@article { author = {Ahmed, Dina}, title = {PREVALENCE AND CORRELATION OF NASAL SEPTUM DEVIATION, CONCHA BULLOSA AND MAXILLARY SINUSITIS IN A GROUP OF ADULT EGYPTIAN POPULATION: A RETROSPECTIVE CBCT STUDY}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {66}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {143-152}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.77528}, abstract = {Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of NSD, CB and maxillary sinusitis and to investigate their possible correlation using CBCT in a group of adult Egyptian population. Subjects &methods: In this retrospective study, 75 CBCT scans of both sexes (29 males & 46 females) in the age range between 13-61 years were selected from the archives of the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University. The presence of nasal septal deviation (NSD), concha bullosa (CB) as well as maxillary sinusitis and their correlation was assessed by an experienced Oral and Maxillofacial Radiologist.Results& conclusions: The results of this study showed that maxillary sinusitis is quite common (62.7%) in the studied population. The prevalence of maxillary sinusitis was more common than both NSD and CB. No correlation between all examined parameters was found except an association between NSD and contralateral CB. There was also no statistically significant difference between both genders in all parameters. From the results of this study it can also be concluded that neither NSD, nor CB increases the incidence of maxillary sinusitis.}, keywords = {Nasal septal deviation,Concha bullosa,Maxillary sinusitis,CBCT}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77528.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77528_e6c54b802b6d486736a48993947d15db.pdf} } @article { author = {Abo El Soud, Asmaa and Elsaied, Heba and Omar, Shaimaa}, title = {Comparative Evaluation of the Effects of Silver Diamine Fluoride (Commercial and Lab Prepared) versus Nano silver fluoride on Demineralized Human Enamel Surfaces (In Vitro Study)}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {66}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {153-163}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.77529}, abstract = {Background: - To evaluate and compare the effects of Silver diamine fluoride (commercial and lab prepared) versus nano silver fluoride on demineralized human enamel surfaces. Materials and methods: - A total 20 Extracted premolars for orthodontic reasons were collected from the Outpatient Clinic of surgical Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University. Each premolar was sectioned buccolingually into two halves, to obtain (40) specimens. These halves were randomly allocated into 5 groups according to different treatment modalities. Group I included 8 specimens were left untreated (negative control), Group II included 8 specimens were treated with demineralizing solution, Group III included 8 specimens were treated by Silver diamine fluoride (commercial form) after demineralizing solution, Group IV included 8 specimens were treated with Silver diamine fluoride (lab prepared) after demineralizing solution and Group V included 8 specimens that were treated with Nano silver fluoride after demineralizing solution. Each half was evaluated by Environmental scanning electron microscope and Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy .Results: There were significant differences between groups at P-value (≤0.05) for Phosphrous, Calcium and Calcium/Phosphrous ratio except (Fluoide). The lowest value for elements was recorded in group (II) followed by control group and the highest value was recorded at group (V).Conclusion: Silver Diamine Fluoride (lab made) is as efficient as commercial one in remineralizing demineralized enamel surfaces. Nano Silver Fluoride is more efficient than Silver Diamine Fluoride (lab made & commercial) on demineralized enamel surfaces.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77529.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77529_efb10557fcc2a491a2257bc2bb8b1ad2.pdf} } @article { author = {Saleh, Reda and Deraz, Elsayed and Mohammed, Altaib}, title = {A comparative study of the clinical andhistopathological features of normal labial mucosa and redundant tissue in double lip}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {66}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {165-173}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.77531}, abstract = {Introduction: double lip is one of lip abnormalities that may be congenital or acquired. It consists of a fold of excess tissue on the mucosal side of the lip. It causes functional and aesthetic problems to affected patientsAim of the work : The present study was performed to compare clinically and histopathologically between redundant tissue in double lip and normal labial mucosa.Subjects and methods: Seventeen patients with congenital non syndromic double lip were selected. Redundant tissues were removed surgically together with part of adjacent normal mucosa as part of the surgical manipulation. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was done to compare both tissues microscopically. Expression of ki-67 and p53 was evaluated in both tissue by immunohistochemistryResults: Clinically, redundant tissue appeared as thick extra fold with normal mucosal color and soft consistency analogous to normal labial mucosa. This redundant tissue was removed surgically without any complications. Histopathologically, normal labial mucosa revealed non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and delicate underlying connective tissue. Excess tissue exhibited parakeratosis, acanthosis, elongation of rete pegs. The underlying connective tissue was fibrotic with inflammatory cell infiltration. In normal labial mucosa, ki-67 was detected only in parabasal layer of epithelium whereas it was localized in parabasal and superficial layers of epithelium in redundant tissue. No expression of p53 was detected in both normal and excess tissue. For both ki-67 and p53, the difference in expression between normal and redundant tissue was significant.Conclusion : Redundant tissue is a benign hyperplastic tissue that require surgical removal. So surgical excision here is the treatment of choice when excess tissue causes functional and aesthetic problems. Moreover, the high proliferation of redundant tissue may necessitate the surgical excision of this tissue.}, keywords = {Clinical,double lip,Ki-67,p53,redundant tissue}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77531.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77531_4d40e2708fccb7f167cb38f662bdb401.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohamed, Mohamed and El Sherbeny, Mahmoud and Farag, Doaa}, title = {A Comparative Study of Two Gel-Based Techniques to Detect the Relationship Between Post-Mortem Interval And Nuclear DNA Degradation In Different Tissues In Albino Rats}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {66}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {175-186}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.77533}, abstract = {Background and objective: Postmortem interval (PMI) estimation is an important aim in forensic medicine. An accurate estimation of PMI helps to define the murder time and enable investigators in forensic field especially when they are collecting evidence that can reinforce or exclude the conducts of suspects in a crime. Some techniques were introduced to estimate postmortem interval with the aid of assessment of DNA fragmentation qualitatively and quantitatively. These       include Agarose gel and single cell gel electrophoresis or comet assay. It is recommended to select the most appropriate method to overcome the troubles of postmortem DNA degradation. Methodology: 30 adult male Sprague Dawley albino rats were selected in the study. Animals were divided into 5 groups and were drowned at the beginning of the experiment. First group’s rats had sacrificed immediately after drowning, whilst the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th groups were sacrificed at 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours postmortem respectively. The palatal mucosa and submandibular salivary glands were dissected and extracted for DNA studying and detection. The samples were processed through Agarose gel and single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay) techniques to estimate the degree of DNA degradation. Results were analyzed statistically and Pearson correlation (r) was used to test the association between PMI & degradation of DNA. Level was considered significant at p value < 0.05. Results: Agarose gel technique revealed variation in DNA degradation ranging from no changes to severe changes with high correlation association between PMI and DNA in palatal mucosa samples but no correlation in samples of submandibular salivary glands. Comet assay results showed high correlation in all samples from both tissues between PMI and both of tail length and tail moment of the degraded DNA. Conclusion: Comet assay technique is a more reliable and dependable method in determination of early time of death as shown by the statistical analysis than did Agarose gel electrophoresis technique}, keywords = {Postmortem,Electrophoresis,Agarose gel,Comet assay,Tail length,Tail moment}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77533.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77533_9122acae537593e9b19f3166039ee843.pdf} } @article { author = {Abo Baker, Sally and Moawad, Amira}, title = {Anti-diabetic effect of moringa oleifera extract on parotid gland of albino rats}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {66}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {187-196}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.77534}, abstract = {Aim: to investigate the antidiabetic effect of moringa oleifera on parotid gland.Materials and methods: 45 adult male albino rats weighing from 150-200 gm were used in this study. The rats were divided into three equal groups (15 rats each) as follow: Group I: The animals served as control group. Group II: The animals subjected to diabetic induction and did not receive any treatment. Group III: The animals subjected to diabetic induction, soon after blood analysis, animals of this group were given 200 mg/kg body wt. /day of moringa oleifera extract by gastric tube for 3 weeks. At the end of the moringa treatment, the rats were euthanized with over dose halothane and parotid glands were rapidly excised, then processed for: histological examination using heamatoxylin and eosin stain, transmission electron microscope and comet assay.Results: the examination with light microscope showed group I with normal architecture of the glandular tissue, the parotid gland sections showing densely packed acinar cells with large basally located nuclei while in group II parotid gland sections showed loss of acinar outlines with intracellular vacuolization and pyknotic nuclei. In-group III the acinar cells begin to regain their symmetrical shape and size. Ultrastructurely the serous cell of group I showed euchromatic nuclei, parallel cisternae rough endoplasmic reticulum, homogenous secretory granules and intact desmosomal attachments