@article { author = {Hashem, Ahmed Sh. and Aboulmakarem, Omar S. and Refai, Wael M.}, title = {Evaluation of the effects of maxillary expansion and protraction on facial soft tissue profile in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients using cone beam computed tomography}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {67}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {1-8}, year = {2021}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.40590.1225}, abstract = {Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate 3 dimensionally the influence of maxillary expansion and protraction on the facial soft tissue profile in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 2 groups. The first treatment group included randomly selected CBCT scans of 15 unilateral cleft lip and palate patients (8 males and 7 females, mean age 8.3±1 years) with skeletal Class III treated with Hyrax expander for rapid expansion and face mask appliance for maxillary protraction. The CBCT scans for each patient were available before starting the treatment (T1) and after a positive overjet was achieved (T2). The soft tissue profile changes in the treatment group were compared with a closely matched second control group with skeletal Class I relation (7 males and 8 females, mean age of 8.5± 1.1 years). Results: Upper lip protrusion, H angle, prominence of the nose and soft tissue facial height showed statistically significant increase in the first than the second group (P < 0.001). Lower lip protrusion, angle of facial convexity, nasolabial angle and soft tissue chin prominence showed statistically significant decrease in the first than the second group (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Unilateral cleft lip and palate patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion showed significant improvement in the facial soft tissue profile when treated with hyrax expander and face mask.}, keywords = {Cleft Lip and Palate,Face mask appliance,Hyrax expander,Facial soft tissue profile,Cone beam computed tomography}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134439.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134439_7374684722f84f06d4c13d3e89aa7ae2.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdelwassie, Sara and Kaddah, Amgad and El Dakroury, Amr Emad and El-Boghdady, Dalia}, title = {Effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) on Rapid Palatal Expansion: A randomized Clinical-controlled Trial}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {67}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {9-13}, year = {2021}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.44014.1276}, abstract = {Background: Maxillary transverse deficiency treatment during puberty is one of the main orthopedic treatments performed in an orthodontic clinic. The aim of any orthopedic maxillary expander is to increase the skeletal effect with limit the side effects on the dentition. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used in orthodontics to accelerate tooth movement. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of LLLT on the rate of bone-borne maxillary expansion. Methodology: A sample of 24 female patients with transverse maxillary deficiency and bilateral posterior crossbite (age range 10-13 years old) were included in this study. The sample was divided into two groups: Group I: Bone-bone palatal expansion only and Group II: Bone-borne palatal expansion with LLLT. During the 15 days of active palatal expansion, a digital gauge was used to measure the midline diastema, inter-canine, inter-premolar and inter-molar width every day. The results were then used to compare between the two groups in order to study the effect of LLLT on the rate of expansion. Results: A midline diastema started to appear within the 7th to 10th day of expansion. A statistically significant increase was noticed in the inter-canine and inter-premolar width in the first and third day of expansion. Conclusion: Low-level laser therapy caused a significant increase in the rate of inter-canine and inter-premolar width on the first and third day of the expansion phase.}, keywords = {Low-level Last Therapy LLLT,Palatal Expansion,Orthodontics}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134440.