@article { author = {Hafez, Shereen}, title = {The effect of transtooth curing technique using different LED light intensities on microhardness and depth of cure of nanofilled resin composite restorations}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1389-1395}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77398}, abstract = {Aim: To evaluate the effect of different LED light intensities on microharness and depth of cure of nanofilled resin composite restorations using transtooth illumination technique with different thickness of buccal wall.Materials and methods: The materials used for this study was nanofilled resin composite material (Filtex Z350XT, 3M, ESPE) shade A3with its corresponding bonding system (single bond universal, 3M, ESPE). A total of 10 sound extracted human maxillary premolar teeth were used in this study. The teeth were divided into 2 main groups of 5 teeth each according to curing light intensities; either standard LED curing mode (800 mW/cm2) for 30 sec or high intensity LED curing mode (1400 mW/cm2) for 10 sec. In each tooth, 2 cavity preparations were performed; moderate cavity preparation width (1/3 intercuspal distance) in the mesial aspect of each tooth and wide cavity preparation (1/2 intercuspal distance) in the distal aspect. All specimens were light cured using transtooth curing technique from the buccal and lingual surfaces. Each tooth was sectioned in a mesio-distal direction into 2 equal halves. Surface Micro-hardness of the specimens was determined. The mean microhardness values and hardness ratio % of the specimens were calculated. One way analysis of variance ANOVA, Tukey’s post hoc and independent t tests were used to compare between more than 2 groups. The significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05.Results: The highest mean value for B/T ratio was recorded in Post. High I/3 ICD, whereas the lowest mean was recorded in Post.conv. I/3 ICD. ANOVA test revealed a significance difference between all groups (p<0.0001). Tukey’s post hoc test revealed no significant difference between the post high ½ ICD group and the post conv. 1/3 ICD group. Comparisons within the same groups revealed a significance difference within the post high groups, and within the post Conv. Groups (p= 0.0007, p=0.012 respectively. Moreover, there was a significant difference between the 1/3 subgroups (p<0.0001). However, the difference between the ½ ICD subgroups was not statistically significant (p=0.1174).Conclusions: Transtooth curing techniques is greatly affected by cavity width. Light intensity is critical factor that should be considered when performing transtooth curing techniques. High LED light intensity successfully able to perform optimum polymerization for resin composite in both cavity width (moderate and wide).}, keywords = {High LED light intensiy,transtooth curing,depth of cure,hardness ratio,nanofilled composite}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77398.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77398_1112edc617fc99223ddff0639570b059.pdf} } @article { author = {El Khourazaty, Nada and Darwish, Enas}, title = {Evaluation of bone height changes and biting forces in distal extension prosthesis with different denture base materials}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1397-1404}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77399}, abstract = {Statement of problems: Partially edentulous patients with distal extension (class I kennedy) show morphological changes in bone height that may be also associated with some difficulties during mastication.Purpose: The present study aim to evaluate the bone height changes around abutments and distal extension area with different denture base materials and to record and compare biting forces associated with it.Materials and methods: Ten partially edentulous patients (kennedy class I) were selected and received two unilateral partial dentures in a split mouth study design in which each patient received one partial denture with conventional metal framework with acrylic resin base and one partial denture with Acetal resin framework and resin denture base. Biting forces was measured using I Load star sensor. Digital radiography was used for bone height assessment at time of prosthesis insertion, 6 and 12 months later.Results: There was a statistically significant difference in bone changes between the conventional and the Acetal RPDs after one year. There was no statistically significant difference in biting forces between the two sides throughout the period of the study.Conclusion: Bone changes were significantly higher with the conventional acrylic partial denture and the Acetal partial denture showed more favorable results. Both types of unilateral partial dentures showed comparable biting forces after one year of clinical use. Keyword: Denture base materials, Removable partial denture, Biting forces, Bone changes.}, keywords = {Denture base materials,Removable Partial Denture,Biting forces,Bone changes}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77399.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77399_bc729401f99a38d80e3f63d17727a80a.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Homossany, Mahmoud and Abdallah, Hebatallah}, title = {Evaluation of Different Kinds Of Occlusal Splints Therapy in the Management of Myofascial Pain}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1405-1420}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77400}, abstract = {The aim of the study was to compare patient satisfaction with different types of stents using visual analogue scale and Pain report analysis.Materials and methods: Thirty dentulous patients were selected, based on the clinical examination, the patients were suffering from pain in the temporomandibular joint region that might be worse in the morning or associated with eating,tenderness of temporomandibular joint with palpation at rest and/or at function, pain and/or tenderness of masseter and temporalis muscle.The patients were randomly divided into three equal groups, ten patients in each group. Splints were constructed for the upper arch of each patient. Soft, hard and 3 Dprinted stents were fabricated. Pain intensity questionnaire (visual analogue scale) and Pain report analysis were used before treatment, after three months and six months.Results: Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze the ordinal scale date of the visual analogue scale and pain report analysis. There was significance difference between the three groups. (Soft, hard and three D printed) after three month and six month of using the stent. Wicoxon test was used to test for significance between the different groups at three months and six months. The Wilcoxon test for visual analogue scale at three months showed that the hard and 3D printed stent are statistically significant to soft splint. The same was for the six months period. While Wilcoxon test for pain report analysis at 3 months didn’t show any statistical significance between the three groups, while at six month there was statistical significance between the hard splint and the 3 D printed splint with the soft splint. Friedman’s test was used to compare between different time intervals inside the groups. There was a statistical significance between the three groups during the three months and six months interval time of the treatment.Conclusion: All patients improved over time. The results showed that both hard and soft splints are effective but the hard splint and the three D printed splints are more effective compared to soft splint.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77400.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77400_f5806724c7d9930080a3ac1346fdc363.pdf} } @article { author = {El Homossany, Mahmoud and Abdallah, Hebatallah}, title = {Comparing implant supported mandibular overdenture with conventional complete denture regarding occlusion and disocclusion time using T scan}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1421-1430}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77402}, abstract = {Aim of the study: to compare complete denture with implant supported overdenture regarding occlusion and disocclusion time using a T scan. Materials and methods: A crossover clinical trial was adopted,50 patients were selected for this study. The assessment was carried out with conventional complete dentures and then with the same dentures after loading of the implants. Computerized occlusal analysis using the T-Scan III system was conducted to perform baseline computer-guided occlusal adjustment for conventionally fabricated dentures. Recording of OT (occlusion time) and DT (Disocclusion time) right and left values using the T-Scan were subsequently carried out for all dentures, first without implants and then after implants loading. All T-Scan procedures were carried out by the same clinician. Results: Independent t test was used in this study because data was normally distributed. The OT values were recorded and a mean OT value was calculated for each subject, where the CD Complete denture group mean OT (0.49±(0.21)s which was about 0.13 s longer than the Implant Supported Over Denture(ISOD) mean OT (0.36±(0.19). The disocclusion time were for right 0.55± 0.25 for CD and 0.35± 0.32 for ISOVD, while on the left was 0.56±0.24 for CD and 0.37±0.27 for ISOVD. There were highly significant results between the two groups in Occlusion time and disocclusion RT and left 0.0016, 0.0007, 0.0003 respectively. Conclusion: Using the computerized analysis of the Occlusion Time, Implant supported over denture proved to be a better treatment option regarding occlusion and disocclusion time where timing decreased significantly after implant loading.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77402.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77402_a0d2e4125f21e85068d44e51902b311c.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd El Rahim, Neveen and Ashour, Asmaa}, title = {Effect of Platform Switched Implants on Supporting Structures of Mandibular Overdentures}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1431-1438}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77455}, abstract = {Twenty completely edentulous patients with age ranged between 50 and 60 years were selected for this study. Complete dentures were constructed for all patients. The patients were divided into two groups; ten patients each. The first group was received two platform switched implants (3.6 × 11.5 mm) in the canine regions of the mandible. The second group was received two platform matched implants (3.6 × 11.5 mm) in the canine regions of the mandible according to two stage surgical protocol. Radiographic and clinical evaluations were performed throughout the twelve months follow up. The result of the study revealed that there were no statistically significant differences in marginal bone loss between mandibular overdentures retained by two platform switched implants and that retained by two platform matched implants. Also, there were no statistically significant differences in pocket depth or implant mobility between two studied groups. This study concluded that platform switching didn’t influence marginal bone loss around implants or soft tissue supporting mandibular overdenture dentures. }, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77455.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77455_222f28dae549e3f4ed371616b6b51ca6.pdf} } @article { author = {Shaheen, Nasser and Elkhatat, Essam}, title = {EFFECT OF HYPERBARIC OXYGEN THERAPY ON osseointegration OF DENTAL IMPLANT RETAIN MANDIBULAR OVERDENTURES WITH BISPHOSPHONATE TREATED PATIENTS}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1439-1447}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77456}, abstract = {Aim of the study: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on success rate of implants used to retain mandibular overdentures and possibility of osteonecrosis of the jaw in Bisphosphonate treated osteoporotic patients.Materials and methods: Eight systemic free patients were selected as control group (CG) and eight osteoporotic patients treating with Bisphosphonate drugs orally more than two years were selected as study group (SG). For both groups, patients received mandibular implant retained overdentures with locator anchors following two stage surgical protocol. Patients of study group were received Hyperbaric oxygen thereby (HBO) after the first stage surgery, while those of control group were not received (HBO). Peri-implant marginal bone height and density were evaluated at six months (T6), twelve months (T12) after insertion using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT).Results: No failure of dental implants were recorded with 100% cumulative survival rates for both groups. Both groups showed increase in bone density and decrease in marginal bone height through a period of one year follow-up. However, the group that received HBO therapy showed less marginal bone loss and more increase in bone density than the control group.Conclusion: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is valuable and effective treatment for osteoporotic treated Bisphosphonate patients receiving implant retained mandibular overdentures as it eliminate the possibility of Bisphosphonate associated osteonecrosis of the jaw (BONJ), reduces bone loss and increase bone density around dental implant resulting in normal survival rate.}, keywords = {Hyperbaric oxygen,Bisphosphonate,Implant,overdenture}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77456.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77456_2ec8f596bc0ea98935b5ef7f357ef309.pdf} } @article { author = {Lotfy, Shaimaa and Thabet, Yasmine}, title = {Comparison Between Two Treatment Protocols For Completely Edentulous Maxilla Opposing Mandibular Kennedy Class I}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1449-1457}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77457}, abstract = {Objectives: This research was carried out to determine whether mandibular implant supported overdenture or maxillary implant supported overdenture is more effective in prevention of combination syndrome.Materials and Methods: Totally, fourteen patients with completely edentulous upper arch and mandibular bilateral distal extensions (Kennedy class I) with the canines or first premolar as the last standing tooth were selected to participate in this study. Inclusion criteria: Patients had well-formed residual ridge covered with dense fibrous connective tissue, Angle class I ridge relationship, and adequate inter arch space. Patients with systemic diseases that might affect the oral tissues or bone, neuromuscular disorders, temporomandibular joint disorders and smokers were excluded. Patients were randomly divided into two equal groups, Group I: patients were rehabilitated with mucosa supported maxillary complete denture and lower tooth-implant partial denture retained by two osseointegrated implants on each side of the lower arch in the first molar area and RPI direct retainer. Group II: patients were rehabilitated with implant retained and supported maxillary complete overdenture by four osseointegrated implants in the anterior maxillary area and tooth-tissue supported partial denture retained by RPI direct retainer. In this study, marginal bone height changes in the premaxillary region and mucosal thickness at the crest of maxillary ridge were evaluated at the time of prostheses insertion, six, twelve and eighteen months. Results: In this study, an insignificant difference was detected between the two groups at the different follow-up intervals, regarding marginal bone loss and mucosal thickness. After 18 months follow up, bone loss & mucosal thickness were 0.5±0.2, 0.6±0.3 mm for group I and 0.5±0.2, 0.3±0.2 mm for group II respectively. Although group II showed decrease in marginal bone loss and decrease in mucosal thickness compared to group I however difference between groups were statistically insignificant.Conclusion: Within the limitations of the number of studied patients and follow up period of this study it could be concluded that, preventing the degenerative oral changes that occurs when complete maxillary dentures opposes the Kennedy class I partial dentures may be possible through accurate treatment planning and, the development of stable posterior occlusion that controls of occlusal pressures on the anterior maxilla. Also, maxillary implant retained overdentures should be considered preferable treatment option, whenever the available bone quantity and quality permits.