between cells. The serous cell of group II showing irregular nuclear membrane with predominant heterochromatin, dilated and irregular arrangements of rough endoplasmic reticulum and multiple vacuoles. In-group III the serous acini appeared with less number of vacuoles and numerous parallel cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum. The Comet assay results: In the control parotid glands, the majority of the cells appeared as homologous discs with a very low tail moment, very low percentage of tail length and tail DNA %. In group II tail formation was different from the normal gland cells in the number of tailed cells and the tail length. In group III the tail moment was found to be significantly decreased than that found in the group II.Conclusion: These results help to increase information about the usefulness of M. oleifera and its safety.}, keywords = {Moringa oleifera,Comet assay,parotid gland,Transmission electron microscope}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77534.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77534_fb3f6b0c842373eb192ef0c42ec50b33.pdf} } @article { author = {Khalil, Nesma and Nagui, Dina}, title = {Effect of Quercetin on filiform and fungiform papillae of the tongue of albino rats with induced diabetes}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {66}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {197-211}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.77535}, abstract = {Objective: The aim of the present work was to study the effect of Quercetin on the structure of filiform and fungiform papillae of the tongue in albino rats with streptozotocin induced diabetes.Design: Thirty adult male Wistar rats were divided into 3 equal groups (10 rats each): Group 1 (control group), Group 2: (diabetic group) and Group 3: (Quercetin treated diabetic group). In both groups 2&3 diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg). After confirmation of diabetes, Quercetin was administrated to group 3 (50 mg/kg/day) orally for 12 weeks. Then all rats were sacrificed and the tongues were dissected out for light microscopic (LM) examination, immunohistochemical examination, histomorphometric analysis and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) examination. Results: LM examination of diabetic group revealed disturbances in filiform papillae with hyperkeratosis. Fungiform papillae exhibited slight elongation with separation between taste bud cells. SEM examination revealed disturbance in the normal orientation of filiform papillae which appeared thin. On the other hand, in Quercetin treated group, there was marked improvement in the shape and orientation of the papillae. However, some changes were observed by LM which included hyperkeratosis and in SEM some filiform papillae appeared thin. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed strong reaction for caspase 3 in diabetic group, while in Quercetin treated group the reaction was mild. Quercetin treatment resulted in significant decrease in both area percentage of immunopositive cells and the optical density of caspase 3 immunostaining which was significantly increased after induction of diabetes. Conclusions: In a rat model, Quercetin can to a great extent overcome most of the detrimental effects of diabetes on the structure of both filiform and fungiform papillae of the tongue.}, keywords = {Quercetin,Caspase 3,diabetes,papillae}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77535.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77535_b610b7789740cc55e1b16987aec471c0.pdf} } @article { author = {Youssef, Mervat and Korraah, Ahmed and Hegazy, Enas}, title = {Apoptotic Effect of Long-term Administration of Antidepressant Duloxetine on the Tongue of Albino Rats: Histological and Immuno-histochemical Study}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {66}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {213-223}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.77537}, abstract = {Introduction: Depression is one of the most common causes of loss of health and productivity and inability to work. Duloxetine (Cymbalta) is an antidepressant drug that belongs to the class of Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs),  which is used for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). In addition, this class is used for the treatment of anxiety disorders. One of the members of the bcl-2 family is the BAX (BCL2 Associated X, Apoptosis Regulator) and it has a key role in the mitochondrial apoptotic process. Under stress conditions, Bax undergoes a conformation change that triggers apoptosis. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the possible impact of long term administration of antidepressant duloxetine on the oral mucosa and salivary glands in tongue. Material & methods: Twenty adult male albino rats were divided into two equal groups. Group one served as control group. Group two served as treated group which received duloxetine dissolved in distilled water in a daily oral dose of 10 mg/kg body weight using a curved metallic oro-pharyngeal tube. At the end of the experiment which lasted for three months, the rats were euthanized by cervical dislocation. Tissue samples were fixed in 10% formalin, embedded in paraffin, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin to evaluate histopathological finding. Masson’ trichrome for collagen detection. Other sections were used to reveal the immuno-histochemical expression of Bax antibodies through computerized image j analysis software. The expression of the marker was analyzed statistically using Mann-Whitney test. Results: Histopathological finding of long term administration of duloxetine treated animals showed noticeable atrophic and degenerative changes in the surface epithelium and lamina propria of both the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the tongue as well as the lingual salivary gland. Immuno-histochemical finding revealed marked increase in the expression of Bax all over the epithelial cells as well as fibroblast, blood vessels and the lingual salivary glands in the lamina propria. Statistical finding in duloxetine treated animals showed highly significant difference in the expression of Bax. Conclusion: Although duloxetine being useful drug in treatment depression, anxiety and severe pain, it harmfully affected the histological structure of oral mucosa and salivary glands of the tongue in adult rats. Accordingly using of these drugs should be under supervision and strong caution.}, keywords = {Antidepressant,apoptosis,Bax,Duloxetine,Tongue}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77537.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77537_4b8ead41fcd121494cf30434d45078bc.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohamed, Ahmed and Marssafy, Lama}, title = {Clinical evaluation for treatment of chronic inflammatory gingival enlargement using Diode Laser versus Electrocautery gingivectomy}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {66}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {225-235}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.77538}, abstract = {Introduction: Management of gingival enlargement starts with conventional periodontal treatment and might be followed by surgical intervention to return the gingiva to its normal anatomical and physiological contour. Gingivectomy can be done by various techniques as laser and electrocautery. Diode laser as a semiconductor transfer electrical energy into light energy allowing easy manipulation of soft tissue. Electrocautery is a controlled, precise application of heat used with carefully designed electrodes. Materials and Methods: A split mouth study design was done on ten patients having bilaterally symmetrical gingival hyperplasia in lower anterior teeth due to chronic inflammatory gingival enlargement. In each patient, gingivectomy was done with diode laser at the right side and electrocautery at the left side.Results: Intraoperative parameters included haemostasis and duration of surgery which showed no significant difference between both sides while laser showed significant improvement over electrocautery regarding instrument sticking. Postoperative parameters included pain which showed statically significant difference between both sides at 72hs in favor of electrocautery side, and healing index (HI) which showed no significant difference between both sides at 72hs, one week and one month postoperatively. Conclusion: Both treatment modalities were efficient in performing gingivectomy however, Electrocautery was superior to diode laser regarding postoperative pain and diode laser has advantage over electrocautery regarding instrument performance and showed better improvement in healing process.}, keywords = {Gingivectomy,Diode laser,Electrocautery}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77538.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77538_f1513bb41a9dfa90f893a2ab953b4d1f.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Ghani, Safa and Amr, Eman}, title = {A Comparative Study on Anticancer Effect of Crude Venoms of the Egyptian Naja-haje and Viper Cerastescerastes on Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (In Vitro Study)}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {66}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {237-246}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.77539}, abstract = {Objectives This study aimed to examine and compare the anticancer effects and apoptotic potentials of both Najahaje (NH) and the horned viper Cerastescerastes (CC) venoms on Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) cell line. Methods The effect of crude NH and CC venoms on larynx (Hep2) cancer cell line was investigated using MTT cytotoxicity assay, Cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry and Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis for caspase-3 expression.Results venom treated groups NH and CC showed low IC50 values, decreased viability percentage of cancer cells, decreased percentage of DNA content in G0-G1 and S phases, increased percentage of DNA content in G2-M and pre G1 (total apoptosis) phases, increased percentage of cells in early and late apoptotic phases in addition to up-regulation of caspase-3 levels in comparison to negative control.ConclusionThe present study clearly demonstrated high success rate of crude venoms of both Egyptian NH and CC and their promising efficacy against HNSCC cells, which highlights their possible anticancer effect and apoptotic potential Moreover, this study suggests the possibility of using NH and CC crude venoms as potential novel complementary or alternative therapies for HNSCC.}, keywords = {Naja-haje,Viper Cerastescerastes,Head and Neck Squamous Cell,apoptosis}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77539.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77539_8ea215dd9950c9c82fd023a3ea631dca.