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134440_12d879dbf280c0a67491d1bcc62b1d27.pdf} } @article { author = {Mansour, Yasser and Labib, Amr and Munir, Hala and Abdelrahman, Mostafa}, title = {Three-Dimensional Photogrammetric Facial Soft Tissue Analysis of Egyptian Female Adolescents with Accepted Normal Occlusion (Cross sectional study)}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {67}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {15-18}, year = {2021}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.44209.1278}, abstract = {Background: Soft tissue normal values represent useful guidelines for proper diagnosis and evaluation of orthodontic patients. The objective of this cross-sectional study is to determine the normal values of the vertical facial soft tissue of Egyptian female adolescents. Methodology: Thirty female Participants 11-15 years of age with balanced facial proportions, full permanent dentition and Angle Class I molar and canine relationship were included in this study. Three-dimensional surface data was acquired using Planmeca ProMax 3D ProFace unit. The participant’s data was admitted to the Planmeca Romexis 4.5.0.R software in the associated computer unit prior to the imaging procedure. For all processed images five standard anthropometric landmarks were identified to perform our measurements: Trichion (Tr`), Gnathion (Gn`), Nasion(N`), Subnasale (Sn`) and Sublabiale (Sl`). Results: The mean anterior face height (Tr-Gn’) for the total sample was found 172.6mm±7.99mm. While, the mean height of the forehead (Tr-N’) for total sample was 63.6mm ±7.5mm. The mean morphological height of the face (N’-Gn) was 112.6mm +6.4mm The mean lower face height (Sn-Gn’) was 64.2mm ±5.3mm. The chin height (Sl-Gn’) for the total sample was 22.9mm±2.6mm. Conclusion: Soft tissue normal values represent useful guidelines for proper diagnosis and evaluation of orthodontic patients. Most of the facial measurements of Egyptian female adolescents were can be different or similar according to different ethnic groups.}, keywords = {Photogrammetric,soft tissue analysis,Adolescents}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134441.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134441_f415a7064312bbe746e4f6bcca94a76c.pdf} } @article { author = {Nadhreen, Alaa and Sabbagh, Heba and Alamoudi, Najlaa and Elkhodary, Heba}, title = {Photobiomodulation 810 nm Diode Laser and Formocresol for primary molar Pulpotomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {67}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {19-30}, year = {2021}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.47601.1314}, abstract = {Objectives: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT), commonly referred to as photobiomodulation therapy, has become a technique of interest due to its anti-inflammatory action. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the clinical and radiographic success rates of LLLT (PBM)1 and formocresol (FC) for pulpotomy in human primary teeth. Methods: This randomized split-mouth clinical trial included a sample of 106 primary molars from 36 children aged between 5-8 years. Selected teeth were equally assigned to two groups: LLLT (PBM) and FC groups. The treated teeth were evaluated clinically after 3 and 9 months and radiographically after 9 months. Mc-Nemar test was used to compare the outcomes between groups. Results: After 3 and 9 months, the clinical success rates were 98% for both groups. The radiographic success rates were 100% in the LLLT (PBM) group and 98% for the FC group at the 9-month follow-up interval. Conclusions: Our results suggest that LLLT (PBM) yielded favorable initial outcomes when compared to FC in human primary molar teeth over a 9-month follow-up period. Further studies with a longer follow-up period is still required in addition to histological studies for the potential healing effects of LLLT (PBM) to support the initial clinical and radiographic outcomes. Trial Registration: This trial was retrospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under the ID, NCT03782714, on 22nd of December 2018.}, keywords = {Low-level laser therapy,photobiomodulation,Pulpotomy,primary molars,Formocresol}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134442.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134442_2c197c21606ea0902410cd56894f9977.pdf} } @article { author = {Rashid, Adel and El Feky, Hanem and Abdel Goad, Ahmed and Abdelhady, Salwa}, title = {Effects Of Removable Anterior Expansion Screw on Speech Intelligibility In a Group of Egyptian Children}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {67}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {31-39}, year = {2021}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.47582.1312}, abstract = {Abstract Aim : This study was conducted to evaluate the speech disorders that could be reported after insertion of removable anterior expansion screw appliances used for correction of anterior dental crossbite. Materials and Methods: Fifty children with mean age (9.36±0.99 years) and diagnosed to have anterior dental crossbite. The anterior crossbite was planned to be corrected with removable anterior screw and posterior bite plane. Speech evaluation (including: articulation test and speech intelligibility test) was performed ; before appliance insertion , immediately after appliance insertion , one weeh after appliance insertion and finally after one month from appliance insertion . Results : Before appliance insertion, all sounds were intact for the majority of the cases 42(84%). Immediately after insertion, all the cases had difficulty in producing /s/, /s. /, /z/ sounds (100%). After one week of insertion, majority of the cases 30(60%) still had difficulty in producing the same sounds. While, After one month of insertion, most of the cases 40(80%) had no problem in producing different sounds . Conclusion : The speech performance while using removable anterior expansion screw for was worst immediately after placement of the appliance and 1 week respectively and improved after one month of appliance insertion.