The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Antibacterial effect of different types of glass ionomer restorations on streptcocus mutans
329
334
EN
Rasha
Raafat
Lecturer of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.77088
Statement of problem: failure of any restorative system is most frequently caused by caries; it would be advantageous if the restoration possessed antibacterial properties. <br />Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the inhibitory activity of three different glass ionomer restorative systems against streptococcus mutans using the agar diffusion test. <br />Material and methods: The antibacterial activity of three types of glass ionomer restorations (Ketac Fil Plus;3M, Ketac Silver Aplicap; 3M, Chemfil rock; Dentsply) were evaluated against Streptococcus mutans using the agar inhibition test. Zone of inhibition on Mitis salivarius agar plates was measured after 24 hours, 48 hours and one week. Data were explored for normality using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test of normality. And one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to compare between groups. This was followed by Tukey post hoc test for multiple pairwise comparisons. <br />Results: At 24 hours Statistically significant largest zone of inhibition was observed with Ketac fil plus with no statistically significant difference between Ketac silver and Chemfil rock whereas at 48 hours and one week no statistically significant difference among all the tested groups. <br />Conclusions: Within the limits of this in-vitro study it can be concluded that conventional GIC had antibacterial effect against the streptococcus mutans better than silver zinc reinforced types of GICs especially within the first 24 hours. Also addition of new elements as silver or zinc for GICs affect negatively on their anti-bacterial role as it increase their strength and hardness with decreasing solubility so limited leach out of ions from restorations.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77088.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77088_55928166095fc9932cf59c0d67d46a89.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Effect of carbamide peroxide bleaching with and without topical desensitizing gels on enamel roughness, microhardness, and bond strength to orthodontic brackets
335
346
EN
Abeer
A.M.M
Elhatery
Lecturer at Dental Biomaterial Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Kafer Elsheikh University, Kafer Elsheikh, Egypt
Mohammed
M.
Ellaithy
Associate Professor at Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.77089
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the influence of two concentrations of carbamide peroxide bleaching agents with and without topical desensitizing gels on enamel microhardness, roughness, and shear bond strength to orthodontic metal brackets.<br />Methods: One hundred and sixty-eight (168) human extracted premolars for orthodontic purpose were obtained and randomly divided into seven groups (n =24): Group 1, control group (Neither bleaching nor desensitizing); Group 2, bleached with 22% carbamide peroxide; Group 3, bleached with 22% carbamide peroxide followed by Minerals desensitizing gel; Group 4, bleached with 22% carbamide peroxide followed by ‘’D.M. Sense’’ desensitizing gel; Group 5, bleached with 35% carbamide peroxide; Group 6, bleached with 35% carbamide peroxide followed by Minerals desensitizing gel; Group 7, bleached with 35% carbamide peroxide followed by ‘’D.M. Sense’’ desensitizing gel. Microhardness test and roughness measurements were carried on specimens immediately after finishing of treatment, using Vickers Diamond Microhardness Tester and Roughness Analyzer respectively. Only specimens for brackets shear bond strength (SBS) were stored for 7 days in distilled water after treatments and before testing. Shear bond strength were tested using Instron Universal Testing Machine <br />Results: Statistical significant differences were found between groups. Groups that received bleaching treatments only, showed greater deterioration in all tested properties than, groups received desensitizing treatments after bleaching treatment. <br />Conclusion: Application of desensitizing agent after in-home bleaching is highly recommended to minimize deleterious effects of bleaching agents.
bleaching,Carbamide Peroxides,Enamel Roughness,Microhardness,Brackets shear bond strength
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77089.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77089_9aa95407288a889ef25ec82a2e6599f6.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Immunological Evaluation of Different Implant Abutment Interfaces for Complete Lower Implant Assisted Overdenture in Controlled Diabetic Patients
347
354
EN
Faten
A.S.
Abutaleb
Assistant Prof of Removable Prosthodontics, Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University
Hesham
S.
Borg
Lecturer of Removable Prosthodontics, Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, October 6 University
10.21608/edj.2018.77092
Immunological and inflammatory mechanisms perform a key role in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to evaluate immunologically the effect of different implant abutment interface, the platform switched (PS) and platform matched (PM) implants for implant assisted complete mandibular overdenture in controlled type II diabetic patients. <br />Methodology: Ten edentulous controlled type II diabetic male patients were selected in a split- mouth study design, where group I represented the right side of the patient and restored with platform-switched implant while group II represented the left side of the patient and restored with platform matched implants. The patients received complete mandibular implant assisted overdenture with O-ring attachment. Saliva samples were collected to measure the level of salivary cytokines (TNF-α & IL-6) using ELISA technique. The recall visits for every patient was at the time of insertion, 3 and 6 months. The data of this study were collected, tabulated and statistically analyzed by IBM-SPSS statistics software. <br />Results: Comparing from denture insertion for group 1, both cytokines (TNF-α & IL-6) were significantly increased after 3 months and significantly decreased after six months, but there were insignificant differences in both cytokines from denture insertion up to 6 months. While for group 2, there a was significant increase from 0 to 3 months and from 0 to 6 months and significant decrease from 3 to 6 months. When comparing the two studied groups regarding the mean level of both pro inflammatory salivary cytokines (TNF-α& IL-6) after 3 and six months of the new denture delivery, group II levels were significantly higher than group I levels. There were significant differences between both groups. Group I implants represented less mean of TNF-α & IL-6 levels. <br />Conclusion: TNF-α and IL-6 can be used as a site specific marker in monitoring early inflammatory changes in peri-implant sulcular fluid. Platform-Switched dental implant is the implant of choice particularly in controlled type II diabetic patients to control inflammatory changes around implant and avoid progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Diabetes mellitus- Platform switching implants- platform matching implants,immunological study
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77092.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77092_a8a78a4068a8380e913f1a14d8681d25.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Bone height changes around hybrid implants in three implant retained mandibular Overdentures
355
362
EN
Eatemad
R.
Taha
Associate Professor, Department of Removable Prosthodontics, College of Oral and Dental Surgery, The Canadian
Ahram University Egypt
Azza
F.
Metwally
Associate professor, Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo
University, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.77094
Objective: The purpose of this RCL was to evaluate bone height changes around hybrid implants in three implant- retained mandibular overdenture with locator attachment.<br />Materials & Methods: Ten completely edentulous male patients were enrolled in this study. Preoperative Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) had been made to evaluate bone height & density in areas for implant installation. Patients had received three hybrid implants installed in midline & mandibular canine areas following flapless technique. Implants were early loaded; two weeks after implant installation. Overdentures were functionally fitted onto the locator attachment of the hybrid implants by direct pick-up technique.<br />Evaluation: Bone height changes were evaluated with the aid of CBCT at the time of implants’ loading, six months and twelve months later. Mesial & distal crestal bone heights were calculated from reconstructed corrected sagittal views.<br />Results: The results had revealed that there was no significant difference in peri-implant bone level throughout the follow-up periods on comparing the three implant sites. However, there was slightly higher bone resorption around the distal implants than the midline ones.<br />Conclusions Three implant retained overdentures with locator attachments may preserve peri-implant bone in the anterior mandibular area. Midline implant in three implant overdentures may not be subjected to more stresses than the two distal implants
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77094.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77094_20a7cf8a998c31f849c998af534fa048.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Mineral Trioxide Aggregate VS Calcium Enriched Mixture molar pulpotomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
363
371
EN
Marwa
El-Sayed
Sharaan
Lecturer in Endodontics, College of Dentistry, Suez Canal University
Mohamed
Ibrahim
Rabie
Lecturer in Endodontics, College of Dentistry, Suez Canal University
10.21608/edj.2018.77095
Objectives: The aim of the current systematic review /meta-analysis was to perform a comparison of the outcomes of Calcium Enriched Mixture (CEM) and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) as agents for pulpotomy in primary and permanent molars.The proposed PICO question was “Whenever there is vital pulp exposure in primary and permanent molars, what are the treatment outcomes of CEM compared to MTA pulpotomy regarding clinical and radiographic success?” <br />Methods: We looked for published randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of the at least 12-month period; the search covered papers published up to July 2017 in PubMed (Medline) and SpringerLink databases. Meta-analysis was performed using R program 3.3.3 with specialized meta-analysis packages, namely rmeta, metaphor, and RGtk2. Data was reformulated dichotomously (success or other [healing, failure, or missing]) for the selected studies. The fixed effect model was tested, OR (Odds ratio), RR (Risk ratio), and 95% CI (Confidence interval) were calculated using the formulated raw dichotomous data of the selected studies. The heterogeneity among studies was assessed using standard chi- square test and Woolf’s test. Mantel-Haenszel fixed-effect method was used to compute OR for the fixed model. The level of significance was at 0.05. <br />Results: Four hundred forty-nine articles were gathered. Two reviewers screened the articles, and three RCTs were included in the study. After the assessment, three RCTs were suitable for meta-analysis tested by Mantel Haenszel method. Statistically, the insignificant difference was found between the success rate of CEM compared to MTA, with OR=0.92(95% CI, 0.57-1.49). RR= 0.94 (95% CI, 0.66-1.35). Test for heterogeneity showed p-values (0.4241, 0.4455) <br />Conclusions: Systematic review /meta-analysis of the chosen RCTs showed that CEM pulpotomy in human teeth presented insignificant but superior clinical and radiographic success compared to those treated with MTA. Good quality and homogeneity of the included RCTs were yielded.
Calcium Enriched Mixture,Meta-Analysis,Mineral trioxide aggregate
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77095.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77095_9e14c0b1760c563f48f92d0c9f5c71b7.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Zirconia Versus BioHPP Frameworks On Stresses Induced In Implants Supporting Structures Using ALL-ON-4® Protocol (Strain Gauge Analysis)
373
381
EN
Ahmed
Osama
Shawky
Associate Professor of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry Ain Shams University
Shaimaa
Lotfy
Lecturer of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry Ain Shams University
10.21608/edj.2017.77098
Objectives: This study was carried out to compare Zirconia & BioHPP frameworks regarding stresses induced on implants supporting structures with ALL-ON-4®protocol using strain gauge analysis. <br />Materials and Methods: Completely edentulous maxillary cast was prototyped using 3D printing technology. This was done via scanning an educational model and designing a STL file including all the details required; implants beds, mucosal space for mucosa simulation and vertical slots for strain gauges which were 1mm distal and labial to each implant. Printing was ordered and mucosa simulation was done. Four dummy implants were placed in their beds. Multiunit abutments were secured to the implants, then fixed detachable prostheses were fabricated. In this study two models were conducted: Model (1): Complete implant supported Zirconia fixed detachable prosthesis. Model (2): Complete implant supported BioHPP (Bio-High Performance Polyether) fixed detachable prosthesis. Strain gauges were supplied with fully encapsulated grids and attached wires. The wire used for strain gauges were insulated by a packing material. Micro strains were recorded at each site of the strain gauges with enough time elapsed between each testing. <br />The applied load started from zero up to 100N.<br />Results: The results obtained from this study revealed significant difference (P ≤0.05) between the Zirconia and BioHPP fixed detachable prosthesis on the average stresses falling on the implants when vertical bilateral load was applied. It also revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between the two-fixed detachable prosthesis when unilateral (vertical& oblique) load was applied as it was found that the BioHPP transmitted less stresses than Zirconia.<br />Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it could be concluded that, Unilateral loading was more traumatic to the implants compared to bilateral loading regarding the fixed detachable prosthetic materials as bilateral loading provides wide distribution of stresses. Also, unilateral loading was more traumatic to the implants in the Zirconia than BioHPP fixed detachable prosthesis. Finally, Zirconia can be considered the last choice dental materials especially those used in implant over structure owing to high stresses it transmits to the implants and supporting structures although of its superior esthetics and durability.