}, keywords = {Maxillary edentulous arch,Kennedy Class I,dental implant,marginal bone height and mucosal thickness}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77457.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77457_e330bd54d510f632a87b9d26ec6ce985.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghallab, Omaima and Wahsh, Marwa and Kamel, Mohamed}, title = {Assessment of Er, Cr: YSGG Laser Surface Treatment and Self-Adhesive Resin Cements Formulae on Microtensile Bond Strength to Various CAD/CAM Ceramic Esthetic}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1459-1472}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77459}, abstract = {Purpose: To assess the effect of Er,Cr:YSGG pulsed laser surface treatment versus hydrofluoric acid etching on microtensile bond strength ( µTBS) to three different types of CAD/CAM ceramic materials cemented with two self-adhesive resin cements. Materials and Methods: Ceramic slices (n=24) were prepared from three different types of CAD/CAM blocks: Vita Enamic (group: VE), IPS e.max CAD (group: EM) and Obsidian (group: OB). Two surface treatments were applied followed by silane primer: Er,Cr:YSGG laser (Subgroup ER) and hydrofluoric acid (Subgroup HF as a control). ESEM evaluation was performed before and after surface treatments, accompanied with measurement of roughness (Ra). Two self-adhesive resin cements were used: BisCem (Division BC) & Panavia SA Cement plus (Division PA). After 24 hours storage in distilled water, the ceramic-resin blocks were sectioned into micobeams. A total of 480 microbeams were subjected to (µTBS) testing. Data was tabulated and statistically analyzed. Results: ESEM revealed variations in surface texture. Regarding VE group, HF recorded statistically higher significant µTBS with PA. While, EM group, HF showed statistically higher significant µTBS for both cements compared to ER. OB group HF showed statistically higher significant µTBS with PA in contrast to ER which showed statistically higher significant µTBS with BC.Conclusions: The interaction of Er,Cr:YSGG pulsed laser with the surfaces of the tested CAD/CAM materials seemed to be different and dependent on the crystalline structure of these ceramics. Variation of the chemical formulae of self-adhesive resin cements played a great role in determining the µTBS to the tested CAD/CAM materials.}, keywords = {Ceramic- Er,Cr:YSGG laser- Resin cements- Microtensile Bond Strength}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77459.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77459_b518f1a0ccea8da5527799f9704b14f0.pdf} } @article { author = {Tannir, Marwa and Osman, Essam and Rayyan, Mohammad and Farghaly, Ehab}, title = {Fracture RESISTANCE and Color Stability of two hybrid ceramic veneers VERSUS LITHIUM DISILICATE GLASS CERAMIC VENEERS}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1473-1477}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77461}, abstract = {Purpose: To compare the color stability and fracture strength of two hybrid ceramic (Suprinity and Enamic) veneers versus Lithium Disilicate ceramic veneers.Materials and methods: Thirty freshly extracted maxillary central incisors were divided equally into three groups (n=10): group Em (IPS empress II, Ivoclar Vivadent) as a control, group VS (Suprinity, Vita Zahnfabrik), and group VE (Enamic, Vita Zahnfabrik). An incisal reduction of 1.5 mm was made with a butt-joint margin and 0.6 mm chamfer finish line was prepared on the labial surface of each specimen and on the middle of the proximal surfaces. Each group received different type of veneers according to the sample grouping. Using spectrophotometer (Nippon Densmoku industries), ΔE was recorded for each specimen before and after 15 days of immersion in a coffee solution considering the value of ΔE= 3.3 as clinically significant staining threshold. All the specimens were subjected to fracture strength test using universal testing machine (The Testometric Company Limited) using cross head speed of 0.5 mm/min at 135 degrees’ angle. One-way ANOVA and chi-square were used for statistical analysis.Results: Regarding the mean color stability between studied groups, group VS scored the least ΔE (3.52±2.46) followed by group VE (4.14±1.94) then group Em (4.49±2.45). On the other hand, group VS scored the highest fracture strength values (471.04±274.5) followed by group Em (442.13±236.1) then group VE (394.72±160.84). One-wayANOVA revealed no significant differences between groups in both color stability (P=0.636) and fracture strength (P=605).Conclusion: The tested hybrid ceramics could present an acceptable treatment option for fabricating ceramic veneers.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77461.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77461_89b8359d5e0245334753dde3e18c3b7b.pdf} } @article { author = {Nawar, Noha and Lotfy, Shaimaa}, title = {Radiographic Evaluation Of Two Treatment Modalities Of Resorbed Mandibular Ridge}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1479-1485}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77462}, abstract = {Objectives: The treatment plan is responsible for the design, number and position of the implants so the purpose of this study was to radiographically evaluate the success of two treatment options to overcome anatomical obstacles in resorbed mandible involving installing distal short implants versus All on 4 concept. Materials and Methods: Fourteen completely edentulous patients were selected according to certain criteria, and they were randomly allocated into two equal groups, Group I: patients had guided surgical installation of four implants following “All on 4 “concept and Group II: patients had guided surgical installation of two straight interforaminal implants (3.5x11 mm) and two distal short implants(4 x4mm). The implants in the two groups were monitored using cone beam computed tomography on loading ,6 month and one year later. Results: In this study, at the end of follow up period, there was statistically significant difference in the marginal bone height loss between the two group. The least bone loss was reported around the implants in group II. Conclusion: Within the limitation of the number of patients and the follow-up periods enrolled in this study, it was concluded that widely spread of implants is much better than limiting the spread of implants even for the same number of implants. Recommendation: The authors recommend further investigation on All on 4 concept with longer follow up periods}, keywords = {dental implant,All on 4,Short implant,AP spread,cantilever length}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77462.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77462_3a74f911e40dea7217903214bdb12a7f.pdf} } @article { author = {Hamed, Rehab and Ezzat, Mohamed and Elghandour, Inas}, title = {Silorane Based Resin Composite Versus Nanohybrid Resin Composite: Effect of pH of Storage Media on Volumetric Changes and Adaptability at Tooth/Restoration Interface}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1487-1498}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77464}, abstract = {This study compared dimensional stability and adaptability of two resin composites [Filtek P90 and Filtek Supreme XT] after storage in different pH media. Methods: For dimensional stability, cylindrical specimens were prepared either from Filtek P90 or Filtek Supreme XT. Specimens’ dimensions were measured before and after storage in neutral [pH7] or acidic saliva [pH 3.6] for 1 week, 1month or 3 months. Volumetric changes were calculated. For adaptability, 80 class V cavities were made in sound human teeth. The cavities were restored with Filtek P90 or Filtek supreme XT. The adaptation was evaluated using stereomicroscope; before and after storage in acidic or neutral saliva for 1 week,1 or 3 months. Results: Filtek P90 showed significantly higher contraction compared to Filtek Supreme XT only after 3 months storage. After 1 week or 1 month, the difference in volumetric changes between two material was statistically non-significant. The pH of storage media showed non-significant effect on volumetric changes of both composites. For adaptability to cavity walls in acidic saliva, no statistically significant difference was found between gap dimensions at tooth restoration interface for both Filtek P90 and Filtek Supreme XT. However, in neutral saliva, Filtek P90 showed statistically significantly higher mean gap dimensions than Filtek Supreme XT through all time storage. Conclusions: Silorane-based resin composite undergoes volumetric changes comparable to nanohybrid resin composite except on long term storage where it revealed contraction. The adaptation of silorane based composite was worse compared to that of nanohybrid composite in neutral pH media.}, keywords = {silorane based resin composite,volumetric changes,adaptation}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77464.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77464_2072325311fad80cb6069a80f9424e84.pdf} } @article { author = {Shakal, Mahmoud and Oraby, Hany}, title = {Comparative Flexural strength of two types of monolithic zirconium oxide long-span fixed partial dentures}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1499-1505}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77465}, abstract = {Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the flexural strength of two types of monolithic zirconium oxide long-span fixed partial dentures (FPDs). The monolithic materials used in the study were (InCoris TZI C and Bruxzir shaded 16). Readily prepared ivory teeth were used to simulate a 4-unit FPD with 22 mm span length. A total number of 40 FPDs 4 units FBDs were distributed into two main groups based on the construction material type, each counting 20 FPDs. Twenty FPDs were fabricated using InCoris TZI C (group 1) and the other twenty FBDs were fabricated using Bruxzir shaded 16 (group 2). FPDs were manufactured according to CAD/CAM technique. All specimens were stored in water for 24 hours and then subjected to 10,000 thermal cycles then mechanically loaded for 10.000 preloading cycles at loads between minimum 10 N and maximum 89N at 1HZ frequency. and then loaded until failure in a universal testing machine. The 3-point bending test was done to evaluate the flexural strength of the FPDs using Instron testing machine. Results. Bruxzir shaded 16 has recorded the highest mean of values at a level of (928.55 Mpa± 66.13), while those recorded for InCoris TZI C group of specimens were at the level of (845.21 Mpa±83.54). T-test revealed a highly statistical significant difference between both tested monolithic zirconia materials at the value level of P<0.001.}, keywords = {Bruxzir shaded 16,InCoris TZI C,flexural strength,long-span FPDs}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77465.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77465_75a99fc2f845d7fd442bf3e94ed2a9ea.pdf} } @article { author = {Eid, Bassem and Wally, Ahmed}, title = {Accuracy of two apex locators in calculating working length in molar primary teeth: An ex vivo study}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1507-1512}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77468}, abstract = {Aim: The purpose of this study is to compare the accuracy of Root ZX II and SIROEndo in calculating the working length (WL) in primary teeth.Methods: Twenty primary molars teeth planned for extraction were used, after access cavity preparation the actual working length for each root canal was measured, All root canals were then measured by using both devices. Difference between the electronic and actual canal lengths were calculated.Results: At the accuracy limit ± 0.5 mm showed there was no significant difference between both devices; the Root ZX II device showed accuracy 76.66% % while the SIROEndo Pocket showed accuracy 71.66%, when the difference was ± 1 mm. there was also no significant difference, the results were shown to be 98.33% for the Root ZX II device and 96.66% for the SIROEndo Pocket (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Both electronic apex locators (EAL) devices can be used as a reliable tool in measuring working length in primary molar teeth.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77468.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77468_cb7d7d8e65b6b680c59bb48fbd29fa0c.pdf} } @article { author = {Rashad, Hoda and Abutaleb, Faten}, title = {Effect of Nano silver as Additive by Different Ways to Acrylic Denture Base and its Role in Menopausal Woman Management}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1513-1522}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77473}, abstract = {Background and aim: Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is broadly used as a removable prosthesis denture base. Silver Nano-particles (AgNPs) had been included to PMMA because of their antibacterial homes and higher thermal conductivity, at the same time as it had a destructive effect on the flexural strength and coloration stability that is probably resulted from the inhomogeneous combination. The motive of this research changed into to discover whether the addition of (AgNPs)to PMMA either in liquid form or in powder nation can enhance the flexural strength and the shade balance of PMMA. Also evaluating an edentulous menopausal lady as a multidisciplinary control after wearing a denture made from silver nanoparticles added to (PMMA) denture base. Materials and methods: Fifty specimens of heat cure acrylic resin had been organized for flexural strength and color stability. Twenty-five for each test that become divided into 3 groups. Group 1 was the control group (unmodified acrylic resin specimens) and group 2 turned into Nano silver introduced within the form of powder to the polymer of (PMMA), while group 3 was Nano silver brought in the form of liquid to the monomer of (PMMA). Group 2 and 3 specimens had been break up into subgroups A and B 5 each, with 0.2%, and 0.4 % wt. of Nano silver addition to (PMMA) respectively. A flexural strength was measured via the usage of an Instron regular testing machine. A double beam ultra-violet visible spectrophotometer was checked to the degree of coloration stability. One edentulous menopausal woman that present process treatment below a gynecologist for menopausal signs and symptoms was selected as a case report and received denture made out of silver nanoparticles added to acrylic resin and patient satisfaction became evaluated after 4 months. The results have been gathered tabulated and statically analyzed. Results: There has been a massive distinction in the flexural power values among all corporations (p< 0.05) relative to the non-changed heat treatment (control group). Acrylic resin samples with 0.2% in liquid additive form (3A) ended in more flexural power then 0.4% addition (3B) in comparison to different changed groups .The samples with 0.4 % in powder form(2B) had a lowest flexural strength in comparison to the all groups (p< 0.05). In comparing the color variations (ΔE) comparable to control group, group 3A and group 3B, showed lowest color variations respectively. At the same time group 2Aand 2B ended in highest shade distinction . Conclusion: Set up on the effects of this results, modifying PMMA with Nano silver debris led to lower in flexural strength and shade stability, addition of Nano silver particles in liquid shape was higher than powder form as concerning flexural strength and better color difference and the addition percentage of 0.2 became better than 0.4. Menopausal pride turned into higher and her complain became managed with the new denture.