}, keywords = {Anterior crossbite,speech intelligibility,Anterior Expansion Screw}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134443.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134443_dc0b666e74fd61a16843c5be639ca8c5.pdf} } @article { author = {Elkhatib, Moataz and El- Dokky, Norhan and Nasr, Rania}, title = {The Eruption Sequence of Primary and Permanent Teeth in a Group of Children}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {67}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {41-54}, year = {2021}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.46954.1297}, abstract = {Aim: Determine eruption dates & sequence and to correlate between chronological and developmental age of eruption of primary and permanent teeth. Methods: Study sample consisted of 1526 apparently healthy children of both sexes, 1020 children were selected from schools, and 506 children were selected from children attending Maternal and Child Welfare Centers. Results: Eruption sequence in primary teeth in both sexes was: LA, UA, UB, LB, UD, LD, UC, LC, LE, and UE. Sequence of eruption of permanent teeth in boys was: L6, L1, L2, U1, U2, U6, L4, U4, U5, L3, L5, L7, upper permanent second molar U7 and U3. In girls: L1, L2, U1, U2, U6, L6, L3, L4, L5, U4, U5, L7, U7, and U3. In boys, deviation from the standard range exceeding 50% except for LA, UE, and LE. In girls, deviation was exceeding 50% in UC, UE, LA, LB, LC, LD, and LE. There were statistically significant difference between means age of eruption of permanent teeth in boys and girls for U1, U2, U5, U6, and L6. Conclusion: Sequence and dates of eruption of teeth differ among populations. Orthodontists and pediatric dentists can rely on specific standards of Eruption dates & sequence for diagnosis, treatment planning, and preventive programs.}, keywords = {Eruption sequence,Chronology of tooth eruption,Permanent teeth and Deciduous teeth}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134444.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134444_65a455fdcf011d51d8598f2348c54192.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Dawlatly, Mostafa and Aboulfotouh, Mai}, title = {Analyzing the contribution of the dental components and abnormal habits in the development of dental open bite in growing children: A cross sectional study}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {67}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {55-60}, year = {2021}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.48282.1320}, abstract = {Dental Open bite malocclusion could be caused by either aberrant dental development or abnormal oral habits. Aim: The current study aimed at analyzing the causative factors of dental open bite in a group of growing female subjects having normal vertical growth pattern. Materials and methods: Dental measurements were performed on lateral cephalometric radiographs and study models of 176 growing females with an age range of 9-12 years and average vertical skeletal growth pattern. They were divided into 2 equal groups; group 1 consisted of subjects with dental open bite and group 2 consisted of subjects with normal overbite. The existence of oral habits was also recorded for each patient in the 2 groups Results: The flattened curve of Spee and the proclination of the upper incisors were statistically higher in the open bite group. The ratios of occurrence of thumb sucking, tongue thrusting and mouth breathing habits in the open bite group were statistically higher than in the control group. Conclusions: The flattened curve of Spee, and the proclination of upper incisors, together with some oral habits should be cautiously addressed by the orthodontic clinician during the treatment planning process of open bite malocclusions. This could help in resolving the causative factor of the malocclusion.}, keywords = {dental open bites,Oral habits,negative overbite,dental components,Curve of Spee}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134445.