dental implant,ALL-ON-4,fixed detachable prosthesis,Zirconia,BioHPP and strain gauges analysis
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77098.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77098_0c71dd40906a3ac362f8497f6d04febe.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Effect of One Year Brushing with Nano-Hydroxyapatite Modified Toothpaste on Surface Roughness and Micro-Shear Bond Strength of Enamel to Resin Composite Restoration Using Two Adhesive Systems: In vitro study
383
396
EN
Dalia
M
Abdel-Hamid
Assistant Professor of Dental Materials Science, Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt
Norhan
A
El-Dokky
Assistant Professor of Pediatric Dentistry, Pediatric and Community Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry,
Cairo University, Egypt
Sherif
B
El-Tawil
Assistant Professor of Pediatric Dentistry, Pediatric and Community Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry,
Cairo University, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.78095
This study aimed at evaluating in vitro the effect of one year brushing with 10 wt. % nano- hydroxyapatite (n-HAp) modified toothpaste on surface roughness and micro-shear bond strength (µ-SBS) of enamel to resin composite restoration (Filtek Z350 XT Universal Restorative) using total-etch (TE), Adper Single Bond Plus Adhesive and self-etch (SE), Single Bond Universal Adhesive systems. Thirty human enamel/dentin slabs were prepared and divided according to the toothpaste into: control group (Signal Kids toothpaste) and test group (10 wt. % n-HAp ~20 nm modified Signal Kids toothpaste). Brushing was performed for one hour/day for 24 days. Roughness (Ra) was measured by the AFM for 10 brushed slabs. For μ-SBS evaluation, 20 brushed slabs were randomly subdivided into 2 subgroups/ group according to the adhesive system (control/TE, control/SE, test/TE and test/SE). Micro-cylinders of nano-filled resin composite were prepared. The μ-SBS test was performed by a universal testing machine. The mode of failure was evaluated by digital microscope and the morphological changes of the de-bonded surfaces were examined by the SE microscope. The data were statistically analyzed. The mean Ra (nm) values of the enamel brushed with unmodified toothpaste were not significantly different than those brushed with n-HAp modified toothpaste. Whereas, the mean μ-SBS (MPa) of the control (brushed with unmodified toothpaste) subgroups with either TE or SE were significantly lower than those of the test (brushed with n-HAp modified toothpaste) subgroups. Subgroups with SE adhesives exhibited predominantly adhesive failure mode, while predominance of mixed failures were detected for subgroups with TE adhesives. In conclusion, one year simulated brushing with 10 wt. % n-HAp modified toothpaste did not affect enamel roughness while it improved the bond strength to resin composite regardless of the adhesive system. However, the adhesive system type has an influential effect on the failure mode.
Brushing,roughness,Nano-hydroxyapatites,Toothpaste,µ-shear bond strength,Adhesives,enamel
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78095.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78095_8cfcbf380f261047b60cd52e5eb158ed.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Comparative Assessment of different degree of retention of ERA attachment on the supporting structures of implant supported mandibular overdenture
397
407
EN
Mona
Mohamed
Aboelnagga
Assistant Professor of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University
Mahmoud
El Moutassim Bellah
El Homossany
Lecturer of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University
10.21608/edj.2018.77100
Objectives: This research was carried out to evaluate the effect of different degree of resiliency of ERA attachment; white and grey nylon male components in mini-implant retained mandibular overdenture on the peri-implant crestal bone level.<br />Materials and Methods: Twenty completely edentulous patients with maladaptive experience of wearing mandibular dentures were selected to participate in this study. Patients participating in this study were rehabilitated by maxillary complete denture and implant retained mandibular overdenture by four mini-implants with ERA head abutments. For all selected patients four mini implants 2.2 mm in diameter and 14 mm in length (ZIMMER ERA) were inserted in the inter-foraminal area following the non-submerged flapless surgical approach with the help of a modified transparent acrylic template. Standard clinical and laboratory techniques were followed for denture construction for all patients. Patients were randomly divided into two equal groups according to the resiliency of the male nylon insert. A white replacement insert was seated into the metal housing for group I, while a grey replacement insert was used for group II. Mesial, distal, buccal and lingual marginal bone height around the mini implants were evaluated, using the linear measurement system of the software (Ondemand 3D) with flat panel detector supplied by the cone beam CT. The measurements were carried out at the end of each follow-up appointment (at overdenture insertion, 6, 12 and 18 months post insertion). The marginal bone loss at different intervals was obtained by calculating the difference in bone height at that interval from the base line measurement and statistically analyzed.<br />Results: The results of this study showed that there was statistically significant increase in the marginal bone height loss around the mini implants in both groups at the end of 18 months follow up. Comparing the two studied retentive elements of ERA attachment; statistically significant difference between the two groups was found at the end of 18 months follow up period, where group I showed less bone resorption in comparison to group II. There was also significant difference between both groups concerning the distal and the labial surfaces after 18 months. Conclusion: ERA attachments in mini-implant retained mandibular overdenture fulfil the criteria of implant success as indicated by the measured amount of marginal bone loss. ERA attachments provide adequate retention and have the ability to control the amount of bone loss by changing the retentive elements. The lesser the retention the less significant bone loss around the implants
Mini-implants,overdenture,ERA attachment,Marginal bone level
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77100.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77100_1f31b86f0773426a5b4bf13360ef35f1.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
The Effects of Tricalcium Phosphate and Novamin Remineralizing Agents on Microhardness of Bleached Enamel with 35% Hydrogen Peroxide-An In vitro Study
409
416
EN
Sahar
Abd El Halim
Associate Professor, Operative Dentistry Department, Misr University for Science and Technology, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.77103
Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluated the effects of remineralizing agents (Tricalcium phosphate and Novamin) on microhardness of bleached enamel surface with 35% hydrogen peroxide (in office).<br />Materials and Methods: Forty human permanent maxillary premolars free from caries or enamel malformation were used. The teeth were sectioned transversally across the cemento-enamel junction, and specimens were embedded in self-cure acrylic. The labial enamel surface faced upward and then they were ground flat and polished with silicon carbide abrasive papers. A total specimen were prepared and kept in deionized water. Then the specimens were drying subjecting them for baseline microhardness testing (control). The dental bleaching treatment was performed just on the labial enamel surface of the specimens using a commercial 35% hydrogen peroxide Whitness HP bleaching gel (in-office ).It was used according to the manufacture instruction. Microhardness was tested for all specimens after bleaching. Specimens were divided into two groups according to remineralizing agent n=20, Group I: Treated by NUPRO Sensodyne with NovaMin, Group II: Treated by Clinpro™ White Varnish Tri-Calcium Phosphate. The remineralizing agent was applied for three minutes per day. Two remineralizing agents were applied for fourteen consecutive days. After each application procedure, the specimens were washed with deionized water and then kept in artificial saliva. At the end of the fourteen days the remineralized specimens were subjected to microhardness testing and values were recorded. All the data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. <br />Results: Results revealed that a statistically significant decrease on mean microhardness values after enamel bleaching compared to control, followed by a significant increase on mean microhardness after the application of the both remineralizing agents. One way-ANOVA showed a statistically insignificant difference between NUPRO Sensodyne with NovaMin and Clinpro™ White Varnish at p≥0.05.<br />Conclusions: Based on the results of this in vitro study both Tricalcium phosphate and Novamin are effective in remineralization of bleached enamel surface and no significant difference was detected in their efficacy.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77103.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77103_a2b501dbd0b1516e61a93af114f29fff.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Effect of different complete dentures base materials on muscular activity
417
423
EN
Noha
Aligamaleldin
Abdelaal
Lecturer of Removable Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Enas
Taha Ibrahim
Darwish
Lecturer of Removable Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.77106
Aim: The purpose of this study was to examine changes in relative electromyographic (EMG) activities of temporal and masseter muscles after relining the dentures with soft,hard and conventional heat cured based denture liners.<br />Materials and Methods: Conventional complete dentures were fabricated for 30 edentulous patients. They were divided into three groups. Group I including patients received denture relined with soft liner. Group II including patients received denture relined with hard liner and Group III including patients received dentures relined with conventional heat cured relining material Electromyography of the masseter and temporalis muscle was recorded during eating carrot as hard food and banana as soft one. The records were measured after one, three and six months. Data was analyzed using Statistical ANOVA test to compare between muscle activities of the three groups Duncan’s test was used for pair-wise comparisons to determine the differences between means.<br />Results: Complete denture relined with soft liner showed significant difference in masseter and temporalis muscles activities as compared with the two other groups.<br />Conclusion: Complete denture relined with soft liner show better effect on masseter and temporalis muscles activity and patient satisfaction.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77106.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77106_13952574fff0d53bb9ebdfeff4754228.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
The effectiveness of two Er:YAG laser systems on root canal cleanliness: A Comparative Scanning of Electron Microscope study
425
435
EN
Ahmed
Bamanie
King Fahad Medical City, Dental department, Hospital Dentistry
10.21608/edj.2018.77108
Aim: To evaluate the cleaning ability of two different systems of Er:YAG laser endodontic probes and to compare them with conventional root canal treatment. <br />Materials and Methods: Forty five root canals from twenty eight extracted permanent human teeth were cleaned and shaped up to size 40 and 0.06 taper with crown down technique using Profile® rotary nickel titanium instrument under frequent irrigation with Dakins® solution. The root canals were randomly distributed in three groups of fifteen root canals each. Group C: Root canals finally flushed with EDTA 3 % (Tubulicid plus®) for one minute. Group O: Root canals finally irradiated with Er:YAG laser using (Opus 20®) with endodontic probe (RCLase™) for one minute. Group K: Root canals finally irradiated with Er:YAG laser using (KaVo KEY Laser® 3) with optical fiber plug for one minute. The roots were split longitudinally and prepared for scanning electron microscope (SEM). Each root canal was evaluated for debris and smear layer at the coronal, middle and apical thirds.<br />Results: Significantly less smear layer (P<0.05) was found in the apical third of laser treated root canals compared with the control group, but no significant difference was found between the two laser probe systems. No significant difference (P>0.05) regarding the amount of debris would be found between the three groups.<br />Conclusions: The use of laser seems to be more effective than conventional root canal treatment in removing smear layer in the apical third regardless the laser probe system.
Canal cleanliness,Debris,Laser,Scanning electron microscope,Smear layer
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77108.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77108_f43ae890da4ca4e6abb2e8fcefa6f4ef.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Evaluation of apical bacterial leakage of three different obturation systems after using two different irrigating solutions: An in vitro study
437
442
EN
Hayam
Y.
Hassan
Assistant Professor of Endodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Ahmed
M.
Negm
Assistant Professor of Endodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt
Abeer
E.
Elsayed
Professor of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.78046
Aim: The present study aimed to compare between apical bacterial leakage of obturating systems such as EndoRez, ActiV GP and AH Plus sealers using gutta-percha, with two different irrigating materials Biopure MTAD (mixture of doxycycline, acetic acid and detergent) and 2.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). <br />Methods: Seventy extracted human mandibular premolars with single canal were divided into two equal groups of 30 samples each according to the irrigating solution used either Biopure MTAD or 2.25% NaOCL. The other 10 teeth (5 roots positive group and 5 roots negative group) were used as control. The main groups were subdivided into 3 subgroups according to the obturation system used, EndoRez, ActiV GP or AH Plus with gutta percha. Sealing ability was assessed using Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) in a double chamber leakage model. Samples were monitored weekly for periods of 1, 4 and 8 weeks to assess the turbidity of the medium in contact with the lower coronal portion of the root segment. <br />Results: Showed statistically significant increase in the mean apical leakage with specimens irrigated with 2.25% NaOCL than Biopure MTAD in all periods, while roots obturated with EndoRez showed less statistically significant leakage than the rest of the experimental materials at 1 and 4 weeks periods while, at 8 weeks period all the experimental materials showed leakage with no statistically significance difference. <br />Conclusion: EndoRez when used after Biopure MTAD irrigation provides better sealing with root canal dentin.