}, keywords = {Acrylic resin,Nano silver-particle,flexural strength -color stability- menopausal woman}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77473.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77473_ab6b0302a4a572e15210484891e7b991.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Badawy, Adel and Abdel-Aziz, Mohammed}, title = {Effect of finish line level of all ceramic crown on stress distribution within dentin of maxillary central incisor with an abfraction lesion}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1523-1529}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77475}, abstract = {Purpose: to evaluate by means of three dimensional finite element analysis, the effect of finish line location on stress distribution on dentin of maxillary central incisor affected by abfraction lesion and covered with IPS e. max (Lithium di silicate) crown. Statement of the problem: In some cases of abfraction, the tooth need to be covered with full coverage crown, but, location of finish line may affect dentin integrity. Materials and Methods: 3D finite element model of unprepared maxillary central incisor was made. By deleting method, IPS e.max crown was designed and geometric dimensions of prepared tooth were introduced as the following guidelines, 2 mm incisal reduction, 1.5 mm reduction of labial surface and 1 mm circumferential shoulder finish line. The position of labial finish line was designed in three different levels apical to the upper margin of the abfraction lesion (0.5. 1.0 and 1.5 mm) forming three models to be tested (A, B and C) respectively in addition to unprepared control model. Results: For all tested four models, the calculated stresses with 125° applied load were higher than that with 60° with statistical significant differences. The calculated stresses at the control model in both directions of applied load were lower than that in other tested models (A, B and C) with statistical significant differences. For control model at 125° applied load, Von Mises equivalent stress value was (40.27 MPa), whereas, in case of 60° applied load, was (26.33 MPa). For model (A) where the finish line of IPS e.max crown is established 0.5 mm apical to the upper edge of the abfraction lesion, Von Mises equivalent stress values were (22.14 & 39.68 MPa) respectively. Conclusion: In all tested models, maximum stresses increased with increasing the angle of applied load, and model (B and C) provided more favorable stress distribution than that in model (A).}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77475.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77475_24481f39c149e7c7b51251154da063c8.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd El_Wahab, Ahmed and Ahmed, Ahmed and Tolba, Emad}, title = {Evaluation of patient satisfaction and prosthetic maintenance of fixed detachable prosthesis used as treatment modality in completely edentulous patient}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1531-1537}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77480}, abstract = {Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare patient satisfaction and prosthetic maintenance of fixed detachable prosthesis and conventional complete dentures.Materials and method: Eight completely edentulous patients received complete dentures for six months (Group I), then fixed detachable prostheses on four implants for the following six months (GroupII). For both designs, patient satisfaction using visual analogue scale (VAS) and prosthetic maintenance were evaluated.Results: Results of patient satisfaction parameters for group II were significantly higher than group I for retention, mastication and metallic taste. For aesthetics and hygiene, group|I showed better results than group II. However the difference was insignificant. Regarding prosthetic maintenance, the overall maintenance and service required for group I was greater than group II. Regarding base fracture, relining and occlusal adjustment, more service was needed for group I than group II. Hyperplasia under metal framework and around the abutment was more counted in group II. Excessive wear of the teeth was equally seen in both groups. However, in both groups, the other parameters required no maintenance.Conclusion: All patients included in this study were satisfied by both designs. However, more satisfaction was recorded by VAS for comfort, speech, retention and mastication in patients wearing fixed detachable prostheses. Regarding prosthetic maintenance, slightly more maintenance was required for conventional complete dentures.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77480.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77480_517f1f838d0dad803ca5fc577c99de07.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd El Moaty, Maha and Mohey Eldien, Mohamed}, title = {EFFECT OF AGING ON THE FLEXURAL STRENGTH OF TRANSLUCENT MONOLITHIC YTTRIA STABILIZED ZIRCONIA}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1539-1546}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.77482}, abstract = {Aim: the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of thermal cycling and mechanical loading on the flexural strength of: Zeno Star (T) a translucent monolithic Yttria stabilized zirconia (Y-TZP).Materials and Methods: a total number of 40 fully sintered bar – shaped specimens (18mm x 4mm x 1.2mm) were fabricated. The specimens were divided into 4 groups (n=10) according to the aging time: Group I: is the control group with no aging procedures and was tested after 24 hours. Group II: was subjected to thermal cycling (600 cycles) and load cycling 120.000 cycles equivalent to 6 months of clinical service. Group III: subjected to thermal cycling (1200 cycles) and load cycling 240.000 cycles equivalent to 1 year of clinical service. Group IV: subjected to thermal cycling 6000 thermal cycles and load cycles (1.200.000 cycles) equivalent to 5 years of clinical service. For thermal cycling, all specimens were transferred in hot and cold water baths between 5 and 55°C in one minute cycle for each bath with dwell time of 30 seconds. The flexural strength was determined by three points bending test in a universal testing machine at a cross head speed of 1mm/min. Tertragonal to monoclinic transformations due to thermal cycling and mechanical loading (LTD) was identified with X-ray diffraction (XRD).Results: Comparing the flexural strength of the tested specimens, the mean flexural strength of zirconia in group II (representing six months of clinical service) was significantly higher (1563.7±103.8 MPa ) than that of the control (group I) (1009.7±107.2 MPa) Thermal cycling and mechanical loading equivalent to one year of clinical service (group III) led to significant decrease in the flexural strength (1381±295 MPa) The lowest flexural strength was determined in group IV (833.7±15.2 MPa) where zirconia was subjected to thermal cycling and mechanical loading equivalent to 5 years of clinical service. The relative XRD peak intensity showed that there were some monoclinic transformations at the end of the aging period which is equivalent to 5 years of clinical service.Conclusions: Thermal cycling and mechanical loading caused a reduction in the mean flexural strength at the period equivalent to one year of clinical service. Further decrease of the flexural strength occurred following aging at the period simulating 5 years of clinical service with some phase transformation from tetragonal to monoclinic.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77482.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77482_60e659c49b968171911ebeaf9e2e7c86.pdf} } @article { author = {Attia, Reham}, title = {TWO YEARS CLINICAL EVALUATION OF A BULK FILL COMPOSITE RESIN COMPARED WITH A NANOHYBRIDE INCREMENTAL FILL COMPOSITE RESIN IN CLASS ΙΙ CAVITIES}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1547-1559}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78098}, abstract = {Abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the two years clinical performance of a bulk fill composite and conventional nanohybride incremental fill composite in class II cavities. Materials and methods: A total of 60 class Π cavities were restored with either bulk fill material (Tetric EvoCeram bulk fill) and self-etch adhesive (AdheSE adhesive) or an incremental resin composite (Tetric N-Ceram Nano-hybrid) and self-etch adhesive (AdheSE adhesive). In group Ι: The restorative material Tetric EvoCeram Bulk-Fill was applied in one bulk. In group Π: Tetric N-Ceram Nano-hybrid was applied using an incremental filling technique starting at the gingival wall. All restorations were clinically evaluated at periods of 1 week (initial recall), after six months, after one year, after eighteen months and at the end of two years. Assessment was done according to the modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria. Data were statistically analyzed using Friedman test and Fisher’s exact at P<0.05 level of significance. Results: There was no significant difference between group Ι and group Π regarding all tested criteria at different follow up periods; where P > 0.05. Conclusion: Bulk fill composite (Tetric EvoCeram bulk fill) and incremental fill composite resin (Tetric N-Ceram Nano-hybrid) exhibited comparable acceptable clinical performance after two years of evaluation}, keywords = {Bulk fill composite,Clinical evaluation,Incremental fill}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78098.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78098_bd0a30e0c89f55c78e20a051335837f9.pdf} } @article { author = {Al Mandouh, Hossam and Alzayat, Inas}, title = {SEALING OF BONDED RESIN COMPOSITE TO GINGIVAL WALL FOLLOWING APPLICATION OF TWO HEMOSTATIC AGENTS USING TWO ADHESIVE PROTOCOLS: AN INVITRO STUDY}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1561-1570}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78099}, abstract = {Aim: To evaluate the microleakage of self-etch adhesive used with and without pre-etching step, on human dentin contaminated with two different hemostatic agents. Materials and methods Thirty human premolars were collected and class V cavities with standard dimensions were prepared at the cemento-enamel junction on both buccal and lingual surfaces, with the gingival margin is totally placed in dentin. All specimens were randomly assigned into three groups according to the hemostatic agent used (A); A0: No hemostatic agent applied (control group). A1: Hemostop (Dentsply). A2:ViscoStat® (Ultradent). Each group was furtherly subdivided into two subgroups according to the adhesive protocol used (B); B1: Pre-etching was performed. B2: Pre-etching was not performed. The resultant will be six subgroups, each of them was formed of five teeth with 10 cavities (n=10). Filtek™ Z350 XT nano resin was used to restore all cavities according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Teeth were exposed to a thermocycling procedure, thereafter, they were stored in artificial saliva for two years. After immersion in 2% methylene blue dye, Microleakage was measured using USB Digital microscope with a built-in camera connected with an IBM compatible personal computer using a fixed magnification of 40X. Results: A two-way unrelated ANOVA showed significant main effects (p=0.0001) for hemostatic agent, with large effect size η2=86.5%, adhesive protocol with medium effect size η2=68.6%, and the interaction between hemostatic agent and adhesive protocol but with small effect size η2=34.2%.The Duncan post-hoc test revealed a significant difference between all groups except between the groups of Viscosat with pre-etching adhesive protocol (0.54 ± 0.03) on one hand and Hemostop with and without pre-etching adhesive protocol (0.53 ± 0.02) and (0.61 ± 0.04), respectively on the other hand (p > 0.05 ). Conclusions: 1. Contamination with hemostatic agents adversely affected the bonding qualities of self etch adhesives applied with and without pre etching step. 2. Dentin etching prior to self etch adhesives minimized the harmful effect of the hemostatic agents}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78099.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78099_41ebfea807973d40ab66bd1ae40fa290.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd El Moaty, Maha and Azer, Amir}, title = {EVALUATION OF FRACTURE RESISTANCE AND FIT ACCURACY OF THREE TYPES OF CAD/CAM FABRICATED CROWNS USING CONE BEAM COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1571-1586}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78100}, abstract = {Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the internal and marginal fit accuracy using cone beam computerized tomography as an innovative nondestructive method and to assess the fracture resistance of the recently introduced zirconia reinforced lithium silicate glass ceramic in comparison to lithium disilicate and monolithic zirconia. Materials and Methods: Three types of CAD/ CAM ceramic blocks were used; zirconia reinforced lithium silicate glass ceramics (Vita Suprinity), lithium disilicate glass ceramic (IPS e.max CAD) and partially sintered translucent zirconia (In-Coris TZI). A ceramic master die was fabricated and scanned using the Cerec Omnicam to produce a total number of 30 crowns, which were divided into 3 groups (n = 10) according to the ceramic material used . Group I: Vita Suprinity. Group II: IPS e.max CAD and Group III: In- Coris TZI. A highly computerized cone beam tomography (CBCT) was used to evaluate the fit accuracy of the crowns on the master die. For fracture resistance test, epoxy resin dies were optically scanned using Omnicam scanner and 30 crowns were fabricated using the CAD/ CAM ceramic materials (n = 10) for each tested material. The crowns were cemented using self-adhesive resin cement. A compressive load was applied at a cross head speed of 1mm/min and the fracture load in Newtons was recorded for each specimen. Fractured crowns were examined to determine the mode of fracture. Results: Marginal and internal fit evaluation showed that group I (Vita Suprinity) recorded the least mean in respect to all measuring points (103.6±10.4μm), while group III (In Coris TZI) showed the highest mean in respect to all points (146.7±9.23μm). For fracture resistance, In Coris TZI zirconia showed the highest fracture load (4548.9±200.9 N), while the lowest mean value was recorded in Vita Suprinity (3484.8±22.17 N). There was no significant difference between Vita Suprinity and IPS e.max CAD. Conclusion: Vita Suprinity crowns showed the best marginal and internal fit when compared to the other two materials. In- Coris TZI exhibited the highest fracture strength of all three groups. All values were within a clinically acceptable range for the three ceramic materials tested}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78100.