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohamed, Ahmed and Marssafy, Lama}, title = {Comparative clinical study between Tunnel and VISTA approaches for the treatment of multiple gingival recessions with acellular dermal matrix allograft}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {66}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {247-259}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.77540}, abstract = {Introduction: Gingival recession results from apical migration of the gingival margin leading to root exposure with esthetical and functional problems. Treatment of gingival recession occurs through variable techniques as laterally positioned flaps, coronally advanced flaps, connective tissue graft, tunnel technique and guided tissue regeneration. Acellular Dermal Matrix allograft (ADM) is a safe alternative to autogenous grafts allows the treatment of multiple adjacent recessions. The tunnel technique (Tun) provides good vascularity with absence of the vertical releasing incision. Modification of tunnel technique, vestibular incision subperiosteal tunnel access (VISTA) preserve the papillary integrity and enhances patient’s compliance. Materials and Methods: A split mouth study design was done on ten patients having bilaterally symmetrical maxillary or mandibular two to three adjacent Miller Class I or II gingival recession defects on canine or premolars. In each patient, gingival recession will be treated with VISTA+ADM at the right side and TUN+ADM at the left side. Results: After 6 months follow-up period a statistical significant difference exists between (VISTA+ADM) and (Tun+ADM) sides regarding recession heights and clinical attachment level in favor of (VISTA+ADM) technique. Also a statistically significant difference exists between baseline and 6 months follow-up measurements within each group regarding recession height, clinical attachment level, width of keratinized gingiva and probing depth. Conclusion: Acellular Dermal Matrix allograft is recommended in treatment of multiple gingival recessions. The combination of VISTA+ADM technique found to be more efficient than Tun+ ADM in treatment of Miller class I and II gingival recessions and led to favorable root coverage.}, keywords = {Gingival recession,Acellular Dermal Matrix allograft,tunnel technique,vestibular incision subperiosteal tunnel access}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77540.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77540_6079e23433bb2288261f842291955388.pdf} } @article { author = {Al-Johani, Khalid and El Ashiry, Eman}, title = {Assessment of Oral Health Quality of Life in Patients with Hematological Disorders in Saudi Arabia: Parental Perception}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {66}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {261-268}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.77542}, abstract = {Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the parental perception of the OHRQOL among a group of pediatric patients with hematological disorders and to assess the relationship between the oral health status of pediatric patients with hematological disorders. and their parents’ perception of their OHRQOL. Methods: The QoL of 100 children aged (6-12 years) was assessed using (Franciscan Hospital for Children Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (FHC-OHRQOL) through questionnaire filled by their parents. Oral examination was conducted on children assessing dental caries according to WHO, the oral hygiene according to the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S). Results: 90% of the of parents reported that their children never and rarely suffered from oral related daily problems. Also, 93% of them rated their child as excellent and good when answering section IV of the OHRQOL to assess their perceptions of their child’s oral well-being and overall QOL which not concomitant to the results of the oral examination. Also, results of the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) revealed that children rated by parents as excellent and good scores which falls into the poor oral hygiene index (poor if the score was >2). Conclusion: The results of the study showing that parents are unaware of the severity of the child oral condition and unable to correctly relate this to daily problems affecting the child quality of life. Raising the awareness towards oral health and its effect on the QoL is essential step to enhance their OHRQoL followed by prevention, screening and early detection of oral symptoms and problems.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77542.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77542_1126bf58750b47960c0ee4a014f2738c.pdf} } @article { author = {Almehmadi, Ahmad}, title = {The Prevalence of Cigarette-Smoking among Male Intermediate School Students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia- A cross-sectional study}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {66}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {269-284}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.77543}, abstract = {Objective: The aim of this study was to observe the prevalence rate of cigarette smoking among intermediate students in different school types in Saudi Arabia. The effectiveness of an awareness program towards smoking cessation that was administered in this study was also evaluated.