Bacterial leakage,root canal filling,Smear layer
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78046.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78046_46ff88fd574b2a3cdfe06e6dbff2343f.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Hard occlusal splints made by vaccum machine versus 3D digital printed splints in Treatment of Muscle Pain (Electromyogram)
443
456
EN
Hebatallah
Tarek
Abdallah
Lecturer of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University
10.21608/edj.2018.78047
The use of hard occlusal splints (Michigan splint) may be a useful tool to promote reduction of muscular pain caused by bruxism, which is one of the parafunctional habits. <br />Aim: To assess the efficacy of hard occlusal splint made by vaccum machine or 3D digital printing with patients reporting muscular pain due to parafunction habit. <br />Methods: In group A Michigan splint was made by vaccum machine and in group B Michigan splint was made by 3D digital printing. An electromyographic (EMG) evaluation of the masseter and temporalis muscle was done before the treatment, then after 3 and 6 months after the initiation of the treatment. <br />Results: Comparison of the electrical activity at the times of measurement revealed a statistically significant difference in masseter and temporalis muscle after 3 and 6 months but revealed no statistical significant difference between different technique of construction.
Temporomandibular disorders,bruxism,Michigan splint,electromyography
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78047.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78047_5565f43346ce96a631224c762dd9acbb.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
A comparative study to evaluate the effect of different irrigating solutions on the smear layer
457
465
EN
Hayam
Y.
Hassan
Assistant Professor of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Ahmed
M.
Negm
Assistant Professor of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt.
10.21608/edj.2018.78048
Aim: This study compared the capability of Biopuer MTAD, QMixTM2in1, 17% EDTA, 6.25% Morinda Citrifolia juice, 2% Nano-Chitosan, 2% Chitosan, 2% Chlorhexidine and distilled water in smear layer removal. <br />Methods: eighty extracted premolars having single root canals were distributed into eight groups allocated to the final irrigant used. Roots were separated in bacco-lingual direction into two equal halves then analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) at the coronal, middle, and apical parts. <br />Results: In the coronal and middle parts of the roots the Biopure MTAD showed the highest mean values of smear layer elimination, followed by 17% EDTA, QMixTM2in1, and then 6.25% MCJ. While 2% nano-chitosan, 2% chitosan, 2% CHX and distilled water showed the least mean values of smear layer elimination. The capability of smear layer elimination decreased in the apical third for Biopuer MTAD, 17% EDTA, QMixTM2in1and 6.25 % MCJ. It was only inhibited with 2% nano-chitosan, 2%chitosan, 2% CHX and distilled water. <br />Conclusion: the study concluded that Biopuer MTAD had the highest mean value for smear layer removal in middle, coronal and to a lesser degree in apical thirds.
Smear layer,Biopuer MTAD,QMixTM2in1,EDTA,Chitosan
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78048.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78048_e2ade26d2521892122f2b0e673ba34f0.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
The effect of low temperature degradation on color stability of two types of monolithic translucent zirconia crowns
467
474
EN
Tarek
Abdel
Hamid
Lecturer of Crown & Bridge, Department of Crown & bridge, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Diaaeldin
Saad
Awad
Lecturer of Crown & Bridge, Department of Crown & bridge, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Mosaad
Aly
El-Gabrouny
Professor of Crown & bridge, Faculty Of Dentistry Suez Canal University
Osama
Atta
Professor of Crown & Bridge, Department of Crown & bridge, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.78049
Objective: To investigate the effect of artificial aging on the shade of two types of monolithic translucent zirconia crowns, manufactured using two different CAD/CAM systems.<br />Materials and methods: A sound human maxillary first premolar was selected to receive all ceramic crown preparation. The prepared premolar was then duplicated to produce twenty epoxy dies divided into two groups (n=10) according to the constructed crowns.. Twenty Standardized monolithic translucent zirconia (10 Prettau, & 10 Incoris TZI crowns) were CAD/CAM fabricated onto the epoxy dies and cemented using Panavia F 2.0. Vita Easy-Shade digital spectrophotometer was used to measure the color shade differences (ΔE) value between the selected color shade (A3 classical shade) and the color shade of the cemented CAD/CAM crowns before and after aging. The samples were aged under standard autoclave conditions for ten hours. XRD analysis was used to analyze the microstructure of both ZrO2 types before and after accerlated aging. SEM was done to examine the surface changes before and after aging. Results were tabulated and statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test and post hoc analysis .<br />Results: The results showed that the Prettau crowns had higher ΔE (4.26 ± 0.51) values than that of Incoris TZI crowns before (3.56 ± 0.28) aging. Also after aging Prettau showed higher ΔE (5.6 ± 0.47) than that of Incoris TZI (4.36 ± 0.34). Statistical analysis showed statistical significant difference between the groups.<br />Conclusions: This study concluded that Incoris TZI crowns better color shade results than Prettau crowns before and after aging.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78049.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78049_9c2e7fa60f4964362aa72e74ebfe4840.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Vertical Marginal gap and internal fit of two types of fully anatomic zirconia crowns constructed by different CAD/CAM system
475
483
EN
Tarek
Abdel Hamid
Lecturer of Crown & Bridge, Department of Crown & Bridge, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Diaaeldin
Saad
Awad
Lecturer of Crown & Bridge, Department of Crown & Bridge, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Mosaad
Aly
Al-gabrouny
Professor & Head of Crown & Bridge Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal Universit, Ismailia, Egypt
Osama
Atta
Professor of Crown & Bridge, Department of Crown & Bridge, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.78050
Objective: To evaluate the vertical marginal gap and internal fit of two types of monolithic zirconia crowns fabricated using two different CAD/CAM machines.<br />Materials and methods: A sound human maxillary first premolar was selected to receive all ceramic crown preparation. The prepared premolar was then duplicated to produce twenty epoxy dies divided into two groups. Twenty Standardized monolithic translucent zirconia (10 Prettau, & 10 Incoris TZI crowns) were CAD/CAM fabricated onto the epoxy dies. The vertical marginal gap before cementation was measured using a metallurgic microscope. Then the crowns were cemented onto their corresponding epoxy dies using Panavia F 2.0. Half of the specimens were sectioned bucco-lingualy and the remaining specimens were sectioned mesio-distally. Measurements of the internal fit on the Buccal, lingual, mesial, distal and occlusal were taken using a metallurgic microscope. Results were tabulated and statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon signed rank test.<br />Results: The Prettau crowns showed statistically significantly higher vertical marginal gap (Prettau 96.91 ± 2.78 & Incoris TZI 59.17 ± 6.4 μm) and inferior internal fit than that of Incoris TZI crowns (Prettau 117 ± 3.67 & Incoris TZI 103.2 ± 3.61 μm).<br />Conclusions: The Incoris TZI crowns had better marginal integrity and internal fit than that of Prettau crowns.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78050.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78050_a594b5965d4da0b4973177daa0ce3dc1.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
The influence of different immersion time intervals and disinfection of tissue conditioner functional impression materials on the surface roughness of stone cast
485
491
EN
Abdulelah
M.
BinMahfooz
Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Dentistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
10.21608/edj.2018.78051
Tissue conditioners are used as a functional impression material, to re-condition the denture-bearing mucosa abused by ill-fitting dentures and as a temporary lining material for immediate dentures. The immersion of tissue conditioners in disinfectant prior to pouring the impression can significantly affect the properties of dental stone depending on the duration of immersion. The present study aims to evaluate the effect of immersion time of tissue conditioner on the surface roughness of dental stone. Thirty specimens of tissue conditioner stone casts were prepared on cylindrical split aluminum with a lower hollow ring designed to receive the tissue conditioner and an upper ring adjusted to receive the stone mix. The thirty specimens of tissue conditioner were divided into 3 equal groups of 10 specimens according to the storage period (1hr, 24hrs and 48hrs). The three groups were subdivided into two subgroups: subgroup (a) 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) solution were sprayed on the surface of tissue conditioner specimens prior to pouring with dental stone materials while the other subgroup (b) specimens were poured with dental stone but without using (CHX) disinfection. The dental stone mixture was poured into molds and stored at room temperature for 60 minutes. The stone casts were then separated from the tissue conditioner and the surface roughness values of these dental stone casts was determined. Our results revealed a significant higher means values of surface roughness of groups (IIa and IIIa) when chlorhexidine was used compared to groups (IIb and IIIb). Comparison between subgroups (a and b) showed a statistical significance between (IIa and IIb) and (IIIa and IIIb). Based on the obtained results it can be concluded that the optimum time for using tissue conditioner as functional impression is from 24 to 48 hours after immersion. The use of 2% chlorhexidine solution disinfectant had adverse effect on surface roughness of dental stone.
Tissue conditioner,functional impression,stone cast,Surface roughness,Disinfection
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78051.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78051_f2e67c6a06593d10a786e0134fae6dbb.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Effect of different types of water on cusp deflection of teeth restored with composite
493
498
EN
Hossam
Mohamed
Mossa
Assistant Professor of Operative Dentistry, Departments of Restorative Dental Sciences, Medical Military
Academy, Cairo, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.78052
Objective: It is in vitro study to evaluate the influence of various mouth washes on cusp deflection of premolar teeth restored with different types of composite.<br />Methods: A total of 45 human premolars were used in this study. The teeth were randomly divided into three equal groups according to the type of resin composite (Silorane, Bulk fill and FiltekTM Z250). Each group were immersed for three months in three different solutions (alcohol-containing mouth rinse, alcohol-free mouth rinse, and artificial Saliva). The cuspal deflection was measured after curing of the composite resin and after immersion in the solution using digital caliper. <br />Results: All the composite resin specimens show cusp deflection. The lowest value of cusp deflection was recorded for the Silorane specimen in comparison to other types of composites. <br />The specimens who immersed in alcohol containing mouth wash recorded the highest values. <br />Conclusion: Alcohol-free mouth rinse may prefer to alcohol containing mouth rinse in patients with extensive restorations
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78052.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78052_bea56dbc6fb15c9f3d767e5e9d5e2bde.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Effect of resin infiltrant and fluoride varnish on micro-hardness of de-mineralized enamel submitted to pH challenge
499
508
EN
Reham
M.