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78100_4ecbb9e140408c09dd184a95eaab4e98.pdf} } @article { author = {Alkhodary, Mohamed}, title = {VIRTUAL EVALUATION OF COMPLETE DENTURES SMILE ANATOMICAL RELATIONSHIPS}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1587-1595}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78101}, abstract = {Introduction: Esthetics is becoming more important to completely edentulous patients than ever before, and more of them are asking for the smile of movie stars. The purpose of this study was to adopt the Digital Smile Design (DSD) software as a new method for complete dentures smile evaluation, that is more reliable than the subjective judgement of the dentist, the patient, or the patients’ relatives. Material and Methods: Sixty patients, 22 females and 38 males, already having their dentures, ranging 40 to 70 years old agreed to participate in this study, where they were photographed in a smiling and a lip retracted position. The photographs were evaluated by one examiner who used a DSD software called Digital Smile System (DSS). Evaluation included coincidence of the dentures midline with that of the face, parallelism of the incisal maxillary plane to the inter pupillary line (IPL), and equality of the width of the maxillary 6 anterior teeth with the inter alar width (IAW) of the nose. Patients were also asked about their acceptance of the dentures teeth forms and color. Results of this study were statistically analyzed using the package for social science (SPSS version 20 for windows) where the data were displayed in the form of frequencies and percentages, and comparisons between the study groups were carried out using Chi Square test at significance level p<0.05. Results: The midline of the maxillary dentures was coincident with the midline of the face in 48 patients, and had a statistically significant relationship with the maxillary incisal plane (p≤.001), which was parallel to the IPL in 41 patients, whether it followed the lower lip line or not. These centrally aligned midline of the dentures also had a significant relationship with the combined width of the maxillary incisors and canines (p=.001) when it was equal to the IAW in 50 of the patients. Teeth forms were accepted by 47 patients with no gender significant difference (p=.879), and 42 patients preferred a whiter shade with a significant difference for the females (p ≤.035). Conclusions: The midline of the face and width of the nose helped correct selection of the width of maxillary incisors, and the inter pupillary line helped to properly orient their plane. Patients opinion regarding their teeth form and color must be taken into consideration carefully. The DSD software presented a simple and a reliable method to evaluate and create the complete denture smile. Complete denture smile conforms to the principles of DSD as it originated from the same biometric references. }, keywords = {Digital Smile Design (DSD),Complete Dentures Smile}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78101.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78101_178fc25266fc936f1369bf5c2b2347e3.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel-Khalek, Elsayed and Ibrahim, Abdullah and Aboelmaaty, Wael}, title = {INFLUENCE OF DENTURE PALATAL CONTOURING ON THE OROPHARYNGEAL SPACE IN COMPLETE DENTURE WEARERS: A CROSS-OVER RADIOGRAPHIC STUDY}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1597-1606}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78102}, abstract = {Objectives: The aim of this 2- years cross-over study was to radiographically compare the influence of palatal contouring of maxillary denture on oro-pharyngeal airway space. Methods: The study was conducted on 20 healthy patients who were completely edentulous in the maxilla and mandible. All patients were randomly allocated in two equal groups to receive a mandibular denture opposed by a maxillary denture with either an arbitrary contoured palate (ACP) or a functional contoured palate (FCP) at the start of the study. The maxillary denture was exchanged after 1 year from insertion. The oropharyngeal volume (OPV) and minimum cross sectional area (CSA) were measured by using CBCT. Results: After 12 months of denture insertion, the mean OPV was more with FCP (29.9±3.1cm3) compared to ACP denture (24.9±2.2 cm3), also the mean CSA was more with FCP denture (363.7±67.3mm2) compared to ACP denture (286.5±65.8mm2). There was a high positive correlation between OPV and CSA with FCP denture ( r=0.90) and ACP denture (r= 0.61). Conclusion: Within this limited study, fabricating a complete denture with functionally contoured palatal surface may have a positive role in maintaining the oropharyngeal airway patency especially in old patients}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78102.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78102_c185ee51b0956fd792b9a1d5115e3097.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Sherbini, Nancy and Helmy, Mai}, title = {EFFECT OF SANDBLASTING ON CADMIUM FREE COMPLETE DENTURE RETENTION}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1607-1612}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78394}, abstract = {This study was performed to compare the impact of the sandblasting on the retention of the complete dentures made from two different denture base materials. Materials and methods: Twenty patients were selected to construct complete dentures with the fitting surface treated by sandblasting using alumina particles 50μ in diameter. They were randomly divided into two groups: Group A patients received complete dentures constructed from (poly methyl methacrylate) PMMA long cycle heat cure acrylic resin & Group B: Patients received complete dentures constructed from cadmium-free heat cured acrylic resin. The retention was measured for the two denture base materials (cadmium free and cadmium containing materials before and after sandblasting the fitting surface using Digital force gauge. Results: There was statistically significant increase in the retention values of the cadmium free material than that of the conventional material before and after sandblasting}, keywords = {Denture base materials,retention,Sandblasting}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78394.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78394_1f0e9729bddd80b8423bad15bc314a6d.pdf} } @article { author = {Ebrahim, Mohamed and Syam, Alaa and Mohamed, Shukry and Hassan, Ahmed and Douidar, Weam}, title = {EFFECT OF USING Er: YAG LASER TOOTH PREPARATION ON MICROLEAKAGE OF PORCELAIN LAMINATE VENEERS}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1613-1622}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78395}, abstract = {The Er: YAG laser was proven to successfully ablate enamel. This study was aimed to investigate the applicability of using this laser in preparing the enamel surface for porcelain laminate veneering in comparison with the high speed handpiece regarding the fracture strength loading of the veneers. Twenty human maxillary central incisors extracted were selected. They were divided into two equal groups [group I and group II], group I: High speed handpiece prepared specimens and group II: Er: YAG laser prepared specimens for measuring microleakage by a binocular stereomicroscope. The results of the microleakage assessment showed significant difference in the microleakage scores at the incisal margins of [Gr. I (group I)] the high speed handpiece compared to [Gr. II (group II)] the Er: YAG laser and significance comparing the microleakage scores at the cervical margins of both groups (Gr. I) and (Gr. II). Also, there were significant differences comparing incisal to those at the cervical margins of (Gr. I) the high speed handpiece, while in (Gr. II) the Er:YAG laser group, a marked significant difference were found between the microleakage scores at the incisal margins compared to the cervical margins. Conclusion: The difference in microleakage assessment between laser and the high speed hand piece specimens was significant and affect the longevity of the porcelain laminate veneers}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78395.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78395_d1bd4f5dada4ec0e2c1f4602580dac94.pdf} } @article { author = {shakal, Mahmoud and Oraby, Hany}, title = {TRANSLUCENCY EVALUATION OF ZIRCONIA LITHIUM SILICATE AND LITHIUM DISILICATE GLASS CERAMIC WITH DIFFERENT THICKNESSES PRE AND POST CEMENTATION}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1623-1630}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78396}, abstract = {OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate translucency of zirconia lithium silicate and lithium disilicate glass ceramic with different thicknesses, pre and post cementation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 120 Specimens of the current study were fabricated out of the two tested materials each counting N=60, A1 (translucent) shades of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass ceramic (ZLS, Vita Suprinity, Vita Zahnfabrik, Germany) and A1(translucent) lithium disilicate glass ceramics (Rosetta SM, Korea). Specimens had a uniform rectangular shape with standard dimensions of 15 mm length and 10 mm width. Specimens of each material groups were distributed into three main groups based of specimen’s thickness 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm each of these groups were further distributed into two subgroups based on translucency testing timing before or after cementation each counting 10 specimens. Specimens were fabricated by sectioning the ceramic blocks using a precision saw (IsoMet 4000, Buehler) under copious water coolant. Specimens final dimensions were confirmed with digital caliper. SPECTRO UV-Vis-Double BEAM spectrophotometer with an integrating sphere was used to evaluate the total transmittance of light as a percentage (Tt%) at a wavelength of 532 nm for comparison among groups. RESULTS: In the present study, translucency values at 0.5mm and 1 mm thicknesses LDS were higher than those recorded for ZLS at the same thicknesses. While with 1.5 mm thick specimens the translucencies of both ZLS and LDS materials were fairly similar. CONCLUSIONS: From the outcome of the current study, the following conclusions could be drawn out 1. The thinner the ceramic veneering layer, the greater will be the impact of the underlying shade on the final shade of the restoration. 2. The translucency values recorded for the translucent zirconia materials were not only almost close to those of the lithium disilicate ceramic material, but also comparable to the translucency values reported for enamel or dentin of similar thicknesses.}, keywords = {Vita Suprinity,Rosetta SM,UV-Vis spectrophotometer}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78396.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78396_93a29e8b27a15df68dfdbd8f9fa8822a.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohamed, Mohamed}, title = {EVALUATION OF THE MARGINAL INTEGRITY OF ALL-CERAMIC CROWNS FABRICATED WITH DIGITAL AND CONVENTIONAL}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1631-1638}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78397}, abstract = {Aim : The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the marginal gap discrepancy of lithium disilicate single crown fabricated with computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology by using both conventional and digital impression techniques Materials & Methods: Lithium disilicate crowns were fabricated to fit on metal die either by digital impressions with Cerec 3D omnicam, followed by milling from IPS e.max CAD and conventional impression followed by fabrication of IPS e.max Press by using the lost-wax and heat-pressing techniques. Each crown was fixed to metal die and the marginal gap was measured for each specimen at 3 points under magnification with a stereomicroscope. Data were statistically analyzed by T test. Results: The all ceramic specimens fabricated by digital image had a mean marginal adaptation width 79.9 μm buccally and 77.1 μm lingually, and the all ceramic specimens fabricated by conventional impression had a mean marginal adaptation width 84.6 μm buccally and 84.4 μm lingually with a significant difference. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this study, all-ceramic crowns produced by CAD/ CAM system had external marginal adaptation accuracy better than all-ceramic crowns produced by dental laboratory with statistical significant difference }, keywords = {CAD/CAM,Dental laboratory,All-Ceramic crowns,external Marginal adaptation}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78397.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78397_d838413ac1994c70566196a208a89f88.pdf} } @article { author = {Siddiq, Adel and Rayyan, Mohammad and Segaan, Lucette and Farghaly, Ehab and Hamza, Ghada}, title = {FAILURE MODE OF 2 FIBER POSTS BONDED USING 3 DIFFERENT ADHESIVE SYSTEMS}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1639-1645}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78399}, abstract = {Purpose: evaluate the bond strength of 2 fiber post systems to root canal dentine using 3 different protocols of dual-cure resin cements. Materials and methods: Fifty-four freshly extracted human mandibular premolars were decoronated and endodontically treated. Post spaces were prepared to a depth of 8 mm and width of 1.3 mm, using manufacture’s supplied drills. Teeth were randomly assigned into 2 groups (n= 27), according to fiber post light-transmission: group I; non-light transmitting fiber posts (Reforpost, Angelus; Brasil), group II; light transmitting fiber post (Exacto, Angelus; Brasil). Each group were further divided into 3 subgroups (n=9) according to the adhesive protocol used (subgroup A; “SpeedCEM” self-adhesive, subgroup B; “Multilink Automix” self-etch, subgroup C; “Variolink II” total etch); “Ivoclar Vivadent; Liechtenstein”. Using low speed saw (IsoMet, BUEHLER Worldwide Headquarters; USA), a 2 mm thickness coronal, middle and apical sections were obtained from each sample. All specimens were subjected to push out test using Instron machine (Lloyd Instruments Ltd; UK), until failure. Specimens were investigated under the stereomicroscope (BM1000; Jiangan Novle Optics Co., China) to study the mode of failure. Data was collected and statistically analyzed. Results: In non-light transmitting group (GI); self-etch scored highest cohesive values (13), followed by self-adhesive (7) and finally total-etch (6). Regarding light transmitting group (GII); highest score was found in total-etch (11), followed by self-etch (8), and finally the self-adhesive(1). Conclusions: Self-etch resin cement with a non-light transmitting fiber post might be a good choice to be used}, keywords = {Self-etch resin cement with a non-light transmitting fiber post may be a good restorative choice for endodontically treated teeth}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78399.