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 13-15-year-old male intermediate school students (n=435) in Saudi Arabia in three different school types (government, private, international). The Global Youth Tobacco Survey core questionnaire were given to assess the students’ tobacco-use along with their demographic information. A clinical examination was performed by calibrated examiners for plaque, gingivitis, caries, and mucosal lesions. An awareness program on smoking cessation was conducted to these students. Results: It was observed that 30.1% of the students had tried cigarette smoking, of which about 4.3% smoked more than 20 cigarettes/day. The majority of the students (87%) had an intent towards smoking cessation, and about 80% of them did not feel compelled because of peer pressure. Also, about 74.3% of the students were not aware of any means to quit smoking and 57.9% of the students had watched media content on tobacco-use. Conclusion: The study concluded that tobacco-use was prevalent among male intermediate school students with a majority of them intending to or have tried to quit the habit. Peer pressure may not have resulted in development of the habit but about half of the population has viewed media content with tobacco-use. Awareness programs on implications of smoking and cessation is warranted at school-level.}, keywords = {prevalence,Smoking,Intermediate Students,Awareness,Smoking cessation}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77543.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77543_365c9ffca381b8c30c239dd894f4a3d5.pdf} } @article { author = {Obeid, Raneem and Abdelmoneim, Hesham and Elsharkawy, Radwa}, title = {Histological evaluation of the ANTIOXIDANT effect of Vitamin E on reversing the negative impact of tartrazine on extraction socket healing. (Randomized controlled trial)}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {66}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {285-292}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.77544}, abstract = {One of a synthetic food dye which used worldwide is Tartrazine, it is an orange-colored, water soluble with a potential toxicological risk. Food or drinks containing tartrazine caused sensitivity symptoms. Vitamin E is an essential lipid-soluble vitamin and has well-established antioxidant properties which improve the proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization, and reduced apoptosis of osteoblastic cells. Aim of this study: to evaluate the effect of tartrazine and co-administration of vitamin E on post extraction socket using histological examination by light microscope.Materials and methods: Surgical extraction of mandibular first molars were done in a twenty one albino rats, the animals were randomly divided into 3 groups; group I (control), group II given tartrazine and group III given tartrazine and Vitamin E (treated group). The duration of the experiments was 14 days. Histological evaluation was done by H & E and Masson trichrome.Results: the bone healing of the extraction socket in the Vitamin E treated group was nearly the same as the control group.Conclusion: Vitamin E has a protective effect as an effective antioxidant on bone healing in post extraction socket and may be useful as a supportive agent in an endless array of dental surgeries.}, keywords = {Extraction,Socket,Vitamin E,Tartrazine,antioxidant,food color,bone healing}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77544.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77544_56457b5bac01876d2c6d80cb06e711d0.pdf} } @article { author = {Zaki, Nada and al Ankily, Mahmoud and Amin, Reham and Halawa, Ahmed}, title = {ASSESSMENT OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES TOXICITY AND THE POSSIBLE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF ADMINISTRATION OF VITAMIN C ON FILIFORM AND CIRCUMVALLATE TONGUE PAPILLAE OF ALBINO RATS HISTOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICALLY STUDY}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {66}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {293-300}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.77546}, abstract = {Introduction: Silver nanoparticles have been used in many fields as catalysts, textile engineering, electronics, optics, and most importantly in the medical field as a bactericidal and as a therapeutic agent. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the toxic effect of silver nanoparticles on filiform and circumvallate tongue papilla of albino rats. In addition to reveal the effect of administration of vitamin c as an antioxidant to overcome this toxicity. Materials and methods: Twenty-eight male Albino rats weighing 200-250 grams were divided into two groups; the control and the experimental groups. The experimental group which is divided into two subgroups, subgroup I receiving silver nanoparticles and subgroup II receiving silver nanoparticles and vitamin c. Animals were kept for 28 days, then rats tongue were dissected and processed to be stained by H & E and examined immunohistochemically for BCL-2. Results: Histological examination of the circumvallate and filiform papillae showed changes in the general outline with apparent thinning of the covering epithelium and overlying keratin layer. In the CVP there was degeneration of some taste cells while in the filiform papilla there were few epithelial cell vacuolations observed specially in the prickle cells layer. On the other hand, vitamin c group showed better histological picture and minimized apoptotic changes. Conclusion: Using of silver nanoparticles caused severe histological and apoptotic changes in the filiform and circumvallate papillae, while using of antioxidants as vitamin c reverse this toxic effect of silver nanoparticles by minimizing the severity of both histological and apoptotic changes.}, keywords = {silver nanoparticles,metal toxicity,filiform,circumvallate,vitamin c}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77546.