Attia
Lecturer of Operative Dentistry,Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Zagazig University,
Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.78053
<strong></strong>
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the micro-hardness of artificially induced de-mineralized enamel after application of resin infiltrant and fluoride varnish and after pH challenge.<br />Material and methods: In the current study; sound bovine incisors were used. A total of 40 sound enamel were then embedded in pre-cut metal cylinders. Two layers of acid-resistant nail varnish were applied to cover most of the enamel surfaces, leaving a window of 4×4 mm for demineralization. Each specimen was immersed in 32 ml of a de-mineralizing solution containing 50 mM acetate buffer solution and 1.28 mM Ca(NO3)2_4H2O, 0.74 mM (NaH2PO4)_2H2O, and 0.03 ppm F at pH 5.0,10 for 24 hours at 37˚C , then microhardness was recorded. The samples then were divided into two groups according to the material used to treat the de-mineralized enamel, each group consisted of 20 samples. Group 1: The samples of de-mineralized enamel were infiltrated with resin infiltration. Then the micro-hardness was recorded for all resin infiltrated samples before pH cycling challenge. The samples were then submitted to a pH cycling model at 37 C over 7 days. The pH cycling consisted of immersing the samples in 35.5 ml of de-mineralizing solution: (2.0 mmol/ L Ca, 2.0 mmol/ L P, 0.075 mol/ L acetate buffer, 2.22 mL/mm2 of enamel surface) for 6 hours, alternated with immersion in 17.75 mL of re-mineralizing solution: (1.5 mmol/ L Ca, 0.9 mmol/ L P, 0.15 mol/ L KCl, 0.02 mol/ L cacodylate buffer, pH 7.0, 0.25 mL/mm2) for 18 hours for 5 days. Then, specimens were kept for 2 more days in a fresh re-mineralizing solution, completing 7 days of treatment. The samples were washed in de-ionized water for 30 seconds among de-mineralizing and re-mineralizing cycles. Group 2: Fluoride varnish (Duraphat , Colgate- Palmolive ,NSW, Australia) was applied as a thin layer by a brush and totally dried, then the micro-hardness was recorded. The samples were then subjected to a pH cycling as in group 1. Then after challenge the micro-hardness measurements were performed as formerly described. <br />Results: The difference was highly significant between resin infiltrant and fluoride varnish treated enamel. The comparison among micro-hardness values of initial, de-mineralized enamel, resin-infiltrated enamel and resin infiltrated after pH cycling showed that there was a significant difference. The difference between micro-hardness values was highly significant when comparison was accomplished between initial and de-mineralized enamel, initial and after pH cycling, de-mineralized enamel and resin infiltrated enamel, de-mineralized enamel and after pH cycling and finally between resin infiltrated enamel and after pH cycling. The difference between micro-hardness values was not significant regarding initial and resin infiltrated enamel.<br />Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that the micro-hardness of resin infiltrated enamel was higher than that of de-mineralized enamel treated with fluoride varnish before and after pH cycling.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78053.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78053_41d60c689b9389d4b4bd327908d8120c.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Effect of different surface treatment methods on the shear bond strength of zirconia based restorations
509
515
EN
Mohammed
H
Abdel-Aziz
Associate Professor, Crown and Bridge Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University
Ahmed
H
Mohammed
Crown and Bridge Department, Faculty of dental medicine, Al-Azhar University
Tamer
A
Hamza
Professor, Crown and Bridge Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University
10.21608/edj.2018.78054
Statement of the Problem: Delamination of zirconia-veneered restoration is considered to be a very common failure in clinical practice. Therefore, using a chair side intra-oral repair option may be a simple alternative method to the total replacement of the restoration and may provide a clinically-acceptable and reliable immediate solution. <br />Aim of the Study: This study evaluated the shear bond strength of two different repairing systems (CoJet and Ceramic repair N) of zirconia-based restorations and evaluated the effect of high and low sandblasting pressure on the shear bond strength between zirconia and composite resin. <br />Materials and Methods: Thirty zirconia specimens were divided into two main groups according to the repairing systems: Group CJ: CoJetTM repairing system [chairside silica coating with 30 µm SiO2 + silanization + adhesive] (3M ESPE) (15 specimens). Group CR: Ceramic Repair N system (Ivoclar Vivadent) [grinding with diamond stone + Monobond N universal primer adhesive] (15 specimens). Each group was further sub-divided into three sub-groups according to the surface treatment methods: Sub-groups (CJS 3, 2,1): CoJet Sandblasting at pressure 3,2,1 bar, Sub-group (CRG): Ceramic Repair Grinding with diamond stone and Sub-groups (CRS 2,1): Ceramic Repair Sandblasting with CoJet sand at pressure 2 and1 bar. Tetric N- ceram composite resin was polymerized on each conditioned specimen. The shear bond strength was tested using a universal testing machine, and fracture sites were examined with SEM. The data of bond strengths were statistically analyzed with two-way ANOVA. <br />Results: No statistically significant differences in the mean shear bond strength values between Cojet Group (11.31± 0.71 MPa) and Ceramic Repair-N Group (11.02± 0.81 MPa). There were no statistically significant differences in the mean shear bond strength values between 1 bar treated sub-group (11.13± 1.4 MPa), 2 bar treated sub-group (11.23± 1.5 MPa), grinding sub-group and 3 bar (control) sub-group (11.12±1.8MPa), (P>0.05). <br />Conclusion: Surface treatment of low pressure abrasion protocol or grinding following with Monobond N universal primer gave the similar shear bond strength values of the high pressure abrasion protocol.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78054.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78054_3aa09e90e29cf60bbd33e66d21b71002.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
PUSH-OUT BOND STRENGTH OF DIFFERENT ESTHETIC POSTS AN IN VITRO STUDY
517
525
EN
Ahmed
Hamdy
Assistant professor,Fixed Prosthodontics Department,Faculty of Dentistry,October University for Modern Sciences
and Arts
10.21608/edj.2018.78055
PURPOSE: This in vitro study measured push-out bond strength of different posts as function of radicular regions. <br />Statement of problem: In non circular or excessively flared root canals,prefabricated posts may not fit well,increasing cement thickness and bubbles at coronal level which may alter its mechanical performance causing impaired post retention.<br />Methods:40 sound extracted human central incisors were used in this study. All teeth were endodontically treated and decoronated 2 mm above CEJ. Then were randomly divided into 4 groups of 10 each regarding type of post used:group 1(PD): Polymer infiltrated ceramic,Paradigm MZ 100(3M-ESPE); group 2(FRC)Fiber post,Postec Plus (Ivoclar Vivadent); group 3 (ZR): Lava Zirconium dioxide blocks (3M-ESPE); group 4(CP):Cosmo Post, Zirconium dioxide (Ivoclar Vivadent). All posts were luted with Panavia 21(Kuraray Noritake, Japan). Push-out tests were performed to evaluate the bond strength of different posts at different radicular regions.Data were statistically analyzed using one way (ANOVA)and Scheffe test made pairwise comparison (α=0.05).<br />Results: FRC group recorded the highest bond strength (11.78±0.79MPa). PD group showed higher results (10.10±1.12MPa) than ZR(9.56±0.85MPa) and CP(7.93±0.89 MPa) and the 2 latter groups were not significantly different from each other p≤0.05.Regardless to post type, it was found that middle region recorded highest bond strength means value, then apical region meanwhile the lowest bond strength values were recorded at cervical regions p≤0.05.<br />Conclusions:1- Push-out bond strength of different esthetic posts are significantly affected by the type of its materials and manufacturing; FRC recorded the highest bond strength values,PD recorded intermediate values, ZR and CP showed the least values with no significant difference between them.(P≤0.05) 2-Regardless to type of post , the middle radicular region recorded the highest bond strength then apical region, meanwhile cervical region showed the lowest bond strength values P≤0.05.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78055.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78055_e509587ce5ab0b9fedf262a4957c4b99.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Micro Hardness Of Bleached Human Enamel Following Application Of Conventional Versus Nano Active Bioglass: An Invitro Study
527
536
EN
Mohammed
F
Haridy
Associate Professor of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt
Hossam
A.
Alhussiny
Lecturer of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.78056
Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of conventional vesrsus nanosized bioactive glass on the microhardness values of bleached enamel.<br />Methods: Forty-five fresh extracted human incisors were divided into three main groups (15 each) according to the bleaching technique (B); unbleached (B0) as a Control, light activated bleaching (B1) and chemical activated bleaching (B2). Each group was further divided equally into three subgroups (5 each) according to application of remineralizing agent (R); either conventional bioactive glass (R1), nano bioactive glass (R2) and without application of any remineralizing agent as a control (R0). Teeth bleaching was done as per the manufacturer’s instructions, while, remineralizing agents were applied according to wang et al 2011. Microhardness assessment was done after bleaching as well as after remineralization using Digital Display Vickers Microhardness Tester.<br />Results: The unbleached group showed the highest mean microhardness followed by chemically activated bleaching group, then the light activated bleaching group. Regarding remineralization; nano bioactive glass groups showed higher microhardness results than conventional bioactive glass groups.<br />Conclusions: Bleaching has a deleterious effect on enamel microhardness. Bioactive glass can counter act the adverse effect of bleaching on enamel. Nanobioactive glass is a promising material for remineralization
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78056.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78056_a730bcd356d6106c9918eca14524d874.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
The influence of acid etching or chitosan dentin surface treatments on dentin wettability and shear bond strength of self- etch adhesives
537
542
EN
Dalia
A.
Abuelenain
King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Dentistry, Operative Dentistry Department, Biomaterials Division, Jeddah,
Saudi Arabia
10.21608/edj.2018.78057
The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of dentin surface preparation with acid etching or chitosan treatment on dentin wettability and shear bond strength to resin composite using self-etch adhesive. <br />Methods: Fifteen human sound extracted third molars were used in the study. Dentin disks were cut from the crown for evaluation of dentin wettability, and the remaining part of the crown was used for the shear test. Dentin discs were divided randomly into 3 groups (n=5) treated as follow: G1: control, G2: acid etched with 32% phosphoric acid, and G3: treated with Chitosan for 60 s. Contact angle of treated dentin surfaces with a self-etch single bond universal adhesive was measured using a drop shape analyzer. The remaining crowns used for shear bond strength test (SBS) were divided randomly into three groups (n=5) and prepared in the same manner used for wetting evaluation. Nano-hybrid composite material were bonded to treated dentin surface using self-etch adhesive. Samples were subjected to SBS testing in a universal testing machine. <br />Results obtained, showed statistically significant lower contact angle after chitosan treatment of dentin surfaces as compared to control and acid etched groups (p<0.05). On the other hand, both acid etching and chitosan treatment of dentin surfaces resulted in a statistically significant lower SBS compared to control untreated group (p<0.05).<br />Conclusion: Bonding to dentin using self-etch adhesive is best achieved with direct application of adhesive resin on untreated dentin surface.
Chitosan,shear bond,Adhesives,Dentin,self-etch
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78057.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78057_c2205793309fa1a6cfd0d7a0a58ce446.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
The influence of splinting abutments in acquired maxillary defects on biting force
543
547
EN
Noha
Ali
Gamal Eldin
Lecturer of Removable Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo,
Egypt
Enas
Taha Ibrahim
Darwish
Lecturer of Removable Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo,
Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.78058
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of splinting abutments in patients with acquired maxillary defects on biting forces using electronic load sensor device. <br />Materials and methods: Ten patients complaining from hemimaxillectomy were selected .they were divided into two group, the first group received definitive obturator and the second received definitive obturator with splinting the remaining teeth. The biting force were measured using I Load digital sensor <br />Results : The results revealed that the splinting group record increasing in biting force than the unsplinting group. All The patient of the splinting obturator was satisfied with their obturators.<br />Conclusion: Splinting the remaining teeth in hemimaxillectomy patient provide more bite force and more patient satisfaction.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78058.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78058_603691529d2b13c9d393d2cdf1e85e24.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Wear of Human Enamel Opposing Different Types of Direct Restorative Resin Composite Materials
549
557
EN
Hossam
El Mandouh
Lecturer, Operative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suize Canal University
Mohammad
S.