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78399_531b2cfb71f8e133af0a473f60815fed.pdf} } @article { author = {Telyani, Sara and Osman, Esam and Rayyan, Mohammad and Farghaly, Ehab and Hamza, Ghada}, title = {SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC ANALYSIS AND FRACTURE RESISTANCE OF SUPER AND ULTRA TRANSLUCENCY ZIRCONIA VERSUS LITHIUM DISILICAET GLASS CERAMICS}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1647-1652}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78454}, abstract = {Purpose: To compare the translucency and fracture resistance of crowns fabricated using 3 different ceramic materials. Materials and Methods: A human maxillary right premolar was prepared to a 0.4 mm chamfer finish line, with 6 degrees convergence angle and 1.5 mm occlusal clearance. Using industrial silicon (Body Double, Smooth-On), a mold was poured to construct 20 identical resin dies. After scanning the resin dies, 10 ultratranslucency monolith zirconia (UTZ) crowns and 10 supertranslucency monolith zirconia (STZ) crowns were milled and sintered according to manufacturer directions. The same premolar was further prepared to a 0.6mm chamfer finish line, and 10 resin dies were constructed and scanned using same technique to perform ten IPS e.max crowns which were milled accordingly and sintered according to manufacturer directions. All specimens were tested for translucency using spectrophotometer (Nippon Densmoku industries). All specimens were then subjected to fracture resistance test using universal testing machine (The Testometric Company Limited), at cross head speed 0.5 mm/min, with force direction 90 degrees angle to the occlusal table, at the central fossa. Results: Viewing the mean of translucency between studied groups, group STZ scored the highest TP (21.03±4.41), followed by group UTZ (19.42±4.31), then group IPS e.max (19.29±4.49). Regarding mean fracture strength, group UTZ scored the highest value (1009.91±360.20 N) followed by group STZ (847.18±329.92 N) then group IPS e.max (821.51±175.69 N). One-way ANOVA revealed no significant difference between groups in either translucency (P=0.621) or fracture strength (P=0.328). Conclusions: The two tested hybrid ceramics could present an acceptable treatment option for fabricating monolith ceramic crowns. There was no significant difference in either translucency or fracture resistance between all tested groups.}, keywords = {IPS e.max,ultratranslucency zirconia,supertranslucency zirconia,translucency,Fracture resistance}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78454.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78454_9a9fa9a976c3baf79ab094d68a65d657.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd El Halim, Sahar}, title = {COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SHEAR BOND STRENGTH OF A BIOACTIVE COMPOSITE AND NANO-COMPOSITE: AN IN VITRO STUDY}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1653-1659}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78402}, abstract = {Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine and compare the shear bond strength of activa bioactive restorative with and without adhesive and nano-composite. Materials and Methods: Sixty freshly extracted human premolars were used. The teeth were mounted vertically in a self-cure acrylic cylinder. A high-speed fine diamond disk with copious wa­ter spray was used to obtain a flat dentin of the labial surface. One clinician prepared all the teeth. The teeth were divided into three groups twenty teeth each, n=20 Group I : The flat dentin surfaces were acid-etched for 15 sec with 37% phosphoric acid, it washed and dry then application of bioac­tive composite into a plastic ring measuring 3mm width and 2 mm depth. Each specimen was light cured for 40 sec by LED light cure unit. Group II: The flat dentin surfaces were acid-etched and then two coats of bonding agent was applied over each specimen and light cured for 20 sec. then application of bioactive composite. Group III (Control): The flat dentin surfaces were acid-etched and application of bonding agent then nano-composite applicated into a plastic ring measuring 3mm width and 2 mm depth. Each specimen was light cured for 40 sec by LED light cure unit. All of the specimens were tested for shear bond strength and all of the data were analyzed by One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: Results showed that the highest mean value was detected in Nanocomposite, fol­lowed by bioactive composite with adhesive, the mean shear bond strength of Nanocomposite and composite with adhesive was significantly greater than bioactive composite without adhesive (p<0.0001). Conclusions: Nanocomposite showed higher shear bond strength followed by bioactive com­posite with adhesive, while bioactive composite without adhesive showed the lowest shear bond strength value }, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78402.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78402_b15d75048527a357e2fa0d357f575f95.pdf} } @article { author = {Kamha, Soliman}, title = {ANATOMICAL STUDY OF THE MESIOBUCCAL ROOT IN MAXILLARY FIRST MOLAR WITH DIFFERENT METHODS IN EGYPTIAN POPULATION}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1661-1672}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78404}, abstract = {Aim: to study the canal anatomy and its variations of mesiobuccal root of maxillary first molar using visual, CT, CBCT, and staining and clearing. Materials and Methods: Three hundred extracted permanent maxillary first molar teeth were selected for this study. Mesio-buccal roots were resected 1 mm coronal to the trifurcation level. The orifices of the canals were located with a size 10 K-type file which was passively advanced into the canals until the tip of the instrument penetrated the apical foramen for visual examination. The number of orifices and apical foramina in each root were recorded. All roots were embedded in a sheet of pink wax with vertical orientation and arranged in their numbers to facilitate three dimensional CT and CBCT scan and the data were stored on a magnetic optical disc. Both, CT and CBCT images were assessed by a calibrated dental radiology specialist blinded to the order of roots using Vitrea 2 V 3.8 imaging software. India ink was injected into the orifices of the root canals with a plastic disposable endodontic irrigating syringe with a 27-G needle with suction tip which was placed at the root apex to draw the ink through the root canal system. All roots were decalcified with 5% hydrochloric acid for three days, dehydrated in ascending concentrations of ethanol (75%, 85%, 96% and 100%) for four hours each, and transparent specimens were obtained by immersing the dehydrated roots in methyl salicylate solution, in which the roots were stored until they were examined. The data regarding root canal morphology of each sample from all evaluation methods were tabulated and compared statistically. Results: There were significant differences between the four methods used for studying the root canal anatomy of mesiobuccal root of first maxillary molars as regarding the number of canals, number of orifices, number of apical foramina, presence of lateral accessory canals and intercanal communications. Roots with three canals and three orifices and opened apically with two foramina showed no significant differences between the four methods. Also, with Kappa test, there was good and fair agreement between CBCT & CT and CBCT & staining and clearing respectively. Conclusion: the most detailed information can be obtained in-vitro by staining and clearing and high resolution CT and CBCT methods which are commonly used as a diagnostic aid in clinical endodontics}, keywords = {CT,CBCT,Staining and clearing,canal anatomy}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78404.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78404_5e232e8884f6ff2b7769a864c1789827.pdf} } @article { author = {El Wakeel, Aliaa and Fadel, Mona and El Baz, Maha}, title = {CLINICAL EVALUATION OF TWO DIFFERENT BLEACHING SYSTEMS (FLASH AND ZOOM) ON POST BLEACHING HYPERSENSITIVITY (A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL)}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1673-1680}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78406}, abstract = {The aim of the present study was to evaluate the bleaching hypersensitivity of two bleaching systems (Flash and Zoom) during and one week after the bleaching session. Methods: A total of 40 patients age (20-40) were selected from the outpatient clinic of the Faculty of Dentistry, M.S.A University. The patients were divided into two groups, 20 patients for each bleaching system, either Flash or Zoom. Each bleaching system was applied according to the manufacturer’s instructions. During each bleaching session each patient was given a chart to record the degree of teeth sensitivity during each session. In addition, after finishing the bleaching sessions each patient was given another chart divided into seven days and each day the post bleaching hypersensitivity was also recorded. The hypersensitivity was given a score from 0 (no post bleaching hypersensitivity) to 10 (very high). Results: Statistical analysis of this clinical trial revealed that there was no statistically significant difference between the two bleaching systems (Flash and Zoom). In both bleaching systems the post bleaching hypersensitivity was felt only for the first 24 hours after bleaching and scored a maximum scale of two.}, keywords = {Power bleaching- post bleaching hyper hypersensitivity- Zoom-Flash}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78406.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78406_2dc5e3c706267f8310cda32e45590dd3.pdf} } @article { author = {Adel A. Aziz, Ahmed and Mahmoud, Hebat Allah}, title = {MICRO SHEAR BOND STRENGTH ASSESSMENT OF TWO DIFFERENT ADHESIVE SYSTEMS BONDED TO DIFFERENT DENTIN SUBSTRATES}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1681-1690}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78408}, abstract = {This in-vitro study assessed micro shear bond strength of two different adhesive systems bonded on different dentin substrates. Fifteen freshly extracted human molars with coronal dentin caries were collected for this study. The roots were sectioned to expose the pulp chamber. The crown segment was then centrally glued using a cyanoacrylate adhesive to a circular Teflon plate of 10 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness. The occlusal portion of crown segments were ground flat to expose flat dentin surface parallel to the occlusal plan. Caries detector dye was used to identify caries-infected, caries-affected (CAD) and normal dentin (ND). For further confirmation, dye permeability test was applied to detect CAD. Specimens were divided into two main groups (30 each) according to the type of the adhesive system used: A1 (Adper Scotchbond Multipurpose adhesive) control group and A2 (Universal adhesive system). Each group was subdivided into two subgroups (15 specimens each) according to the type of dentin substrate used: D1 (ND) and D2 (CAD). Four resin composite microcylinders were built over each specimen in both substrates. A total of 60 composite microcylinders with prepared dentin surface containing both ND and CAD were used in the study. Each was polymerized using light curing unit. All specimens were subjected to micro-shear bond strength (μSBS) testing using a special universal testing machine (Model LRX-plus; Lloyd instruments Ltd., Ferham, UK). Data was then recorded, tabulated and statistically analyzed. Single bond Universal adhesive system (20.0 ± 96.7 MPa) showed statistically significantly lower mean μSBS than Adper Scotchbond Multipurpose adhesive systems (22.0 ± 10.4 MPa) (P=0.008). Micro-shear bond strength (μSBS) of ND substrate (24.3 ± 8.4 MPa) showed higher statistically significant values than that of CAD (19.4 ± 7.8 MPa) (P=0.001*). Two way ANOVA results showed statistical significant effect for the adhesive systems (Adper Scotchbond Multipurpose and Single bond Universal Adhesive) [p=0.008], dentin substrates (ND and CAD) [p<0.001] and the interaction between the variables had a statistically significant effect on the mean micro-shear bond strength. In conclusion, the type of substrate and bonding strategies affects the bonding performance and durability of restorations in dentistry}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78408.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78408_af0be8b3cba974c075233a51b8f9a962.pdf} } @article { author = {El -Dosoky, Ahmed and Elbahrawy, Eman}, title = {EFFICACY OF ATRAUMATIC RESTORATIVE TREATMENT USING GLASS IONOMER CONTAINING CHLOROHEXIDINE: IN VIVO AND IN VITRO STUDY}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1691-1698}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78410}, abstract = {Introduction: The atraumatic restorative treatment (ART)considered a trusted and effective approach to the control of carious lesions.Since the ART approach using glass ionomer (GICs) the use of antimicrobial agents(chlorhexidine) in combination with restorative materials are being developed for reducing the frequency and severity of secondary caries. hence, it is preferable to keep an optimum chlorhexidine concentration to maintain its antimicrobial effect without affecting GICs’ mechanical performance. Aim of the study: This study was planned to evaluate the antibacterial activity and mechanical properties of the glass ionomer containing different concentrations of chlorhexidine. Material and methods: In vivo study: Sixty children aged 7-9 years old were included in this studywith at least onecavitated dentin carious lesion in occlusal surfacesin primary teeth.these children were randomly divided into three equal treatment groups. Group I: atraumatic restorative treatment approach using a conventional glass ionomer cement. Group II: atraumatic restorative treatment approach using glass ionomer containing1% chlorhexidine. Group III: atraumatic re­storative treatment approach using glass ionomer containing 2% chlorhexidine. A sample was taken from the affected dentine using a sterile sharp small-size hand excavator at baseline and after 7 days. All samples were inoculated for the selective isolation of mutans streptococci, and lactobacilli. In vitro study: Fifteen cylindrical specimens for each group were prepared and tested for their compressive strength, diametral compressive strength and microhardness. Results: The percentage reduction in mean and standard deviation (SD) of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli between treatment groups revealed that there were statistically significant differences between three groups (P= 0.01, P= 0.02).Tukey post hoc test revealed that the main difference was between glass ionomer containing chlorohexidine and conventional glass ionomer while there was no statistically significant difference between glass ionomer containing 1% and 2% chlorohexidine. The comparison of the mechanical properties among the three groups in term of compressive strength, diametral compressive strength and microhardness showed no statistically significant differences between conventional glass ionomer and glass ionomer containing 1% or 2% chlorohexidine. Conclusion: Glass ionomers containing chlorhexidine displayed superior antibacterial activity than conventional glass ionomers without affecting the mechanical properties of glass ionomer}, keywords = {glass ionomer cement,chlorhexidine,Antibacterial,Mechanical Properties}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78410.