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77546_b9b254297b769d8f3591f7742064d756.pdf} } @article { author = {Hakam, Heba}, title = {EFFECT OF DEXAMETHASONE INFILTRATION ON PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT AFTER EXPERIMENTAL MOLAR LUXATION IN RATS}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {66}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {301-312}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.77548}, abstract = {Aim of the study: Dexamethasone is a popular corticosteroid in dental practice. Submucosal infiltration of dexamethasone proved to be effective to relief post-operative symptoms in different clinical and research application. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of submucosal dexamethasone single injection on the healing of injured periodontal ligament fibers after molar luxation in rats via histological and gene expression studies. Materials and methods:24 Wistar rats were selected for the study. Luxation injuries were performed for all first mandibular molars of both mandibular sides, right & left. Immediately after luxation, the right sides of the mandibles received submucosal injections of dexamethasone sodium phosphate (0.4mg/ml), while left sides were not dexamethasone injected. Follow up periods were 1, 3 & 7 days. Mandibular specimens were studied by routine histology, and quantitative gene expression analysis was done for fibroblast growth factor (FGF2), caspase-3 & alkaline phosphatase (ALP).Results: Histological features revealed superior results of the dexamethasone group with better regeneration and organization of fibers. Gene expression results revealed significant increase in the expression of both FGF2 and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and a significant decrease in the expression of caspase-3 in the study side when compared to the control side.Conclusion: histologically dexamethasone enhanced the regeneration of torn periodontal ligament fibers with noticeable reduction in inflammation and rise in cellular proliferation. Gene expression reflected the possible benefit of dexamethasone single local injection in the management of periodontal ligament injuries.}, keywords = {dexamethasone,rat,luxation,periodontal ligament,alkaline phosphatase,FGF2,Caspase-3}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77548.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77548_f989b879de403aaaebfe80be4de03f28.pdf} } @article { author = {Abbas, Waleed}, title = {Comparative Randomized Clinical Study of Acellular Dermal Matrix Allograft and Subepithelial Connective Tissue Graft Around Immediate Dental Implants: 12-Months Clinical and Esthetic Outcomes}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {66}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {313-325}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.77549}, abstract = {Objectives: The aim of the present study was to compare the clinical outcomes of immediate implant placement in the anterior maxilla with subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCGT) and acellular dermal matrix allograft (ADMA), during a 12-month postsurgical evaluation. The primary outcome of the study was to assess keratinized mucosa (KM) width changes following the two different clinical protocols. Secondary outcomes were to assess enhancement of the soft tissue using pink esthetic score (PES), changes in bleeding index score and probing depth.Material and methods: Adult patients were eligible for the study if they needed one immediate implant placement (IIP) replacing a tooth to be extracted with thin gingival biotype within the maxillary anterior region. The patients included in the study were divided into two groups; the first group received IIP simultaneously with subepithelial connective tissue graft while patients in the second group received IIP simultaneously with acellular dermal matrix allograft. Clinical assessments including width of keratinized mucosa (KM), pink esthetic score (PES) bleeding Index (BI) and probing depth (PD) were performed before IIP (baseline) and scheduled 4, 8 and 12 months after implant placement. Results: The means of BI and PD values at the 12 months follow up indicated healthy peri-implant soft tissues for both groups. There was no statistically significant difference in KM and PES between both groups through 12 months follow up period.Conclusions: Using acellular dermal matrix allograft can predictably maintain keratinized mucosa and esthetic outcomes as those achieved using subepithelial connective tissue when performed with immediate dental implants. Acellular dermal matrix allograft can be an alternative to subepithelial connective tissue to maintain soft tissue contour around immediate implant placement in esthetic zone with inherited thin soft tissue biotype.}, keywords = {acellular dermal matrix,immediate implants,subepithelial connective tissue,peri-implant keratinized tissue,pink esthetic}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77549.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77549_a639bd10952a235695f7118ac65cfd33.pdf} } @article { author = {Al Serwi, Rasha and Darwish, Samar and Mahran, Yasmen}, title = {Growth hormone modulates the inflammatory and apoptotic pathways incorporated in fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis in rats}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {66}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {327-336}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.77550}, abstract = {Introduction: Oral mucositis (OM) is a well-known complication of radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT) in cancer patients. Although, 5-flourouracil (5-FU) is one of the standard cytotoxic therapies, it is one of the most common causes of OM, which results in delay, dose reduction or treatment discontinuation, thus this intensifies the need for an effective chemoprotective agent. We aimed to investigate the potential chemoprotective effect of growth hormone (GH) on 5-FU-induced OM in rats. Material & Methods: Rats were either exposed to a single 5-FU injection (160 mg/kg ip) and/or treated with GH (1 mg/kg s.c). Oxidative stress, inflammatory and apoptotic markers were assessed. Results: An array of mucosal damage was produced as a result of 5-FU injection, which was evident by histopathology. 