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134445_6953bebc6afe4dd5b9657f6a6e05ef6a.pdf} } @article { author = {Talaat, Dalia and Omar, Samia}, title = {Comparative evaluation of the effect of black and green tea on artificially demineralized permanent enamel: in vitro study}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {67}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {61-70}, year = {2021}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.49037.1328}, abstract = {ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate and compare the effect of black and green tea on initial enamel caries like lesions of extracted human permanent teeth through microhardness analysis and polarized light microscopic evaluation. Materials and methods: Fifty extracted young premolars with a standardized window on enamel were immersed in a demineralizing solution for 48 hours to produce subsurface enamel lesions. They were divided into two groups according to the type of treatment (n= 25), group I: teeth were treated by black tea infusion; group II: teeth were treated by green tea infusion. The enamel surface microhardness was measured at baseline, after the incipient enamel lesion, and after treatment. Additional twenty young premolars were selected and prepared for evaluation of the changes in enamel birefringence using the polarized light microscope. Results: Both groups showed a statistically significant increase in enamel surface microhardness after treatment as compared to the demineralization phase. By comparing the two groups, there was a statistically significant difference in the percentage of surface microhardness recovery after treatment in favor of the black tea group (P <0.0001). The polarized light microscope showed an increase in the negative enamel birefringence in both groups with less degree in the green tea group. Conclusion: Both black and green tea have a remineralizing effect on the initial enamel caries lesions with better effect of the black tea. Keywords: Initial enamel lesions, Black tea, Green tea, Microhardness, Polarized light microscope.}, keywords = {Initial enamel lesions,Black tea,green tea,Microhardness,Polarized light microscope}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134447.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134447_24839b4f003998da54546ca872ce776f.pdf} } @article { author = {Aboulfotouh, Mai and Attia, khaled and ElFeky, Hanem}, title = {Three-dimensional effects of maxillary protraction on Pharyngeal Airway}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {67}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {71-78}, year = {2021}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.48855.1326}, abstract = {Introduction: patients with maxillary deficiency can exhibit reduced pharyngeal airway dimensions which can negatively affect the breathing efficiency of such cases. Objective: the purpose of this study was to measure the changes in pharyngeal airway dimensions induced by maxillary protraction using facemask in a group of growing skeletal class III patients. Materials and methods: 20 growing patients with ages ranging between 8-11 years and CVMI stages 1& 2 were included in the study. Patients were diagnosed of skeletal class III malocclusion due to maxillary deficiency. All patients received facemask therapy as a treatment. CBCT scans were taken before the beginning of the treatment and by the end. The nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal airway volumes and the minimum constricted area were measured using Dolphin software on CBCT scans. Results: All the measured airway dimensions increased significantly after facemask therapy. Conclusion: maxillary protraction induced by facemask treatment in young children was able to effect significant changes in the measured airway dimensions.}, keywords = {Airway,Maxillary protraction,Skeletal class III,nasopharyngeal,Oropharyngeal}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134446.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134446_f128c8d6525233422fa724e3a55456d0.pdf} } @article { author = {Shaheen, Nada and Waly, Nevine and ElShiekh, Manal}, title = {Evaluation of knowledge- Attitude- Practice (KAP) of Intern Dentists in Emergency Management of Traumatic dental Injuries in Permanent Anterior teeth (A Cross-sectional Study)}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {67}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {79-84}, year = {2021}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.49543.1335}, abstract = {Background: This cross sectional study aimed to evaluate Egyptian intern dentist’s knowledge, Attitude and Practice in emergency management of traumatic dental injuries in permanent anterior teeth. Materials and Methods: A four-part questionnaire was distributed among 500 intern dentists. Part 1 consisted of 8 questions focusing on personal and professional information, part 2 consisted of 3 close-ended questions and the 4th question was a case which included 9 close-ended questions related to the case, Part 3 consisted of 9 close-ended questions to assess the attitude of intern dentists, and part 4 consisted of 4 close-ended questions related to assessment of practice of intern dentists regarding traumatic dental injuries in permanent anterior teeth in children .The data were analyzed using the t-test at P < 0.05 level of confidence. Results: A total of 500 intern dentists participated in the survey, 235 (47%) were males and 265 (53%) were females. The overall mean age was 23.6 ± 1.3 years. The mean value of knowledge scores was 4.37 ± 1.45. There was no statistically significant correlation between knowledge score of intern dentist and ability to provide proper action when needed. Conclusion: The knowledge of intern dentists regarding the management of traumatic dental injuries in permanent anterior teeth was inadequate.