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78410_7e5a2ca2a1a7d06b9a7e4f23bdccba46.pdf} } @article { author = {Nabhan, M. and Thabet, Yasmine}, title = {EFFECT OF DIAMETER AND BONE DENSITY ON IMPLANT STABILITY IN IMPLANT RETAINED MANDIBULAR OVERDENTURES}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1699-1706}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78412}, abstract = {Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of implant diameter and bone density on the stability of implants in implant retained overdentures. Materials and methods: Totally, twenty-one patients with entirely edentulous upper and lower arches were randomly assigned into three groups (Group I, II, II). Group (I): patients are exhibiting type I (D1) bone density. Group (II): patients are exhibiting type II (D2) bone density. Group (III): patients are exhibiting type III (D3) bone density. In each patient, two implants with different diameters (3.5mm and 4 mm)were placed in the intra-foraminal region. Each patient received maxillary conventional complete denture and mandibular implant retained overdenture.Implant stability was measured at implant insertion and after three months. Results: No statistically significant differences were detected regarding implant stability between groups with different bone densities and different diameters. Although there was an increase in implant stability after three months, differences between groups were statistically non-significant. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that different implant diameters and bone densities don’t have a significant influence on implant stability }, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78412.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78412_ef8a2c6fb2bfe229fb2876ca6dde2161.pdf} } @article { author = {Kamha, Soliman and Enan, Howida}, title = {PUSH OUT BOND STRENGTH OF ROOT CANAL FILLING WITH EPOXY RESIN-BASED, MTA-BASED AND BIOCERAMIC-BASED ENDODONTIC SEALERS}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1707-1718}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78416}, abstract = {Aim: to compare the push out bond strength of the root canal filling with epoxy resin-based (Adseal), MTA-based (MTA Fillapex) and Bioceramic-based (Endosequance BC) sealers. Materials and Methods: Forty five extracted mandibular human first premolars with straight fully formed roots were selected for this study and were de-coronated at 17 mm from the apex. All root canals were prepared by using the ProTaper Universal Ni Ti rotary system in a crown down manner up to F4 according to manufacturer’s instruction to the their working length. The canals were irrigated with 17% EDTA to remove the smear layer and the final rinse was performed with 5 mL 5.25% sodium hypochlorite. The roots were randomly assigned to three groups, fifteen for each (n=15). Adseal, MTA Fillapex and Endosequence BC sealers were used with gutta percha size F4 by lateral condensation technique for groups I, II and III respectively. All roots stored in 100% humidity at 37ºC for one week for completing setting of sealers. The roots were embedded in self cure acrylic resin, and transversely sectioned perpendicular to the long axis of the root 2 mm thickness slices. Apical diameter of 0.88 ± 0.02 mm in all slices were selected for the push-out test by universal testing machine. The dislodging force was measured in Newton for all slice samples and tabulated. Push out bond strength (MPa) for every slice sample is calculated and the three groups were compared. The slices were then examined under stereomicroscope and categorized into adhesive, cohesive or mixed type of bond failure mode. The data were tabulated and statistically analyzed. Results: Endosequence bioceramic represented the highest bond strength followed by Adseal then MTA Fillapex which represented the lowest bond strength with a significant difference between them at P≤0.05. Comparison between Adseal and Endosequence bioceramic groups and between MTA Fillapex and Endosequence bioceramic groups showed a significant difference between them at P≤0.05 with higher bond strength of Endosequence bioceramic sealer. Adseal represented higher bond strength than MTA Fillapex with no significant difference between them at P≤0.05. Comparison between the three tested groups of sealers regarding the bond failure categories showed no significant difference between them at P≤0.05. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, Endosequence bioceramic sealer show promising results as root canal sealer and exhibited a greater resistance to push out than MTA Fillapex and epoxy resin–based sealer (Adseal) with gutta-percha as a root canal filling.}, keywords = {Push out test,bond strength,universal testing machine,epoxy resin sealer,Adseal sealer,MTA Fillapex sealer,Endosequance bioceramic sealer}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78416.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78416_6d34b85b04ede92f10f18d8846ae882b.pdf} } @article { author = {Yassen, Asmaa and Safy, Rehab}, title = {GRAPE SEED EXTRACT AND DENTIN REMINERALIZATION}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1719-1726}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78418}, abstract = {Objective: The motivation of this study was to investigate the effect of grape seed extract on dentin remineralization. Methodology: Sound dentin disks were prepared from the buccal surfaces of human impacted third molars. The specimens were stored in demineralizing solution for 72 hours at room temperature to create artificial carious lesions. They were divided into four groups according to the treatment used; 15% GSE, 1000 ppm sodium fluoride, artificial saliva meanwhile teeth in the fourth group were kept without treatment as a negative control group. An in vitro pH cycling model for eight successive days was done. Subsequently micro-hardness of the specimens and their micro-morphological appearance were evaluated using micro-indenter and Environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) respectively. Data were statically analyzed. Results: The results indicated that there was a significant increase in dentin micro-hardness values of GSE and NaF groups in comparison to the demineralized and artificial saliva groups. The ESEM micrographs confirmed the micro-hardness results. Conclusions: GSE is a promising natural remineralizing agent for treatment of the demineralized dentin.}, keywords = {Dentine,demineralization,remineralization,Grape seed}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78418.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78418_a2fc659977570a335e4b14903f31a567.pdf} } @article { author = {Hammas, Mostafa}, title = {CHEWING EFFICIENCY WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF BAR JOINT USED TO RETAIN MANDIBULAR IMPLANT OVERDENTURES. A CROSS OVER STUDY}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1727-1736}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78420}, abstract = {Objectiv: This article aimed to evaluate, within patient, the chewing efficiency with different types of bar joint used to retain mandibular implant overdentures . Materials and methods: ten (5 males and 5 females) completely edentulous patients (mean age is 59 years old) received maxillary and mandibular conventional dentures (control group, GI). After, 3 months of adaptation, 2 implants were inserted in the mandibular canine areas. In a quasi-random method, implants were connected with either Dolder (group II, GII) or Hader (Group III, GIII) bars and patient received mandibular implant overdentues. Chewing efficiency was measured using a 2-colored chewing gum after 5, 10, 20, 30 and 50 chewing cycles. Measurements were made 3 months after wearing the following prostheses; new conventional dentures, Dolder bar/ implant retained overdentures and Hader bar/implant retained overdentures. Results: Regardless the number of chewing strokes, GI recorded the highest UF and GIII recorded the lowest UF. GI recorded the significant higher UF compared to GII and GIII. GIII showed significant higher UF than GII. Regardless the group, 5 strokes recorded the highest UF and 50 strokes showed the lowest UF. Conclusion: within limitations of this cross-over study, bar/implant retained overdentures are associated with improved chewing efficiency compared to conventional dentures. Dolder bar used to retain mandibular implant overdentures showed significant increase in chewing efficiency compared to Hader bar.}, keywords = {chewing efficiency,bar joint,mandibular overdentures Dolder bar,Hader bar}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78420.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78420_e43c6c0f30e104d0c54ceb352469b5fa.pdf} } @article { author = {Hammas, Mostafa and Ali, Mostafa and Mohamed, Ismail and Mohamed, Ahmed}, title = {STUDY OF COLOR STABILITY OF SOME DENTURE TEETH MATERIALS}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1737-1744}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78422}, abstract = {Objective: To study the color stability of some denture teeth materials (acrylic &porcelain) and to evaluate some mechanical properties of these denture teeth materials. Material and methods: Forty samples of both acrylic and porcelain teeth were immersed in three staining solutions and distilled water. Color measurements were performed by using spectrophotometer. Before immersion, the initial color value of each tooth was recorded. Color change values were determined after 1 day, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4weeks and 6 weeks of immersion. Color differences were characterized using the CIE L*a*b* color space. Also water sorption and surface roughness were evaluated. Results: showing significant color changes of the different denture teeth materials upon immersion in tea, coffee, cola, or distilled water. This color change was greater in case of immersion in either tea or coffee solutions. The least color change was obtained from samples immersed in distilled water. The different materials used showed no significant statistical difference in water sorption values. Finally the results showed that, there were significant statistical differences in surface roughness of all tested materials after immersion in any of the tested solutions. Conclusion: The acrylic denture teeth material is much more subjected to discoloration than the porcelain denture teeth material. Water sorption of the tested materials was of close values. Surface roughness of the denture teeth material show significant statistical difference by immersion in staining solutions}, keywords = {color stability,denture teeth}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78422.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78422_b1e6e1e6ed33a5490f12b2b46922bbfc.pdf} } @article { author = {Zohdy, Maged and Gabra, Andy}, title = {THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT MODEL TECHNIQUES ON THE MARGINAL GAP OF IMPLANT SUPPORTED FIXED PARTIAL DENTURE}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1745-1755}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78431}, abstract = {Statement of problem: The conventional model fabrication methods have multiple error-introducing steps such as impression, stone setting, waxing and casting; therefore a more reliable and quality controlled method of model fabrication is required Objective: This research was designed to evaluate the effect of different model fabrication techniques: Conventional stone cast, Rapid Prototyping-3D printing and CAD/CAM on the marginal gap of implant supported fixed partial denture. Materials and methods: An epoxy resin cast simulating a clinical case with missing lower first mandibular molar was fabricated that served as a master cast from which an optical impression was done to fabricate a 3D printed model and a milled model , and another rubber base impression was done to fabricate a conventional cast, upon these three casts, five three units bridge was fabricated on each model, then marginal gap of implant supported fixed partial denture was evaluated using stereomicroscope. Results: Two-way ANOVA revealed significant differences were found between the model manufacturing techniques. 3D-printing showed the lowest marginal gap value among all groups}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78431.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78431_cd826062b3fee5bdbc60277df361862e.pdf} } @article { author = {Roshdy, Nehal and El Khodary, Sherif}, title = {PREVALENCE OF MIDDLE MESIAL CANALS IN THE MESIAL ROOT OF FIRST PERMANENT MANDIBULAR MOLARS IN EGYPTIAN POPULATION: AN INVIVO COHORT RETROSPECTIVE CONE-BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC STUDY}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1757-1761}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78432}, abstract = {Objective: The aim of the study was to detect the prevalence of middle mesial canals in the mesial root of first mandibular molars in Egyptian population by retrospective analysis of a large number of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. Materials and Methods: A total of 1090 CBCT scans of first permanent mandibular molars were obtained from patients who visited the Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt, for various purposes. CBCT scans were searched and only 800 subjects (374 males and 426 females) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Results: Middle mesial canal was present in 25.6% (205 of 800) of the subjects. The incidence of middle mesial canal bilaterally was 5.9% and unilaterally was 19.8%. There was no statistically significant difference between males and females (P=0.079). Regarding the distribution of canal (Bilateral and unilateral); there was also no statistically significant difference between males and females ( P =0.056). Conclusion: Among mandibular first molars, there is a high prevalence of a middle mesial canal in the Egyptian population. Detection of its presence is essential to achieve successful endodontic treatment.}, keywords = {Middle mesial canal- root canal- anatomy- first mandibular molar-CBCT}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78432.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78432_757d1861725482faeedfeb4df5cf1a1a.pdf} } @article { author = {Alam-Eldein, Ahmed and Mostafa, Tamer}, title = {EVALUATION OF SINGLE IMPLANT ASSISTED MANDIBULAR OVERDENTURE IN DIABETIC PATIENTS}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1763-1772}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78434}, abstract = {Purpose: To evaluate single implant assisted mandibular overdenture in controlled type II diabetic patients after two years of function. Materials and Methods: Thirty, completely edentulous patients with a mean age of fifty years old were included in this study. For each patient single implant (3.5*13mm Anyone Two– piece dental implant, Mega Gen Implant System, Korea) was placed at the anterior midline region with equator attachment to retain mandibular overdenture. Each patient was evaluated clinically concerning plaque index, probing depth and implant stability by using resonance frequency analysis and radiographically concerning marginal bone loss at baseline (overdenture insertion) and after 6, 12, 24 months after insertion. Data were collected and statistically analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA test. Results: The cumulative implant success rate at two years was 100%. There were no statistical significant differences along the time intervals (P ≥ 0.05) regarding probing depth, implant stability and marginal bone loss. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, single midline dental implant can be used successfully to assist mandibular overdenture in controlled type II diabetic edentulous patients.}, keywords = {Single implant,Implant overdenture,Type II diabetes}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78434.