Nassif
Assistant Professor, Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University
10.21608/edj.2018.78059
Aim: to evaluate the wear of human enamel and different types of composite resin restorative materials when they oppose each other<br />Materials and methods: six different types of restorative resin composites (Grandioso, Activa, Z250, Brilliant everglow, CAPO, Herculite XRV) were opposed by human enamel in a chewing simulator (Robota, Germany) the chewing simulator was adjusted to perform a sliding distance of 1mm under a constant force of 50N while composite is in contact with enamel. the loss of weight of enamel and opposing composite was considered as a value for the wear.<br />Results: The highest wear was that of Grandioso heavy flow(5.8mg) followed by brilliant everglow (4mg) and Herculite ultra enamel(2.5mg) respectively and there was statistically significant differences among them as well as other materials. and the least values were recorded for CAPO (1.22mg), Z250 (1.24) and Activa (1.27) that were not statistically significantly different. Regarding opposing enamel wear the highest wear value was that of enamel opposing Brilliant everglow(7mg) and Z250 (6.4mg) both values were not statistically different. The values of Heculite ultra enamel (4.6) and Grandioso heavy flow (4mg) had no significant differences between them but showed significant difference with the above groups. The enamel wear opposing Activa (1mg) and CAPO (1.8mg) showed no statistically significant differences between them while they were significantly less than other groups. <br />Conclusions: Different composite formulations recommended for use in stress bearing areas have different wear rates, opposing enamel wear is important to study as it is independent of composite wear.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78059.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78059_8b8790ddbf772b004db9566f4d4f73b0.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Effect of material on stress transmission to the supporting structures in Kennedy Class I restored by Telescopic-retained Removable Partial Denture. (Strain Gauge Study)
559
573
EN
Sherif
Fayez Ahmed
Bahgat
Lecturer, Fixed Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts,
Cairo, Egypt
drsherifbahgat@hotmail.com
Mahmoud
El Moutassim Bellah
El Homossany
Lecturer, Removable Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.78060
Objectives: The aim of this in-vitro study was to compare the stresses transmitted to the abutments in mandibular Kennedy class I restored with telescopic-retained removable partial denture (RPD) made from two different materials; PolyEther Ether Ketone (PEEK) and Co-Cr alloy. <br />Materials and Methods: One mandibular model representing Kennedy class I, with second premolars as the last standing abutments, was fabricated using epoxy resin. Poly Vinyl Siloxane (PVS) impression material was used to simulate the mucosa and the periodontal ligament. The acrylic first and second premolar teeth bilaterally were prepared to receive primary telescopic copings. The latter and two removable partial denture (RPD) frameworks were fabricated out of PEEK and Co-Cr alloy. The 2 frameworks were then processed into fully finished RPDs using heat cured acrylic resin and acrylic teeth following the conventional techniques. Four strain gauges were installed in the epoxy resin model 1 mm mesial to the socket of the 1st premolar and 1 mm distal to that of the 2nd premolar, on the right and left sides respectively; channel 1, 2, 3 and 4. A load of 100 N was applied to the area of the first molar unilaterally on the right side and then bilaterally. The same procedure was repeated six times. Data on stresses were then collected, tabulated and statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD Test (P≤0.05). <br /> Results: In the unilateral loading condition, the highest compressive micro-strains were recorded at channel 3 for the Co-Cr alloy-group (-40±3.16 µm/m). While the least compressive micro-strains were recorded at channel 3 for the PEEK-group (-10±3.16 µm/m). The highest tensile micro-strains were recorded at channel 2 for the PEEK-group (540±10 µm/m). While the least tensile micro-strains were recorded at channel 4 for the PEEK-group (15±4.47 µm/m). In the bilateral loading condition, the highest tensile micro-strains were recorded at channel 2 for the PEEK-group (355±11.83 µm/m). While the least tensile micro-strains were recorded at the same channel for the Co-Cr alloy-group (50±3.16 µm/m). The highest compressive micro-strains were recorded at channel 1 for the PEEK-group (-170±11.4 µm/m). While the least compressive micro-strains were recorded at channel 3 for the Co-Cr alloy-group (-95±8.94 µm/m). Conclusions: The distal abutments always receive the highest stresses, regardless of the loading conditions and the materials from which the prosthesis was fabricated. Telescopic-retained RPD with metallic frameworks generate less strain to the supporting structures in Kennedy Class I compared to those with PEEK frameworks. The bilaterally applied force resulted in more favorable stress distribution pattern when compared to the unilateral one.
PEEK,strain-gauge,telescopic-retained RPD,Kennedy Class I,abutment
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78060.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78060_354b8701277ee7d2dc33be2535a43931.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Effectiveness of two universal adhesives using two different bonding approaches
575
588
EN
Manar
M.
Abu-Nawareg
Assistant Professor, Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
Rasha
Ramadan
Basheer
Lecturer, Operative Department, Faculty of Dentistry, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Cairo, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.78061
Objectives: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the resin-dentin micro-tensile bond strength (μ-TBS) using 2 types of universal adhesives with etch-and-rinse and self-etch approaches after 24 hours and 6 months of water storage. <br />Materials and Methods: A total of 20 extracted non-carious human molars were used in this study. Teeth were equally and randomly divided into 2 groups (N= 10 teeth) according to the type of adhesive used; Group I; Adhese® Universal and Group II; Single Bond Universal. Each group was further subdivided into 2 equal subgroups (n=5 teeth) according to the bonding approach used; Subgroup A; using the self-etch (SE) approach and Subgroup B; using the etch-and-rinse (ER) approach. After bonding, each tooth was built up by resin composite, cut into sticks (0.9 mm x 0.9 mm) and stored in distilled water at 37˚C for 24 hours and 6 months. Then, each stick was stressed under tension until failure using a simplified universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Data were statistically analyzed using One-Way ANOVA, Two-Way ANOVA and Tukey HSD Tests. After μ-TBS testing, all debonded surfaces were observed using a stereomicroscope at 50X magnification to determine the modes of failure, which were categorized as adhesive, cohesive or mixed failure. <br />Results: After 24 hours of water storage, there was no significant difference between the μ-TBS exhibited by Adhese Universal using both SE and ER approaches while both approaches differed significantly when using Single Bond Universal (P=0.0003). Furthermore, there was no significant difference when comparing the μ-TBS means of SE groups or ER groups of both adhesive systems. After 6 months of water storage at 37˚C, there was a significant decrease in the μ-TBS values of all groups (p<0.0001) except when Adhese Universal was used with SE approach, there was no difference between the 24 h and the 6 month-groups (p=0.1449). The failure mode analysis was consistent with the μ-TBS test results as the number of adhesive failures increased with decreased bond strength values.<br />Conclusions: When bonding resin-based composite restoratives to dentin, a separate acid-etching step is not required when using Adhese Universal, but it is preferred with Single Bond Universal adhesive. Aging markedly contributes to bond degradation of universal adhesives.
Universal adhesive,etch-and-rinse,self-etch,microtensile bond strength,fracture mode analysis,water storage
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78061.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78061_40beb888a3e94463fe2afe3be86f5873.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
CYCLIC FATIGUE RESISTANCE OF PROTAPER GOLD, EDGEFILE, ONESHAPE AND PROTAPER UNIVERSAL
589
596
EN
Wafaa
Abdel-Baky
Khalil
Associate Professor of Endodontics, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University,
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Khaled
Merdad
Assistant Professor of Endodontics, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University,
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Tariq
S.
Abu-Haimed
Assistant Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University,
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Mohamed
Howait
Assistant Professor of Endodontics, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University,
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Loai
Alsofi
Assistant Professor of Endodontics, Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University,
Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
10.21608/edj.2018.78062
Aim: This study aimed to compare the cyclic fatigue of EdgeFile, ProTaper Gold, OneShape, and ProTaper nickel-titanium rotary instruments. <br />Materials and methods: F2 ProTaper Universal and ProTaper Gold (Dentsply, Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, OK, USA), C2 EdgeFile (EDGEENDO, Albuquerque, NM, USA), and size 25 OneShape (Micro-Mega, Besançon Cedex, France) (15 instruments each group) were tested for cyclic fatigue in an artificial canal with a 6-mm radius and a 45° curvature. The number of cycles to fatigue (NCF) was recorded, the lateral surface and fractured face of segments were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the cross-sectional area was measured. One-way ANOVAs and Games-Howell tests were utilized for data analysis. A significant difference was set at 0.05. <br />Results: The EdgeFile had significantly greater resistance to cyclic fatigue, compared with the ProTaper Gold, OneShape, and ProTaper Universal (p<0.05). No significant difference was found between the OneShape and ProTaper Gold (p>0.05), and the ProTaper Universal exhibited significantly lower resistance to cyclic fatigue compared to the other systems (p<0.05). The OneShape had a significantly smaller cross-sectional area (p<0.05), while no significance differences were found between the cross-sectional areas of ProTaper Gold, EdgeFile, and ProTaper Universal (p>0.05). No significant differences were found among the groups regarding the length of the fractured segments (p>0.05). <br />Conclusion: EdgeFile rotary files have superior resistance to cyclic fatigue, followed in order by the ProTaper Gold, OneShape, and ProTaper Universal rotary files.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78062.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78062_b41e9f3eaddde47605e4046b0200f812.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Patient Satisfaction and Marginal Bone Loss Of Different Treatment Modalities Of Mandibular Kennedy Class II Cases
597
605
EN
Shaimaa
Lotfy
Lecturer of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry Ain Shams University
M
Shady
Nabhan
Lecturer of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry Ain Shams University
10.21608/edj.2018.78065
Objectives: This research was carried out to evaluate patient satisfaction and marginal bone loss of different treatment modalities (using double OT attachment, double OT with posterior implant and conventional partial denture) of Kennedy class II cases.<br />Materials and Methods: Totally, twenty-one patients with unilateral distal extension partially edentulous lower arches were randomly assigned into three groups (Group A, B&C). Group (A): patients were rehabilitated with removable partial denture retained by unilateral double OT attachment. Group (B): patients were rehabilitated with removable partial denture retained by unilateral double OT attachment and a dental implant placed in a second molar area with 3.7 mm diameter and 10 mm length. Group (C): patients were rehabilitated with a conventional removable partial denture. Patients were selected with following criteria: Patients with mandibular Kennedy class II with the second premolar as last standing abutment, The remaining teeth should be free from periodontal diseases , Patients should exhibitied sufficient interarch space, with healthy supporting structures and abutments with 1:1.5 crown root ratio, and should have sufficient bone height > 12mm and bone width > 6mm for implant placement. In this study, marginal bone height changes around premolar teeth were evaluated at the time of prostheses insertion, six months and one year later and patient satisfaction was evaluated one month after insertion. <br />Results: Insignificant difference was detected between the three groups at the different follow-up intervals, regarding marginal bone loss. After one year follow up, bone loss was 0.17±0.04, 0.14±0.054 mm for group A, 0.09±0.05, 0.11±0.043 mm for group B and 0.15±0.034, 0.13±0.044 mm for group C on the distal and mesial sides of the second premolar respectively. On the other hand, regarding ease of cleaning, group C showed higher median value (86) compared to group A (64) and group B (51) and Kruskal Wallis test showed sig difference between group C and group B. Overall patient satisfaction and comfort during eating group A and group B showed statistically significant higher median value compared to group C and Kruskal Wallis test showed signigcant difference between group C and other groups. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it could be concluded that for unilateral partially edentulous patients, all the treatment modalities constructed in this study are reliable options regarding marginal bone loss, but for overall patient satisfaction and comfort with eating, unilateral partial dentures retained by double OT attachment with or without posterior implant are better than conventional removable partial dentures however regarding ease of cleaning conventional partial dentures showed better results.
Kennedy classII,double OT,attachment,dental implant,marginal bone height and patient satisfaction
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78065.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78065_ebb18094377f21ae50d2d6b8ea820a03.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Influence of Antibacterial Copper Glass Particles on Surface and Mechanical Properties of Flowable Composites
607
614
EN
Dalia
A.