}, keywords = {Traumatic dental injuries,dental trauma,Dental emergency,Permanent anterior teeth,Young immature permanent teeth}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134448.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134448_faddd0c5d4a639fb445ab062dd0405fa.pdf} } @article { author = {Moheb, Dalia and Nasr, Rania and Azab, Maha}, title = {Pediatric Dentists in the Time of COVID-19 Pandemic; the Challenges and Burden}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {67}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {85-99}, year = {2021}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.51601.1370}, abstract = {Background: World Health Organization declared COVID-19 to be a public health emergency and a pandemic; this comes with recommendations for restriction of dental work. Aim: To assess the level of knowledge, attitudes and clinical practices of pediatric dentists regarding COVID-19 pandemic outbreak and evaluate the psychological burden on the dentists and children. Design: The study population is pediatric dentists recruited through five pediatric dentists Facebook groups. Web-based questionnaire was created using Google forms, structured of multiple-choice questionnaire, and divided into: (demographic, knowledge, practices, and behavior management techniques) sections. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to describe items included in the survey. Numbers and percentages were used to describe categorical data. Results: 202 responses were included in analysis. 77% described their knowledge as very good or good. Most infection control practices were followed by the majority 55.3-96.5%. 85.1% feel anxious regarding their own safety. There was no clear difference between children attitudes and behaviors in clinic. Conclusions: Pediatric dentists’ knowledge and practices regarding the pandemic are adequate, however; continuous updating is essential in this dynamic situation. Organizations should show support to ease economic burden and facilitate access to protective equipment. The stressful situation is affecting parents more than children.}, keywords = {COVID-19 pandemic,pediatric dentists,Attitudes,Clinical Practices}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134449.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134449_76d147045ff057554c7c334e449b890a.pdf} } @article { author = {Alaa eldeen, Raghda and el dakroury, amr and el sharaby, fouad and el beialy, amr and Aboulfotouh, Mai}, title = {Evaluation of fixed mandibular retainer using 3D printed positioning tray versus direct bonding technique a Randomized Clinical trial}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {67}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {101-107}, year = {2021}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.51490.1367}, abstract = {Objective: to compare the chairside time of fixed mandibular retainers when bonded using the conventional direct technique and the 3D printed positioning tray. Methods: A randomized clinical trial was performed using the two techniques to directly and indirectly bond the fixed lingual retainers, 20 subjects who in need of fixed retainers showing no signs of enamel defects or signs of gingival inflammation were recruited in this study. 20 retainers were bonded to the lower anterior teeth. Group I was the intervention group (3D positioning tray technique) and Group II was the comparative (the direct technique). In the intervention group, lower impression was taken and the cast produced was scanned using desktop scanner to produce the digital model on which the virtual retainer was placed using the OrthoAnalyzer software. The tray was designed by using Appliance Designer software and printed with rigid resin to allow ease of insertion and removal. The wire was placed inside the 3D positioning tray and then transferred inside the patients mouth the chairside time was recorded ,In the comparative group, same steps where done as intervention group, but with the exception of the bonding technique where the retainer was placed directly inside the patients mouth. Results: the Chairside time in group I (3D printed positioner) was (15:35 ± 0.03) minutes while in group II (Control) was (17:52 ± 0.05) minutes. Conclusion: The chairside time difference between the two bonding techniques was statistically significant, with the 3D positioning tray technique taking less chairside time than direct technique.