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78434_f5f4a619f351cc4352624afc3a276743.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Safty, Samy}, title = {IN VITRO BOND STRENGTH OF DENTAL RESIN-COMPOSITES: A REVIEW OF AFFECTING VARIABLES}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1773-1784}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78435}, abstract = {The objective of this article was to in-depth review the literature regarding the different parameters that critically influence the “in vitro” bond strength between the tooth structure and restorative resin-composites. The need to do such a review was due to inconsistencies between the bond strength results obtained from studies for the same products. One can justify such a difference between results on the basis that authors do not standardize all variables that may have a direct effect on the results. Some of these variables include resin-composite material used, adhesive system applied, type of bond strength test (macro or micro, shear or tensile), bonding area, storage time and conditions, load application method, mode of failure, and other testing parameters. Understanding of such issues will enable researchers to properly select and conduct the bond strength test and correctly interpret the resulting data. }, keywords = {bond strength,Resin-composite,Adhesive system,Bonding area,Type of test,Smear layer,Storage Conditions}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78435.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78435_0e5e7313ed6a456dde983de2a4dc961a.pdf} } @article { author = {Soliman, Tarek and Ghorab, Sayed}, title = {COLOR, TRANSLUCENCY AND MASKING ABILITY OF A RECENTLY DEVELOPED BULK-FILL RESIN COMPOSITE}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1785-1793}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78436}, abstract = {Objectives: To evaluate the color, translucency and masking ability of a newly developed bulk-fill resin composite with enhanced opacity. Materials and Methods: A3 shade composite discs (n=20/material) (Filtek bulk-fill; FB and Filtek bulk-fill One; FBOne) were prepared at 2 and 4 mm thickness (n=10/thickness). Three different backgrounds (white tile, black tile, and C4 shade porcelain) and the intrinsic color for each material were used to determine the translucency parameter (between white and black backgrounds), and to simulate oral cavity darkness (between the black background and the intrinsic color of resin composite), and the discolored tooth structure (between C4 shade porcelain and the intrinsic color of resin composite). Additionally, the chroma coordinates were measured for 2 mm thickness on the different backgrounds. Data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test, and Wilcoxon test as a post hoc for multiple comparisons (p< .05). Results: A clinically perceptible color difference (Δ E* > 1.74) was recorded between FB and FBOne. FBOne showed significantly higher TP values (p< .001) than FB. None of the two materials could mask the oral cavity darkness in a clinically acceptable threshold (ΔE* > 2.7). FBOne showed a clinically acceptable (2 mm, ΔE* < 2.7) and un-perceptible threshold (4 mm, ΔE* < 1.74) for masking the discolored tooth substrate. Conclusions: FBOne is a promising bulk-fill resin composite showing an appropriate masking ability of the discolored tooth structure without interfering with its translucency}, keywords = {Bulk-fill,Color,Masking ability,translucency}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78436.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78436_c3483f380f0676f0d0b06908bc55a454.pdf} } @article { author = {Soliman, Tarek and Ghorab, Sayed}, title = {INFLUENCE OF HESPERIDIN APPLICATION ON BONDING OF RESIN MODIFIED GLASS IONOMER-BASED RESTORATIVE MATERIAL TO DENTIN TREATED WITH OXYGEN INDUCED ENDODONTIC IRRIGANTS}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1795-1803}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78437}, abstract = {Objectives: To investigate the effect of hesperidin application on the bonding of resin-modified glass ionomer-based restorative material to dentin treated with oxygen-induced endodontic irrigants. Materials and Methods: One hundred human permanent molars were categorized into five  groups (n= 20/group), treated with various irrigants as follows: group C; distilled water (negativecontrol), group SH; 5.25% NaOCl (positive control), group SH+H; 5.25% NaOCl + 5 % hesperidin, group HP; 10% H2O2, group HP+H; 10% H2O2 + 5 % hesperidin. Immediately after treatments, the specimens were bonded with the RMGI-based restorative material. For each group, half of the specimens were evaluated for μSBS by a universal testing machine and the other half for elemental analysis by EDX. Additional ten specimens (n=2/group) were prepared for the micromorphological analysis using SEM. Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test (P<.05). The fracture pattern was analyzed by the Chi-square (χ2) test. Results: Hesperidin groups improved the μSBS, with a significant effect for HP+H group (P<.05). A significant increase in the ion weight percentages was detected in hesperidin groups (P< .001). Conclusion: Application of hesperidin improved the dentin bond strength and increased the ion weight percentages in dentin alongside RMGI based restorative material; this could be a promising approach to aid dental practitioners in their decisions, regarding which restorative material to use especially in caries susceptible patients.}, keywords = {Elemental analysis,Hesperidin,Microshear bond strength}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78437.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78437_b0b68f248bc28ba59e31761b37251ff2.pdf} } @article { author = {Ghorab, Sahar}, title = {COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN TWO DIFFERENT TYPES OF SOFT LINERS USED FOR PATIENTS WITH MAXILLARY OBTURATORS}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1805-1812}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78438}, abstract = {This study compared two types of denture resilient liners, the first was acrylic resin based and the scond was silicone based liner when used in patients with maxillary obturators after partial maxillectomy has been done regarding microbial adhesion. Samples were collected from the fitting surface, laboratory procedures were done. Evaluation of microbial growth by scanning the vegitations surface area in relation to the total surface area of the petri dish using graduated transparent paper was done to study the microbial adhesion in both after two weeks and six weeks. The results showed that the effect of the material was of statistical significance while time was not. The silicone-based soft liner has more liability for microbial adhesion than acrylic resin-based soft liner. This could be attributed to the rough surface of the first material especially with time due to difference in surface topography which enhance the attachment of micro-organisms. }, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78438.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78438_745743bec914fbabb02b4a4a12099a4c.pdf} } @article { author = {Aboelfadl, Ahmad and Taha, Moustafa}, title = {EFFECT OF IMPLANT ABUTMENT VENTING ON PERI-IMPLANT SOFT TISSUE RESPONSE . A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1813-1824}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78439}, abstract = {Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of venting of implant abutment on the peri implant soft tissue response in cement retained restorations. Patients and methods: 14 titanium threaded implants were placed in 14 patients in the premolar maxillary area. 14 crowns were cemented over the abutments where 7 of the abutments were closed design while the other 7 were vented abutments. A three stage protocol was executed; surgical stage where the implants were placed followed by the prosthetic stage which included placement of abutments of two designs, CAD/CAM provisional crowns were then fabricated and cemented. In the follow- up stage; periodontal and soft tissue esthetic assessments were done at the time of provisional restoration placement (base line), then at 3months and 6months intervals. Results: Analysis of the results revealed that the effect of the abutment venting (vented and closed) on the peri-implant tissues was statistically insignificant between groups at baseline while significant at follow up intervals. Conclusion: Vented abutments showed better perimplant soft tissue results at follow up intervals. which seems to be strongly correlated to the less amount of excessive cement extruded in this group. Clinical significance: Vented abutments should be considered as an alternative to closed ones to decrease the amount of extruded cement for better perimplant outcomes. }, keywords = {vented abutment,closed abutment,peri implant soft tissue}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78439.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78439_e765cfe714dd9c2e3ccb0d428b0be4cf.pdf} } @article { author = {Samman, Muhamad and Segai, Azza and El-Ghazawy, Saad}, title = {EFFECT OF INCORPORATION OF SILVER NANO-PARTICLES ON THE REPAIRABILITY OF CONVENTIONAL AND MICROWAVE DENTURE BASES}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1825-1836}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78440}, abstract = {Background: Repeated fracture of denture base is a common problem in prosthodontics, it represents an annoyance for the clinician. Therefore, the possibility of increasing repairability using new reinforcement materials is of great interest to prosthodontists. Aim of the study: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of incorporation of silver nano-particles on the flexural strength of repaired polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and microwave denture bases. Materials and methods: thirty-six specimens of conventional and microwave denture base materials were fabricated (18 for each) and divided into three subgroups according to surface design (Dovetail, 45° bevels and butt joints). Silver nano-particles was added to repair cold cure-acrylic resin powder. A three - point bending test was used to measure flexural strength. The results were analyzed with a P-value of <0.05 being significant. Results: totally it was found that repaired Microwave group recorded statistically non-significant (p>0.05) higher flexure strength mean value. Silver nano-particles modified cold cure repaired subgroup recorded statistically significant (p<0.05) higher flexure strength mean value than cold cure repaired subgroup mean value. The difference between repair surface design subgroups was statistically non-significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: Incorporation of silver nano-particles into the repair resin improved the flexural strength of repaired denture base }, keywords = {Denture repair,flexural strength,impact strength,PMMA,microwave,Silver nano-particles}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78440.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78440_33d165a195217b0c97ea97098da54f0b.pdf} } @article { author = {Emera, Radwa and Khalifa, Ahmed and Sheta, Noha}, title = {SILVER-NANOPARTICLES MODIFIED SOFT LINER MATERIAL FOR OBTURATOR WEARERS WITH ACQUIRED PALATAL DEFECT. MICROBIOLOGICAL CROSSOVER STUDY}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1837-1844}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78442}, abstract = {Aim: This research aimed to clinically investigate the microbecidal power of silver nano-par­ticles modified autopolymerized soft lining material for acquired palatal defect obturator wearers. Materials and methods: A total of sixteen patients with acquired palatal defect were selected from the Mansoura Oncology center and referred to the Removable Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University. For each patient, immediate surgical obturator was constructed and then replaced by temporary obturator two weeks after the surgery. At definitive abturator construction, random assigning of patients into two equal groups (eight patients each) was done. Within patient cross over study design was followed with respect to silver nanoparticles (AgNps) percentages added to the self-cure soft liner material where: Patient’s obturators in group I were lined with untreated soft liner followed by modified soft liner with 0.05 % loading by weight of AgNps added to 5gm of the polymer powder followed by modified soft liner with 0.2 % loading by weight of AgNps for one month of each soft liner application. In group II the sequence was reversed. Microbiological investigation was performed to identify bacterial colonization count related to different soft liner samples. Results: The highest mean of bacterial count was recorded with the soft liner samples without AgNps additives [mean =( 762.5 ± 85.08) x103]; while the lowest mean recorded with soft liner with 0.2% AgNps by weight [mean = (0.634 ± 0.73) x103]. (ANOVA) test indicated a significant reduction in bacterial count within increased AgNps concentration. Wilks’ lambda = 0.14, f = 40.75 and p = 0.001. Conclusions: Within parameters of this study, it could be concluded that: Modification of autopolymerized acrylic-based soft liner with AgNps is a simple reliable method to enhance its bactericidal activity especially for obturator wearers. The antimicrobial efficacy of AgNps modified soft liner seemed to be concentration dependent.}, keywords = {Silver nano-particles,soft liner,obturator}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78442.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78442_7c3949da798ddc769bf68968181cd12c.pdf} } @article { author = {Hassan, Reham and Roshdy, Nehal and Issa, Noha}, title = {COMPARISON OF CANAL TRANSPORTATION AND CENTERING ABILITY OF XP SHAPER, WAVEONE AND ONESHAPE: A CONE BEAM COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY STUDY OF CURVED ROOT CANALS}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1845-1853}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78443}, abstract = {This study investigated the shaping abilities of XP Shaper and compared it with other single file NiTi systems using full rotation and reciprocation motion by cone beam computed tomography. Mesiobuccal canal of forty-five mandibular first molars, were divided into three equal groups, using WaveOne, OneShape and XP shaper. Pre-and post instrumentation images were obtained at 3mm, 5mm and 7mm from the apex and were assessed to determine canal transportation and centering ability. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test for comparing the three systems, while Friedman’s test was used to compare between the root levels. WaveOne and OneShape showed the highest mean amount of transportation with no statistically significant difference between them. XP Shaper showed the lowest statistically significantly mean amount of transportation. There was a statistically significant difference in the canal centring ability among the three instruments used. It was concluded that XP shaper preserved the original canal shape better than WaveOne and OneShape.}, keywords = {Canal transportation,Centering ability,Cone beam computed tomography,OneShape,WaveOne,XP Shaper}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78443.