Abuelenain
King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Dentistry, Operative Dentistry Department, Biomaterials Division, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
10.21608/edj.2018.78066
Copper oxide containing phosphate glasses showed an antibacterial action against streptococcus sanguis, streptococcus mutans and staphylococcus epidermidis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of adding copper glass particles (0- 25 wt%) into flowable composites (Filtek Z350XT flowable and Fusio liquid dentin dental flowable) to induce antibacterial properties. Surface (contact angle and Vicker hardness number) and mechanical (flexure strength, strain and modulus) properties of modified composites have been tested throughout this study; the antibacterial action will be tested in the future. The results showed that both surface and mechanical properties were dependent on the original composite as well as the added filler content. Lower contact angles, indicating higher wettability of the composites, observed with the higher loading of copper glass particles in both resin composites; this high wettability was obvious with Fusio flowable composites. This would be beneficial in bacterial adhesion to the composite surface and hence the expected antibacterial activity of copper glass against the adherent bacteria during biofilm formation. Surface hardness was not negatively affected by adding copper glass particles, except at higher loading levels (25 wt%) particularly when added to Z350 composites. This could indicate that the copper glass at low wt% had no adverse effect on monomer conversion. Generally, the rigidity (indicated by flexure modulus) and strain % of both composites were not affected by the presence of copper glass particles. Finally, it can be concluded that addition of low wt% of copper glass particles (up to 10 wt%) could provide a restorative material with antibacterial action without compromising their surface and mechanical properties. Addition of high wt% of copper glass to Fusio flowable in particular could be beneficial in producing a more hydrophilic material that could potentially encourage bacterial adhesion and hence a significant antibacterial action of copper glass against adherent bacteria will be expected.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78066.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78066_bda74e2c2e4b32beec4aecd3ccd48975.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Influence of Home Bleaching Agents on Surface Topography of Tooth Colored Restorative Materials
615
623
EN
Hala
Ahmed
Abd El-Moneim
Researcher, Operative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt
Inas
Mohy El-Din
Professor of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt
Inas
Elghandour
Associate Professor of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.78068
Aim: This study evaluated the influence of bleaching agents on the surface roughness and topography of two resin based restorative materials; Tetric Ceram resin composite and F2000 compomer after different time intervals. <br />Materials and Method: A total of 180 specimens were prepared from both restorative materials; 90 specimens from Tetric Ceram and the other 90 from F2000. Surface roughness was measured before any treatment. Specimens were stored in artificial saliva [no treatment], or bleached with 15%carbamide peroxide or 35%carbamide peroxide for different times; 24 hours, one week or one month. Surface roughness was again measured and the difference from pretreatment measurements was statistically analyzed. The morphological changes were evaluated using Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope. <br />Results: Bleaching using 15%carbamide peroxide, and 35%carbamide peroxide increased significantly the surface roughness of Tetric ceram and F2000 compared to control group after hours, one week. After one month, the difference was statistically non-significant. Regarding storage times, the surface roughness increased significantly from 24 hours to one week to one month. Comparing both materials, surface roughness values were statistically non-significant following different treatments at different times. SEM examination revealed that bleaching increases surface roughness for Tetric Ceram and F2000 especially with increased time. <br />Conclusion: Home bleaching agents enhanced the changes in surface roughness and topography of hybrid resin composite and compomer.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78068.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78068_bf375ad7f2b6ef32cd429c4cef29d4de.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Effect of Speed of Loading on Compressive Strength and Flexural Strength of Dental Resin-Composites
625
633
EN
Samy
M
El-Safty
Lecturer at Biomaterials Department, School of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.78070
Objective: To investigate the effect of speed of loading on compressive strength and flexural strength for a range of dental resin-composites of varied composition.<br />Materials and Methods: For compressive strength testing, fifteen cylindrical specimens <br />(4 mm diameter × 6 mm length) were prepared from each material using stainless steel split molds. Each specimen was irradiated from top and bottom in the mold and from radial direction after removing from the mold (40 s each) using a visible light curing unit (Optilux 501, Kerr, Orange Co., USA) with irradiance of 650 mW/cm2. For flexural strength testing, fifteen bar-shaped specimens (25 mm length x 2 mm width x 2 mm height) were prepared from each material using stainless steel split molds. Each specimen was irradiated in five overlapping sections (40 s each) on the upper and lower surfaces starting from the center of the specimen using the visible light curing unit described above. Specimens were stored in distilled water at 37°C in an incubator for 24 h. Loading of specimens until fracture, for both compressive strength and flexural strength, was carried out in a universal testing machine (model 3365, Instron, High Wycombe, UK) at three different cross-head speeds: 1 mm/min (n = 5), 3 mm/min (n = 5) and 5 mm/min (n = 5). Data were analyzed using a One-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test. <br />Results: Considering all cross-head speeds applied, mean data for compressive strength ranged from 349 to 434 MPa, and for flexural strength ranged from 84 to 182 MPa. Linear regression analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between the applied cross-head speeds and both the compressive strength and flexural strength values.<br />Conclusions: Changing the cross-head speed resulted in variation in strength values of the investigated resin-composites. The values of compressive strength and flexural strength depend principally on the extent of filler loading and the type of resin system.
Compressive strength,flexural strength,Resin-composites,Cross-head Speed,Filler Loading,Resin System
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78070.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78070_56c1c6525e123c8bd12c7c7f690b910d.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Effect of Glycemic Control on Implants Assisted Mandibular Overdentures
635
644
EN
Ahmed
M.
Alam-Eldein
Lecturer, Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University
Tamer
M. Nasr
Mostafa
Lecturer, Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University
Emad
A.
Mabrouk
Lecturer, Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University
10.21608/edj.2018.78071
Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of glycemic control on implants assisted mandibular overdentures in type II diabetic patients after three years of function. Materials and Methods: Thirty, completely edentulous patients with a mean age of fifty years old were included in this study. For each patient two implants (3.5*13mm Anyone Two– piece dental implant, Mega Gen Implant System, Korea) were placed at the canine region bilaterally with equator attachment to retain mandibular overdenture. Patients were distributed into two groups: Group (1) contained patients who their glycemic control values below 8%. Group (2) contained patients who their glycemic control values 8% or above 8%. Each patient was evaluated clinically concerning plaque index, probing depth and implant stability by using resonance frequency analysis and radiographically concerning marginal bone loss at baseline (overdenture insertion) and after 6, 12, 24, 36 months after insertion. Data were collected, tabulated and statistically analyzed using t-Student test.<br /> Results: There was a statistically significant difference between both groups (P < 0.05) regarding probing depth, implant stability and marginal bone loss <br />Conclusions: Wither the limitations of this short term study, glycemic control seems to have an effect on the survival of implants assisted complete overdentures in type II diabetic patients.
dental implant,Glycemic control,Implant overdenture,Type II diabetes
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78071.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78071_f4bca4d05df40393afe6618635e04ed8.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
In-Vitro behavior of resin luting cement material polymerized with different light sources under different hybrid CAD/CAM materials thicknesses
645
655
EN
Ashraf
Elsayed
Nasr
Assistant Professor of Operative Dentistry, Cairo University
Ahmed
Fawzy
Assistant Professor of Operative Dentistry, Suez Canal University
10.21608/edj.2018.78072
The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of two types of modified CAD/CAM restorative material and its thickness, together with the type of resin luting cement, and its method of curing on color difference (∆E) and VHN as an indicator of the degree of polymerization of resin luting cement. <br />Materials and methods: A total of 36 groups were used in this study (n=5) where, 32 Groups representing the each of the two different resin luting cement materials, under each of the two different modified CAD/CAM materials interface with four different materials thicknesses (0.5 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.9 mm and 1.2 mm) and polymerized with either conventional halogen or LED light curing system. Another four groups were prepared representing the control groups for each resin luting cement and light curing unit used. ∆E Measurement: Specimens in all groups was measured just after polymerization at the top of the specimens after removal of the ceramic face and Mylar strip to be compared with stored in dry boxes in darkened incubator at 37˚C for one week to be subjected to the color measurement again at the surface of the specimens. Micro Hardness Measurement : The resin luting cement specimens were subjected to micro-hardness tester (WilsonÒ Hardness Tester, Model Tukon 1102, Buehler, Lake Bluff, IL, USA). The data obtained from the means of ∆E and VHN test were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey’s test at a 5% level of significance.<br />Results: Four-Way ANOVA was used to test the four main effects namely, type of indirect esthetic restorative material and its thickness, together with the type of resin luting cement, and its method of curing the types of resin luting cement, the mode of curing. The first main effect (type of modified CAD/CAM material) had two levels namely, Lava Ultimate, and Vita Enamic. The second main effect (modified CAD/CAM material thickness) had four levels namely, 0.5 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.9 mm and 1.2 mm. The third main effect (type of resin luting cement) had two levels namely Vario Link Dual and Nexus 3 LC. The fourth main effect (type of light curing unit) had two levels namely QTH and LED. <br />Conclusion: Within the limitation of this study, it could be concluded that, the thickness of the CAD/CAM material and the type of the resin luting cement had a higher effect on the ∆E and micro-hardness, hence the degree of maturation, of resin luting cement than did either the type of tested CAD/CAM materials or the curing units.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78072.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78072_f455c0461278984791ea6b2fbb3e31ff.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Effect of light curing protocol on the degree of conversion of a light cured resin cement
657
663
EN
Ahmed
Ezzat
Sabet
Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University
Kamal
Khaled
Ebeid
Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University
10.21608/edj.2018.78074
Objective: This study was conducted to detect the effect of different modes of light curing on the degree of conversion of a light cured resin cement.<br />Materials and methods: Three types of different ceramic materials with shade A3 were divided into 3 groups (n=60) (Group 1; resin nano-ceramic material (CERASMART, GC, Tokyo Japan), Group 2; Polymer reinforced ceramic (Vita Enamic, Vita Zahnfabrik, Germany) and Group 3; feldspathic porcelain (Vita MARK II, Vita Zahnfabrik). Each group was then divided into three subgroups (n=20) according to the light curing mode (subgroup A; low intensity curing, Subgroup B; high intensity curing, and subgroup C; soft start curing). Subgroups were then divided into two divisions according to the curing time (divison I; 10 seconds and divison II; 20 seconds). Degree of conversion of resin cement beneath different kinds of ceramic was tested using FTIR spectroscopy.<br />Results: Three-way ANOVA revealed statistical significance between the three variables. Significant interactions were also observed. The type of ceramic and mode of curing showed significant differences on the degree of conversion of resin cement. Curing time had no significant effect on the degree of conversion of resin cement. <br />Conclusion: Type of ceramic and curing mode used had a direct effect on the degree of conversion of resin cement.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78074.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78074_bb63b8b3049d23712fd108b989778481.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Immediate Functional Loading Effect on Supporting Structures of Implants placed in Mandibular Class II Kennedy Classification Cases. A Two Year Clinical Study
665
670
EN
Ahmed
Ezzat
Sabet
Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University
Heba
khorshid
Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Oral and dental medicine, Cairo University
10.21608/edj.2018.78075
Background: The Target of this study was to evaluate and analyze the changes that occur in the supporting structures of implants placed in the posterior mandibular region using the Immediate Functional Loading Protocol. The bone height of the four implant surfaces; buccal, lingual, distal and mesial were closely observed, measured and statistically analyzed.<br />Materials and Methods: Thirty implants were placed in ten patients with unmodified mandibular Kennedy Class II. For each patient, three implants were placed at the premolar/molar mandibular region. All the implants were immediately loaded following an Immediate Functional Loading Protocol. Radiographic evaluation using dental CT was carried out at intervals of 0, 12 and 24 months after implant surgery.<br />Results: Decrease in the bone level throughout the study period in the bucco-lingual surfaces however this decrease was statistically insignificant using paired t test. The same was found regarding the mesio-distal surface throughout the study period<br />Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it was found that immediately loaded single implants placed in the posterior mandibular area with high insertion torque is a favorable treatment option. Immediately loading protocol must be carefully done in patients with limited bucco-lingual bone width.