}, keywords = {fixed,mandibular,retainers}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134450.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134450_bec131c9b7573a935a456d1829ab2e6f.pdf} } @article { author = {Rashid, Adel and El Feky, Hanem and Issa, Noha}, title = {Accuracy of Miniscrew Insertion Using a Customized Printed Three-Dimensional Surgical Guide (A Comparative Split Mouth Study)}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {67}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {109-118}, year = {2021}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.51898.1379}, abstract = {Aim of the study This study was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of a new constructed 3D CBCT image–based surgical guide for miniscrew implantation . Materials and Methods Twenty five adult patients of were included in the current study (13 males and 12 females). Mandibular arch of every patient was randomly divided into : one experimental side ( miniscrews were placed using surgical guide ) and one comparison side ( miniscrews were placed conventionally without surgical guide. For both sides (experimental and comparison side); Linear measurements were recorded on the software of coronal deviations, apical deviations and vertical deviations . Also , angular measurements were recorded in both mesiodistal and buccolingual dimensions for the actual plan and the real mini screws . At the end all deviations were calculated and statistical analysis was performed. Results A significantly higher level of accuracy (lower differences from the actual value) was achieved with the surgical guide technique (p < 0.001) than hand drilling technique for all measurements . Conclusions Three Dimensional surgical guides provide a precise method for miniscrew placement into the dentoalveolar bone.}, keywords = {Miniscrew placement,Surgical Guide,accuracy}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134451.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134451_736bab80acc4342d2c8d8b6165b2b12b.pdf} } @article { author = {Shawky, Rania and Khattab, Nagwa and yassa, Mina}, title = {EVALUATION OF THE REMINERALIZING EFFECT OF THEOBROMINE AND FLUORIDE USING SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {67}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {119-126}, year = {2021}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.52781.1402}, abstract = {Background: Theobromine is a natural alkaloid of plant origin; theobroma cacao. Attempts have been made to use it as a remineralizing agent. Aim of the study: Assessment of the remineralizing potential of theobromine containing toothpastes compared to those with fluoride using scanning electron microscope. Methods: 15 maxillary first bicuspids were selected. Crowns were sectioned and immersed in a demineralizing solution for 4 days. 30 specimens were divided into 3 groups (10 specimens each); group 1, specimens brushed with toothpastes containing theobromine, group 2, specimens brushed with toothpastes containing fluoride and group 3 for specimens brushed with toothpaste free of fluoride or theobromine. The brushing time was 9 minutes and 20 seconds each. Remineralization was carried out using a pH cycling model for 3 days using artificial saliva. The enamel was scanned before and after demineralization and after remineralization. Results: A statistically significant difference was found in calcium and phosphate levels between group 1and 3 and also between group 2 and 3, however no statistical significant difference between group 1and 2. Conclusion: Theobromine could be suitable alternative to fluoride for caries prevention in terms of safety and efficiency.}, keywords = {Theobromine,fluoride,remineralization,SEM}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134452.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134452_4807f4fd7f0adc909f363c6002e9ec36.pdf} } @article { author = {Shehata, Mohamed and Khattab, Nagwa and Yassa, Mina}, title = {Evaluation of the Remineralizing Effect of Fluoridated Toothpaste with Sodium Hexametaphosphate on Demineralized Primary Teeth Enamel}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {67}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {127-130}, year = {2021}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.52770.1401}, abstract = {Background: A primary aim of pediatric dentists is to repair the early demineralized enamel without intervention through remineralization. Sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) is a remineralizing material that has been reported to have promising results for caries management. Aim of the study: Evaluation of the remineralization potential of fluoridated toothpaste with SHMP on demineralized enamel of primary teeth. Materials and Methods: Fifty six freshly extracted anterior deciduous teeth were collected