdf} } @article { author = {Basha, Soha}, title = {Impact of Topical Insulin on Oral Mucosal Wound Healing in Diabetic and Non Diabetic Rats}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {319-327}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2017.77085}, abstract = {Diabetes mellitus is a chronic, lifelong metabolic disorder. Impaired wound healing capabilities in both cutaneous and oral ulceration was denoted among diabetic patients. Topical treatments include natural therapeutic products as oxidized regenerated cellulose/collagen, hyaluronic acid conjugated with glycidyl methacrylate or gelatin dressings and insulin. Different studies have proved the efficacy of topical insulin on skin ulcers. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of topical insulin on oral ulcers in diabetic and non-diabetic rats through histological examinations.Material and methods: 48 male albino rats were used in this study, rat population was divided into diabetic and non-diabetic groups. Each group was subdivided into test subgroup treated by insulin and control subgroup treated by placebo. Histological examination was performed to rats sacrificed after 2, 7 and 14 days.Results: Better healing was observed in nondiabetic groups compared to diabetic groups. Improved healing was noticed in groups treated by insulin manifested by hyperplastic orthokeratinized epithelium with prominent granular cell layer, while ulceration was still denoted in the groups treated by plecebo. Conclusion: From the present study, it was concluded that topical insulin can be considered as a safe and effective treatment modality for oral ulcers.}, keywords = {diabetic,Histological,Insulin,placebo,topical,ulcer}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77085.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77085_ab3df4350734510247dbab768de57ee5.pdf} }