5-FU induced a remarkable increase in lipid peroxidation accompanied with a significant depletion of glutathione level. Besides, inflammatory cascades, including NF-κB and IL-6, were elevated significantly. Furthermore, 5-FU stimulated cell death through the significant increase of caspase-3. Interestingly, Pre-treatment with GH markedly ameliorated the deleterious effects of 5-FU through counteracting the oxidative stress and inflammation-mediated apoptosis. In addition, GH rescued the oral mucosal histology following chemotherapy. Conclusions: Our study is the first to demonstrate evidences for the effective chemoprotection provided by GH against 5-FU induced OM along with the underlying mechanisms, which may offer a promising adjuvant therapy for cancer patients.}, keywords = {Growth hormone,Chemotherapy,5- Fluorouracil,Oral mucositis,Inflammation}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77550.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77550_0a295c6f316a86e727545997fa332724.pdf} } @article { author = {Hakam, Heba and Abd Elfatah, Dina}, title = {Alveolar bone morphology and remodeling parameters in the sites of congenitally missing teeth. A pilot study}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {66}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {337-345}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.77551}, abstract = {Aim of the study: The cause of a tooth loss may have an impact on the bone quality at this specific site affecting its Osseo integrative potential. The present study was designed to investigate bone quality and activity in implant fixation sites of congenitally missing teeth compared to others of healed extraction ones. Methods: 10 core biopsies were collected during implant fixation procedure; 5 from sites of healed extraction and 5 from sites of congenitally missing un-grafted ridge. They were all from the same jaw with no predilection of anterior or posterior. The specimens were processed for histological, morphometric & gene expression of RANKL & vitamin D receptors (VDR). Results: histological examination with hematoxylin and eosin showed different bone architecture between the two groups with apparent more intact appearance of the healed extraction group. histomorphometry revealed significant difference between the two groups in the total bone area percentage in favor of the healed extraction group. gene expression values of vitamin D receptors, as well as RANKL, recorded a significant decrease in the congenitally missing samples when compared to the healed extraction ones. Conclusion: the results of the present work suggest the possible effect of cause of tooth loss on the quality of the residual bone which may affect the osteointegration potential in the area that reflects on implant survival rates. More detailed investigation is recommended to include: different areas, different gender as well as involving more growth factors.}, keywords = {congenitally missing teeth,vitamin D receptors,RANKL}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77551.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77551_8b01ed97493e123f1b005482718f23d9.pdf} } @article { author = {Hamdy, Reham and Hussien, Reham and Dahaba, Moushira}, title = {Validity of maxillary sinus volumetric measurements using the 3D orthogonal cone beam computed tomography images versus direct skull volumetric measurements: An in vitro study}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {66}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)}, pages = {347-354}, year = {2020}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.77553}, abstract = {Introduction: the total volume of maxillary sinus is important for maxillofacial reconstruction, plastic surgeries and prosthetic rehabilitation. It is important to diagnose sinus hypoplasia secondary to craniofacial syndromes, sinus obliteration caused by infections or blood dyscrasis. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of CBCT volumetric measurements of maxillary sinus using the geometric rule of pyramid volume based on CBCT linear measurements versus real skull measurements.Materials and methods: fourteen skulls were scanned using Planmeca Promax 3D MID and the maxillary sinus pyramid height, length and width were measured in cm. The volume of 24 sinuses were calculated from pyramid volume (cm3) = 1/3 Height × Length × Width. The CBCT volumes and the reference standard were analyzed for error assessment using Dahelberg error and Relative Dahelberg Error.Results: 4.3- 4.7% was the error obtained from CBCT volumetric measurements using the rule of pyramid volume. 0.9 correlation was detected between the CBCT volume and the reference standard, between the observers and within the same observer.Conclusion: the geometric rule of pyramid volume based on CBCT linear measurements can be used to assess maxillary sinus volume.}, keywords = {Maxillary sinus,CBCT,linear measurements,pyramid volume,accuracy}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77553.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77553_e35bf76b939e8bb3d6b7cb9b58818b93.pdf} }