immediate loading,functional loading,Computed tomography
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78075.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78075_bc9292f39c793221c80c12500529d862.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Effect of simulating tooth brushing on surface change of different ceramic materials
671
680
EN
Khaled
Haggag
Assistant Professor, Crown and Bridge Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al Azhar University, Egypt
Muhammad
Abbas
Assistant Professor, Dental Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dental medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt
Hussein
Ramadan
Lecturer, Crown and Bridge Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al Azhar University, Egypt
Mohamed
Fawzy
Lecturer, Crown and Bridge Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al Azhar University, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.78077
Objectives: Purpose of the present study was to evaluate the surface roughness of current ceramics before and after tooth brushing abrasion, using simulated tooth brushing wear testing. <br />Materials and Methods: 40 ceramic samples (Zirconia ceramics, Vita Enamic, Lava Ultimate, & E-max ceramics) were cut from corresponding 4 types of ceramic blocks using microtome, then 40 samples were divided into 4 groups (n=10). Each sample has a fixed dimension about <br />10 x 10 x 2mm (thickness). The 3-body simulated tooth brushing wear testing was performed using a programmable logic controlled equipment; ROBOTA chewing simulator* integrated with thermo-cyclic protocol, then Surface roughness of each material (Ra) was measured with USB digital surface profile gauge. <br />Results: Total effect of material; regardless to toothbrush wear simulation cycles, totally there was no-significant (p=0.1379 > 0.05) difference between all materials where (Zr ≥ e.max ≥V enamic ≥ L ultimate) with their mean values respectively after 24 months (Zr; 0.25898 ±0.0035, e.max; 0.25428 ±0.0029, V enamic; 0.25413 ±0.0049, L ultimate; 0.25403 ±0.0028). Total effect of toothbrush wear simulation cycles; irrespective of material, totally toothbrush wear simulation cycles did not affect roughness significantly (p=0.8281 > 0.05) difference between all materials where (18 m ≥ baseline ≥ 6 m ≥24 m ≥ 12 m). <br />Conclusions: Brushing of ceramic materials with conventional dentifrices non-significantly increased surface roughness, where results of surface roughness present within the clinically acceptable range, not insult the patient intraorally.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78077.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78077_280f0277ec997f9fa831b30f95d883fc.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Surface Roughness of Monolithic Zirconia and Gold Alloy After Wear Simulation Against Human Enamel
681
691
EN
Khaled
Haggag
Assistant Professor, Crowns and Bridges Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al Azhar University, Egypt
Muhammad
Abbas
Assistant Professor, Dental Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dental medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt
Zainab
El Sharkawy
Lecturer, Crowns and Bridges Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al Azhar University, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.78079
Purpose: To evaluate the effect of simulated wear against human enamel on the surface roughness of monolithic zirconia and gold alloy under different occlusal loads. <br />Materials and Methods: Forty rectangular plate specimens (6×6×2) mm, were prepared from monolithic zirconia (Bruxzir, n=20) and type IV gold (Begostar, n=20) forming two experimental groups. Forty premolar teeth freshly extracted for orthodontic purpose were sectioned mesio-distally and only the cusp tips of the buccal halves were used as antagonists in the wear simulation testing procedure. All of the specimens were mounted to chewing simulator with the cusp antagonists, half of them were subjected to (50000 chewing cycles under 50N load), the other half subjected to (50000 chewing cycles under 150N load) cyclic loading. Data were submitted to two-way ANOVA, and statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. <br />Results: With low load (50 N), it was found that gold alloy group recorded statistically significant higher roughness change mean value (0.00085±0.001 Ra) than Bruxzir group mean value (-0.00079±0.0023 Ra). The difference between groups was statistically significant as indicated by student t-test (t=2.08, p=0.0492 < 0.05). While, enamel cusp antagonist of gold alloy group recorded non-statistically significant higher roughness change mean value (0.01867±0.024 Ra) than enamel cusp antagonist of Bruxzir group mean value (0.016567±0.0013 Ra). The difference between groups was statistically non-significant as indicated by student t-test (t=1.7, p=0.1043> 0.05). With high load (150 N), it was found that gold alloy group recorded statistically non-significant higher roughness change mean value (0.00135±0.0017 Ra) than Bruxzir group mean value (-0.00052±0.003 Ra). The difference between groups was statistically non-significant as indicated by student t-test (t=1.648, p=0.1135 > 0.05). While, enamel cusp antagonist of gold alloy group recorded statistically non-significant higher roughness loss mean value (0.00219±0.005 Ra) than enamel cusp antagonist of Bruxzir group mean value (-0.00021±0.005 Ra). The difference between groups was statistically non-significant as indicated by student t-test (t=1.15, p=0.2615> 0.05). <br />Conclusions: 1. Monolithic zirconia do not become as rough as type IV gold when subjected to simulated mastication cycles at low (50 N) load, although they were not significantly different from each other at high (150 N) load. 2. Although being non-significant, there was a correlation between roughness change of both monolithic zirconia and gold substrates, and that of their enamel antagonists.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78079.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78079_11ce94d7ff10cf07a7ae7bd1613e7ecc.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Shear Bond Strength of Ceramic Orthodontic Brackets to CAD/CAM Provisional Materials: Influence of Surface Treatments and a Novel Adhesive System
693
702
EN
Tarek
Soliman
Lecturer of Dental Biomaterials, Dental Biomaterials Dept., Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt
Sayed
Ghorab
Lecturer of Dental Biomaterials, Dental Biomaterials Dept., Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt
sayedghorab@yahoo.com
10.21608/edj.2018.78081
Objective: To evaluate the effect of surface treatments and flash-free adhesive on the shear bond strength of ceramic orthodontic brackets to CAD/CAM provisional materials. <br />Materials and Methods: Specimens (n=160) from each provisional material (CAD-Temp and C-Temp) were categorized into four groups according to the surface treatment methods: C (no surface treatment), HP (37% H3PO4), DB (mechanical roughening by diamond bur) and SB (mechanical roughening by sandblasting). Half of the specimens in each group were bonded to one of the maxillary central incisor ceramic brackets according to the used adhesive system: (APC PLUS or APC Flash-free). All specimens were 5000-times thermocycled before the shear bond strength testing (SBS). Data were analyzed using three-way ANOVA, Tukey’s multiple comparison tests. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) was also evaluated. The level of significance was set at 5% for all statistical tests.<br />Results: C-Temp significantly recorded higher SBS than CAD-Temp (p<. 001). DB and SB groups utilizing flash-free adhesive significantly recorded higher SBS (P<. 05) compared to other groups in the tested materials. Higher ARI scores were recorded in CAD-Temp and flash-free adhesive.<br />Conclusions: Bonding of orthodontic brackets to provisional restorations is a challenge for orthodontists in adult comprehensive cases that could be improved by an appropriate material, surface treatments, and adhesive system. Mechanical surface treatments and flash-free adhesive would enhance SBS of ceramic orthodontic brackets to CAD/CAM provisional materials. The higher ARI scores reported with CAD-Temp and flash-free adhesive reduces chair time for excess removal.
CAD/CAM Provisional material,Flash-free adhesive,Shear bond strength,Surface treatments
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78081.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78081_d83a8965132cd1cca645172dc4ddade7.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
In Vitro Effect of Alcohol and Non-Alcohol Based Mouth Rinses on Color Stability of CAD/CAM Resin Ceramic and Feldspathic Ceramics
703
710
EN
Mahmoud
Abdel Salam
Shakal
Assistant Professor of Fixed Prosthodontics Department of Fixed Prosthodontics Faculty of Dentistry University of Tanta, Egypt
Hany
Aboulfotouh Abdelmohsen
Oraby
Lecturer of Fixed Prosthodontics Department of Fixed Prosthodontics Faculty of Dentistry University of Tanta, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.78082
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro color stability of resin ceramic and feldspathic porcelain with two different mouth rinses: non-alcohol based 0.12% Chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX), and alcohol-based Listerine®. <br />Methods: Two types of CAD/CAM ceramic-blocks: Hybrid resin ceramic (VITA ENAMIC® for CEREC®/ inLab®, VITA Zahnfabrik H. Rauter GmbH & Co.KG., Germany, VE) and Feldspathic (Vitablocks MarkII, VITA Zahnfabrik H. Rauter GmbH & Co.KG., Germany, VM) were included in the study. A total of 36 samples of each material were prepared. Groups VE and VM were divided into three subgroups (n = 12 per group) based on the immersion medium: distilled water (control, W), non-alcohol-based mouth rinse, 0.12% Chlorhexidine digluconate (NA), or alcohol-based mouth rinse (A), Listerine®. Samples were stored in 20 mL in one of the mouth rinses for 120 hours, which was reported as the equivalent time to 10 year of 2-min daily mouth rinse use. Samples’ baseline color values were recorded according to the CIE Lab system by using a color spectrophotometer. Color measurements were subsequently obtained following immersion for 120 hours and after samples rinsing with distilled water and allowed to dry. CIE L*, a*, and b* were measured. Color difference (ΔE), were calculated and analyzed using one-way ANNOVA (P<0.05).<br />Results: Immersion in either Non-Alcohol, or distilled water resulted in significantly higher color change values for VE compared to VM, while no significant difference in color change existed between both materials following immersion in Alcohol based Listerine mouth rinse.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78082.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78082_b455814bbb42a55368ca2795d27d63f7.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Comparative Fracture Resistance of Composite Veneered Polyether Ether Ketone Crowns with Ceramic and Composite Veneered Zirconia Crowns
711
719
EN
Mahmoud
Abdel Salam
Shakal
Assistant Professor of Fixed Prosthodontics Department of Fixed Prosthodontics Faculty of Dentistry University of Tanta, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.78083
Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the fracture resistance of Polyether ether ketone veneered composite crowns with composite and ceramic veneered zirconia crowns. <br />Material and Method: Thirty readly prepared ivory teeth of mandibular right first molar with standardized reduction of (1.5mm for occlusal reduction and 1.2mm for axial reduction with 6 degree convergence angle) with a circumferiential shoulder finish line with rounded angles were fitted in acrylic resin blocks. Full contoured crown wax pattern was made on the readly prepared ivory teeth using inlay wax, then a silicon index for the crown was made to standardize the crown and the veneering layer thickness for all groups. The prepared ivory teeth were scanned and crowns substructures were fabricated using the CADCAM milling process for different groups as follow, (G1): Zirconia substructure veneered with composite (n=10). )G2): Zirconia substructure veneered with ceramic (control group n=10). )G3): BIOHPP/PEEK substructure veneered with composite (n=10). Crowns of the three groups were stored in distilled water for 24 hours at 37℃, then subjected to thermocycling for 10,000 cycles (5-55ºC) with a 30-s dwell time, 20 seconds transfer time, then subjected to mechanical stressing in chewing simulator with maximum vertical load of 10 kg with cyclic frequency of 1.7 Hz for 240,000 cycles, load was applied occlusally with a custom-made load applicator [steel rod with flat tip (20x25mm) attached to the upper movable compartment of the machine. Crowns fracture resistance were tested using the universal testing machine by applying a load with a 4.2 mm diameter steel ball at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min occlusally in the middle of the crown central fossa and the maximum load causing crown fracture was recorded in newton. <br />Results: One-way ANOVA test showed a high statistically significant difference (F=, 17.404, P <0.001) between different studied group as regard fracture resistance with the highest mean value was recorded for crowns fabricated with PEEK frame work veneered with composite crowns.<br />Conclusion: Crowns constructed from PEEK substructure and veneered using composite gave highly significant results than the other two groups. All groups gave comparable results withstanding the fracture forces beyond the maximum masticatory biting force.