and divided into four groups regarding the concentrations of SHMP added to 400 ppm F containing tooth paste. Three groups contained (0.25%, 0.5%, 1%) respectively and a control group without SHMP. Specimens were treated with the tooth pastes and exposed to pH cycling for 5 days then a remineralizing solution for additional 2 days. Specimens were evaluated using Digital Radiographic Density Analysis at baseline, after demineralization and after remineralization. Results: Teeth treated with SHMP showed marked remineralization effect than those treated with fluoride alone. Increasing the concentration of SHMP from 0.25, 0.5 to 1%, associated with increased the remineralizing effect. Conclusion: SHMP has a superior remineralizing effect over fluoride alone. 1% SHMP concentration added to 400F ppm toothpaste provided the best results.}, keywords = {Enamel remineralization,Sodium Hexametaphosphate,Toothpaste,fluoride,primary teeth}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134453.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134453_c1798a6abaa5596cb55727a15f9f3d45.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd Al Gawad, Randa and Hanafy, Rasha}, title = {The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Utilization of Pediatric Dental Care of Egyptian Children: A Retrospective Study}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {67}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {131-137}, year = {2021}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.52574.1396}, abstract = {Background: The novel Coronavirus pandemic may have a strong influence on the utilization of emergency pediatric dental services. Aim: To assess how the novel COVID-19 pandemic influenced emergency pediatric dental treatment utilization patterns in Egypt. Methods: Data of children seeking urgent dental care for the first time for 20 consecutive working days before the declaration of the partial curfew in Egypt [Group (1)] and another 20 days after that date [Group (2)] were retrieved from the Electronic Archive Filing System Unit and statistically analyzed. Results: The study included data of 705 children (Group (1): 470, Group (2): 235); where the number of children reduced to about half. There were non-significant differences between Group (1 & 2) regarding different types of emergency and non-emergency treatment requirements. Most of the children before (99.1%) and after curfew (98.3%) sought emergency treatment due to dental caries. Conclusions: COVID-19 pandemic influenced the number of children seeking urgent dental services; however, the treatment requirements are nearly similar. The proportion of pediatric emergency and non-emergency dental complaints are comparable before and after the partial curfew.}, keywords = {COVID-19,Dental,Emergency,Pediatric,utilization}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134454.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134454_3bd0f631ff0d0d87ca029c60cc56bc93.pdf} } @article { author = {Ibrahim, Hala and Khattab, Nagwa and yassa, Mina}, title = {ASSESSMENT OF ANTIBACTERIAL EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT OBTURATION MATERIALS FOR PRIMARY TEETH (AN IN VITRO STUDY)}, journal = {Egyptian Dental Journal}, volume = {67}, number = {Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)}, pages = {139-143}, year = {2021}, publisher = {The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)}, issn = {0070-9484}, eissn = {2090-2360}, doi = {10.21608/edj.2020.52787.1403}, abstract = {Background: A desirable property of an obturation material in primary teeth is its antibacterial effect, this property promotes the disinfection of the pulp canals and improve the prognosis of pulpectomy and treatment outcomes. Aim of the study: evaluation the antibacterial potential of various obturation materials for primary teeth; Zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) only, calcium hydroxide with iodoform (Metapex) and a mixture of zinc oxide eugenol, calcium hydroxide and iodoform (Endoflas) against selected strains of bacteria; Enterococcus faecalis and Bacteroid fragilis. Materials and Methods: Agar diffusion method was used in which the antibacterial potential was tested by measuring the inhibition zone around each tested obturating material. Results: (Endoflas) showed the highest mean value of inhibition zone, in both types of bacteria, over the (Zinc-oxide and Eugenol) and (Metapex). The difference between the three obturating materials was statistically significant. Conclusion: The three obturating materials reported different antibacterial effect however, Endoflas was superior to Metapex and ZOE.}, keywords = {obturating materials,Pulpectomy,Endoflas,calcium hydroxide with iodoform}, url = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134455.html}, eprint = {https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_134455_ff8191e6a38ecb82396b24a6050a8c2c.pdf} }