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78443_53bf0804d46567ef8c0fd44a08319ddb.pdf} } @article { author = {El- Segai, Azza and EL Sharkawy, Zainab and Abbas, Muhammad}, title = {INFLUENCE OF ORAL RINSE SOLUTIONS AND TOOTH BRUSHING ON STAIN ABILITY OF THERMOPLASTIC TOOTH COLORED PROSTHETIC MATERIALS}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1855-1864}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78445}, abstract = {Objectives: The present study aimed to comparatively evaluate the influence of oral rinse solutions and tooth brushing on stainability of thermoplastic tooth colored prosthetic materials, using computerized spectrophotometry before and after immersion. Materials and Methods: Fifty-six samples (Twenty-eight samples of each material); Acetal resin and polyether ether keton(PEEK) were constructed in the form of discs (10 mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness). Samples were randomly divided into 4 subgroups (n=7) according to the oral rise solutions (chlorhexidine, benzydamine HCl, alcohol-free mouthwash) and artificial saliva as control. Simulated tooth brushing of samples for 4 min with rotary instruments was applied before immersion in mouth rinses. The mean of color values (L*,a*,b*) of each specimen were measured before and one week after exposure with a Reflective spectrophotometer. Results: regardless to staining solutions totally it was shown that Acetal resin material group recorded higher color change mean value (4.75±0.52 ΔE) than PEEK material group mean value (4.64±0.66 ΔE).The difference between both materials groups means values was statistically non-significant as indicated by two-way ANOVA (F=0.31, P=0.5748>0.05). On the other hand Listerine zero recorded the highest color change mean value (5.05±0.5 ΔE) followed by Tantum V solution mean value (4.91±0.37ΔE) then CHX solution mean value (4.52±0.7 ΔE) while A. saliva solution recorded the lowest color change mean value (4.29±0.52 ΔE). Conclusions:1- There was a highly significant difference between alcohol free, benzydamine HCL & CHX mouth rinses. The listerine zero showed the highest value in staining potential while CHX was the lowest regarding acetal 2- Among the two thermoplastic restorative materials and although statisticaly non significant, PEEK was found to be the higher color stable material and the higher stain was taken up by acetal resin. 3- There were no significant differences between the discoloration effects of different mouth washes used in this study on PEEK material.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78445.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78445_d54876ec4bd540ece675922048beb009.pdf} } @article { author = {Abo El Fadl, Ahmad}, title = {EFFECT OF FINISHING AND POLISHING ON SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF CUBIC ZIRCONIA}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1865-1871}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78446}, abstract = {Aim: The purpose of this invitro study was to evaluate the effect of finishing and polishing on surface roughness of BruxZir Anterior Cubic zirconia before and after hydrothermal aging. Materials and methods: Twenty samples of BruxZir Anterior Cubic zirconia were divided into two groups, group (1): Polished BruxZir Anterior Cubic zirconia (n=10), group (2): Unpolished BruxZir Anterior Cubic zirconia (n=10). All samples were fabricated out of CAD CAM blocks and evaluated for surface roughness before and after hydrothermal aging. Results: Before aging, there was a significant difference in the surface roughness (Ra) of the polished (M=125.28, SD=1.27) and unpolished (M=128.97, SD=2.61) surfaces. Similarly after ag­ing, there was a significant difference in the surface roughness (Ra) of the polished (M=125.89, SD=1.35) and unpolished (M=130.09, SD=2.97) surfaces. Conclusions: Finishing and polishing of cubic zirconia considerably lowered the surface roughness before and after hydrothermal aging. }, keywords = {Surface roughness,Cubic Zirconia}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78446.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78446_18dcb1640663fd351641d092027edc21.pdf} } @article { author = {Amin, Suzan}, title = {IN VITRO BIO-INTERACTIVITY OF MTA MIXED WITH DIFFERENT ACCELERANT SOLUTIONS}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1873-1882}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78447}, abstract = {Aim: To evaluate and compare the biointeractivity (calcium and hydroxyl ion release into the leachate) of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) mixed with three different accelerant solutions. Methods: MTA was mixed with 5% calcium chloride (Group CL), 15% disodium hydrogen orthophosphate (Group NaP), 0.1% citric acid (Group CA) or distilled water (Group DW) as control; each group comprised ten specimens (n=10). The specimens were prepared by packing the mixtures into plastic tubes, 1.5 mm in internal diameter and 10 mm in length. Each specimen was immersed in 10 ml deionized water. The calcium ion release and pH were measured in the leachate after 24, 72 and 168h of material immersion using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer and a digital pH-meter respectively. Data were analysed using 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures, 1-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test; p-values less than 0.05 indicated statistical significance (p<0.05). Results: The accelerant type and time significantly influenced both calcium ion release and pH (p<0.001). Overall, Group CL showed the highest calcium ion release followed by Group CA (p<0.05 compared to each other and to Groups DW and NaP) then came Groups DW and NaP; there was no difference between the latter two groups (p>0.05). Group NaP showed the highest leachate pH compared to Group DW at all time points. In general, calcium ion release and pH decreased over the 168-hour duration. Conclusions: Within the conditions of this study, it could be concluded that, among the used MTA accelerants, 5% calcium chloride solution could yield the highest calcium ion release, while 15% disodium hydrogen orthophosphate solution may have the highest alkalizing activity; such accelerants could provide MTA with enhanced biointeractive qualities besides accelerating its setting.}, keywords = {Mineral trioxide aggregate,biointeractivity,accelerant,calcium chloride,Na2HPO4,Citric acid}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78447.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78447_250cd573a857eba1d929feb48bb7a313.pdf} } @article { author = {Radi, Iman and Abdel-Hamid, Dalia}, title = {FRACTURE RESISTANCE OF RELINED MICROWAVE-CURED HIGH IMPACT VERSUS CONVENTIONAL HEAT-CURED ACRYLIC RESIN MANDIBULAR DENTURE BASES: AN IN VITRO STUDY}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1883-1892}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78448}, abstract = {Aim: This in vitro study aimed at comparing the fracture resistance of microwave-cured high impact and conventional heat-cured acrylic resin mandibular denture bases, whether relined by a resilient liner or not. Materials and methods: Conventional heat-cured (C) and high impact microwave-cured (H) acrylic resins were used in the fabrication of 24 mandibular denture bases divided into 4 groups (n=6). Half of these bases were 4 mm in thickness to be used unrelined (CU and HU), the other half was prepared in reduced thickness (2 mm thick) to be relined (CR and HR) with addition silicon resilient liner (R). The denture bases were loaded in compression at the canine-premolar areas bilaterally until failure, using a universal testing machine. Data on fracture resistance (N), work of fracture (J) and deflection at fracture (mm), were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s test (P≤0.05). Results: Among the unrelined (CU and HU) and the relined (CR and HR) bases, there were insignificant differences regarding the fracture resistance and the work of fracture median values. Fractures/cracks were repeatedly observed either unilaterally or bilaterally at the premolar regions of the bases. The CU bases exhibited the statistically lowest significant median deflection value at fracture compared to all other denture bases which were insignificantly different from each other. Conclusions: Relining of mandibular denture bases with resilient liners reduced their fracture resistance, work of fracture and increased their amount of deflection at fracture regardless to the type of the denture base material. Economically, conventional acrylic resin denture base material is still the material of choice for dentures that would require relining with resilient liners. }, keywords = {Fracture resistance,Resilient denture liners,Microwave-cured,High impact acrylic resins,Mandibular dentures}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78448.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78448_1d3b51f4cad81e98b40560ca5ec7d2b4.pdf} } @article { author = {Khorshid, Heba}, title = {A COMPARISON BETWEEN TWO DIFFERENT TYPES OF ATTACHMENTS IN IMPLANT RETAINED MANDIBULAR OVERDENTURES (A STRESS ANALYSIS STUDY)}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1893-1902}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78449}, abstract = {Background: The target of this in vitro study was to evaluate the distribution of stresses using strain gauges around two mandibular implants installed in the inter-foraminal region retaining an overdenture with two different types of attachments; ball attachment and magnet attachment. Materials and Methods: In this Invitro study, a mandibular conventional denture model was constructed using heat cured acrylic resin. In the canine region, two box shaped preparations with a 1mm thickness buccally, lingually, mesialy and distaly were done into which two dummy implants were mounted and bonded to the model using self-cure acrylic resin. Over each surface, strain gauges of length 5mm, resistance of 120.4±0.4 Ω and a gauge factor of 2.09 ± 1 %, were anchored. Unilateral and bilateral vertical static load of 100N using a universal testing machine was applied onto both types of overdentures; one retained by the ball and one by the magnet and 10 readings were recorded for each attachment. Results: When comparing the micro strain mean values of both groups while applying strain both bilaterally and unilaterally, the study has shown that there was a statistically significant difference in the mean values of micro strain between the Ball and Magnet attachment in the non-loading side where (p<0.001). The highest mean value of micro strain was found in Ball attachment while the least mean value of micro strain was found in the Magnet in both events. Results also revealed that there was a statistically significant difference in mean values of micro strain between the Loaded side and the Unloaded side where (p<0.001) where The highest mean value of micro strain was found in the Loaded side while the least mean value of micro strain was found in Unloaded side in both groups. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that ball attachments induce higher micro-strain on the bone implant interface than the magnet attachment}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78449.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78449_f7e9b59c2946c9ff21c4c28dffb64259.pdf} } @article { author = {Mahrous, Aliaa and Radwan, Mohamed and Aboulmagd, Inass}, title = {EFFECT OF SUPERSTRUCTURE MATERIAL ON PINK ESTHETICS & MARGINAL BONE LOSS AROUND IMMEDIATE LOADING IMPLANT: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL WITH 1 YEAR FOLLOW-UP}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1903-1913}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78450}, abstract = {Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to determine the marginal bone loss and analyze peri-implant soft tissue using PES around single immediate loading implant with different superstructure materials (PMMA, zirconia, PEEK). Materials& Methods: A single center blind and parallel group study applied on 17 patients (17 implants) in the age group 25-40 years with a thick gingival biotype and intact buccal bone wall of healed extracted upper centrals or upper 1st premolar. All patients were receiving delayed implantation with immediate non-occlusal loading utilizing different superstructure material. Group (A) control: PMMA crowns for 6monthes followed by final zirconia crowns, group (B) Zirconia crowns and group (C) PEEK crowns. Patients were recalled for follow-up and PES was analyzed at 3, 6, and 12 months while marginal bone loss was determined at 6 and 12 months. Results: The results of pink esthetic score (PES) and the marginal bone loss (mm) showed no significant difference between different groups at different follow-up intervals (P>0.05) while marginal bone loss for all groups recorded at 12 months a significantly higher mean bone loss value at 12 months than 6 months (P>0.05), Conclusion: within the limitation of the current study, immediate loaded implants with zirconium and PEEK superstructure had a minor role on enhancing peri-implant soft tissue esthetics and decreasing the marginal bone loss}, keywords = {immediate loading,marginal bone loss,PES,peek superstructure,zirconia superstructure,PMMA}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78450.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78450_0f1df534d4c48e25d7f74c38224a0a0f.pdf} } @article { author = {Ragab, Hala and Zyara, Yassir and Osman, Essam}, title = {INFLUENCE OF ETCHING AGGRESSIVENESS OF UNIVERSAL ADHESIVES ON LONGEVITY OF RESIN-DENTIN BONDING USING SELF-ETCH MODE}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {64}, number = {Issue 2 - April (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)}, pages = {1915-1924}, year = {2018}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2018.78451}, abstract = {Objective: to assess micro-shear bond strength (μSBS) of two universal adhesives (UA) having two etching aggressiveness applied to dentin in a self-etch mode, immediately and after thermal ageing. Methods: the occlusal enamel of twenty-eight sound human premolar teeth were removed to expose a flat dentin surface for bonding procedures. Teeth were randomly assigned to one of two groups according to the adhesive; the first group (Peak-Universal: PU) has intermediate etching aggressiveness (1.2 pH) and the second group (All-Bond-Universal: ABU) has ultra-mild etching aggressiveness (3.2 pH). After bonding procedures as per manufacturer instructions, a nanohybrid composite resin was placed and light cured. All specimens were stored in demineralized water at 37˚C for 24 hours. Half of the specimens were evaluated for μSBS testing after 24 hours of water storage at 37˚ C and the other half were evaluated after thermal ageing using10000 thermal-cycles and six-months water storage, then observed by SEM. μSBS in (MPa) were compared with analysis of variance. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests were applied to assess normality of distributions (P < 0.05 was considered as significant). Results: PU showed statistically significant higher mean μSBS than AU, immediately and after thermal ageing. Thermal ageing and water storage did not significantly influence PU while bond degradation was significant in AU. Conclusion: with regard to the adhesive systems used in this study, when self-etch mode was used, UA with aggressive pH (intermediate) revealed better bonding effectiveness and stability against thermal aging and water storage than those with ultra-mild pH. }, keywords = {bond strength,dentin bonding,universal adhesives,self-etch,etching aggressiveness,thermal aging}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78451.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78451_08dba2e413ae5a377f3bd23441236d6d.pdf} }