Fracture resistance,PEEK,Zirconia,ceramic,composite resin,CAD/CAM
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78083.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78083_1486cd49846f60b9ce26788599e70780.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Fracture resistance assessment of endodontically accessed hybrid ceramic crowns repaired with two different protocols
721
731
EN
Sherif
El Khodary
Lecturer, Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry. Cairo University
Reham
El Basty
Lecturer, Fixed Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry. Cairo University
10.21608/edj.2018.78084
Statement of the Problem: It is frustrating when the patient has recently placed an all ceramic crown and now has symptoms of irreversible pulpitis or necrosis and an endodontic treatment is indicated. Providing endodontic care through all ceramic crowns in situ is a challenge. Endodontic access through the restoration may weaken it and initiate micro cracks that may propagate resulting in failure. The best practice protocol to improve the fracture resistance of endodontically accessed and repaired all ceramic crowns cannot be identified based on the currently available scientific data. In addition, wider variations in repair protocols are worthy of further investigation.<br />Purpose: The aim of this in vitro study was to measure the fracture resistance of endodontically accessed Vita Enamic crowns repaired with two different protocols (direct composite and <br />ceramic plug).<br />Materials and Methods: Fifteen freshly extracted human mandibular molar teeth were used in this study. All teeth were mounted in epoxy resin blocks using a special device (parallelometer). Teeth were randomly divided into three groups of five specimens each according to the type of restoration as follows; Group I: Teeth restored with full coverage CAD/CAM Enamic crowns (control group), Group II: Teeth restored with full coverage CAD/CAM Enamic crowns, endodontically treated and repaired with direct composite, Group III: Teeth restored with full coverage CAD/CAM Enamic crowns, endodontically treated and repaired with CAD/CAM bonded enamic plugs. Teeth were prepared using a special milling machine. Cerec Premium SW 4.4 was used for the fabrication of crowns from hybrid ceramic Enamic blocks. Crowns were cemented using Rely X Ultimate dual-cure resin cement. For groups II and III, an access cavity was made at the center of the occlusal surface using a round-end diamond bur and copious amounts of water spray followed by root canal treatment. A thin layer of flowable composite material was placed at the base of the pulp chamber. For group II; the access cavity was filled with Filtek Supreme nanofilled composite. For group III; the access cavity was scanned then a ceramic plug filling the access cavity was designed using the Cerec Premium software and milled from Vita Enamic blocks. The ceramic plug was then cemented inside the access cavity using Rely X Ultimate resin cement. All the specimens were subjected to thermo mechanical aging in a chewing simulator for 150,000cycles. Fracture resistance was measured using a computer controlled universal testing machine. For each crown, a single static compressive load was applied along the long axis till fracture occurred. The load required to induce failure was recorded in Newton (N).Data were recorded, tabulated and statistically analyzed.<br />Results: The highest mean±SD values were recorded for group I (2027.64±294.24 N) followed by group III (1784.26±72.15 N) while the lowest mean±SD values were recorded for group II (1494.95±46.95 N). The difference between groups was statistically significant as indicated by ANOVA test (p=0.0017<0.05). Pair-wise Tukey’s post-hoc tests showed non-significant (p>0.05) differences between (group I and group III) and (group II and group III).<br />Conclusions : 1- The endodontically accessed hybrid ceramic crowns repaired with the novel protocol (ceramic plug) recorded high fracture resistance values. 2- The use of ceramic plug is a feasible alternative to the currently used composite repair protocol.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78084.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78084_09b360a7009c13271580168d8032252d.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
THE EFFECT OF ATMOSPHERIC PLASMA-SPRAYED PEEK IMPLANTS ON OSSEOINTEGRATION
733
744
EN
Aliaa
Mahrous
Lecturer of fixed prosthodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Fayoum University, Egypt
Samah
Mohamed
Lecturer of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, MSA University, Egypt
Alshaimaa
Ahmed
Lecturer of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Fayoum University, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.78085
Objectives: The study evaluated the osseointegration of atmospheric plasma treated PEEK implant surfaces versus the untreated PEEK surfaces. <br />Material & Methods: The PEEK implants were milled using carbon reinforced PEEK material with CAD-CAM milling machine. The implants were placed in 6 male mongrel dogs, each dog received 2 groups of PEEK implants. The control group consisted of untreated surface PEEK implants. The study group consisted of atmospheric plasma-sprayed PEEK implants. the implants were placed in the dog femur. After 12 weeks, the animals were sacrificed, and bone-implant sections were obtained for histological evaluations and bone-to-implant contact. Electron microscope scanning was performed to assess the topography of the surface of treated and untreated PEEK implant surface.<br />Results: Qualitative evaluation of the stained histological sections of the PEEK implants demonstrated a well distributed bone in proximity to the atmospheric plasma-sprayed PEEK implant surface after 12 weeks of placements. The bone-to-implant contact showed a significant difference (P < 0.001) between treated and untreated PEEK implant surface.<br />Conclusions: Within the limitation of the present study, it is concluded that the atmospheric plasma-sprayed surface treatment may improve the osseointegration of PEEK implant.<br />Key Words: PEEK, Osseointegration, plasma-spray, titanium, dental implant.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78085.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78085_d966c984a3ccff0fd32dc4317d61bde4.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Evaluation of β-catenin expression in dental pulp following direct pulp capping in dog teeth
745
752
EN
Dalia
A
El-Baz
Associate Professor, Oral Histology Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University
Maha
A
El-Baz
Lecturer, Operative Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University
Geraldine
M
Ahmed
Associate Professor, Endodontic Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University
Alaa
A
El-Baz
Associate Professor, Endodontic Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University
10.21608/edj.2018.78086
Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate pulpal responses and β-catenin expression following direct pulp capping of mechanically exposed teeth with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), bioaggregate (BA) and stem cells (BM-MSCs) in dog teeth.<br />Methods: Six healthy male mongrel dogs, aged between 2.5 and 3.5 years of age, were used for the present experimental work. Permanent mandibular molars and premolars were selected as the most suitable teeth. Teeth were divided into three groups according to the capping materials. Occlusal pulp exposures were performed. The pulp exposures in each dog were randomly capped in pairs according to the manufacturer instructions with MTA( group I), Bioaggregate (group II) and Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (group III), where MTA was used as the control and placed in a single pair of teeth. The cavities were restored with zinc oxide-eugenol and amalgam. The pulpal tissue responses to the tested materials were assessed postoperatively after sacrificing the dogs after 30 days. Real Time PCR for quantitative expression of β-catenin was used. One Way ANOVA was used to compare between the tested materials followed by Tukey’s Post Hoc test for pairwise comparison.<br />Results: Group III showed the highest expression of β-catenin protein (5.63±0.09) followed by group II (3.42±0.17) followed by group I (2.34±0.16) at p≤0.001.<br />Conclusion: Dentinogenesis process was most active in group III (BM-MSCs) in comparison to both group I (MTA) and group II(BA) groups.
Mineral trioxide aggregate,Bioaggregate,BM-MSCs,direct pulp capping
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78086.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78086_0c05884e6727f833079bcdc7b4142385.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Postoperative Sensitivity and clinical evaluation of Posterior Composite Restorations in medium and deep cavities placed using two insertion techniques (Two-Years-Randomized Clinical Study)
753
765
EN
Hala
Ragab
Associate Professor, Department of Restorative Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon.
10.21608/edj.2018.78087
Objective: This prospective randomized clinical study had two objectives, the first was to evaluate the influence of the cavity depth (medium and deep) and the insertion technique (flowable bulk and incremental layering) on the occurrence of postoperative sensitivity (POS) in single-surface (class I) posterior composite resin restorations; and the second was to evaluate the clinical performance of these restorations over two-year period using selected united states public health service (USPHS) Criteria.<br />Methods: A total of 15-females and 17 males of an average age 25.6 ± 6.1 years were enrolled in this clinical study. Patient selection was based on predetermined clinical criteria. In each patient, one pair of active occlusal caries (class I) of almost the same depth were included, each of which was located in a different quadrant (split-mouth design). Patients were divided into two groups based on the cavity depth: G1 included 21-pairs of medium-class I and G2 included 11-pairs of deep-class I. Cavities were randomly allocated to one of the two composite resin insertion methods: incremental layering using a nanohybrid resin composite only as control (CeramX-Mono) and a flowable bulk-fill base (SDR) veneered with CeramX-Mono. Methods used in cavity preparation, bonding procedures, finishing, and polishing were standardized and rubber-dam was used for all the clinical procedures. Evaluation of postoperative sensitivity (POS) was carried out at baseline (immediately after restoration), one-day, one-week, and one-month after treatment using cold/air stimuli, and recorded using a visual analog scale. The clinical evaluation of the restorations was carried out at baseline, one year and two-years, using modified USPHS selected relevant criteria according to van Dijken (1986): anatomic form, marginal integrity, color match and secondary caries. Scores of POS were statistically analyzed using Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test and ordinal regression at the level of significance P ≤ 0.05. Scores of the clinical criteria were analyzed using cumulative frequency distribution of scores. Fisher’s Exact test was used to compare between the two cavity depths. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare between the two techniques. Friedman’s test was used to study the changes by time within each group. Results: there was no statistically significant effect of gender and age on sensitivity grades. There was no significant difference between sensitivity grades at baseline for all groups. However, deep-cavity groups showed the significantly higher prevalence of mild to moderate sensitivity than medium-cavity groups. In a medium-cavity group, there was no statistically significant difference between sensitivity grades at one-day after restoration using the two techniques. All cases showed no POS at one-week and one-month. However, in the deep-cavity group, layering-technique showed the statistically significantly higher prevalence of mild sensitivity than bulk-fill technique one-day after restoration. There was no significant difference between the two techniques after one-week. Additionally, the entire deep-cavity group showed no sensitivity at one-month. Clinical evaluation of all restorations showed excellent performance at 2-year follow-up with 0% failure rate. The cavity depth and the insertion technique showed no significant effect on anatomical form, color match and marginal discoloration with a range of (scores 0-1). All cases showed excellent marginal continuity and no recurrent caries (score 0). However, in deep cavity groups at one-year evaluation, bulk fill showed a statistically significant higher prevalence of slight color mismatch (score 1) than layering technique which didn’t change significantly after two-years.<br />Conclusion: Bulk fill technique based on SDR flowable base can be considered an alternative to conventional layering when the clinically relevant thickness is required. Bulk fill insertion may be significant in minimizing POS in high C-factor class I without sacrificing the physical and mechanical properties in stress-bearing areas. Both techniques showed acceptable clinical performance with predominantly excellent scores for all the clinical parameters analyzed in this 2-year follow-up clinical study.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78087.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78087_6756abe5c41ac10cea7412f5a317d36e.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
THE IMPACT OF IMPLANT NUMBER ON CLINICAL AND RADIOGRAPHIC OUTCOMES OF IMPLANT-SUPPORTED MAXILLARY OVERDENTURE WITH LOCATOR ATTACHMENTS: 2-YEARS OUTCOMES
767
785
EN
Mostafa
Helmy
Mostafa
Lecturer of Removable Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University
Enas
Anter
Abd El Ghaffar
Lecturer of Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University
Enji
Ahmed
Mahmoud
Associate Professor of Oral Medicine and Periodontology. Cairo University
10.21608/edj.2018.78088
Statement of problem: Patient perspectives on the treatment options for maxillary edentulism, which debate include fixed or removable implant-supported prostheses, may help eliminate current uncertainty as to the best choice of treatment plan.<br />Purpose: This study intended to evaluate the impact of implant number placed in fully edentulous maxilla on the clinical as well as the radiographic outcomes of implant-supported maxillary overdentures with locator attachments over two years of investigation. <br />Materials & methods: For this clinical research study held between May 2015 and May 2017, twenty-four fully edentulous patients received new maxillary and mandibular complete dentures prior to implant placement. After common denture delivery modifications, every patient was instructed to use the denture in a conservative manner for three months, with a follow-up appointment every two week. During this period, arrangements for implant placement were processed. Following the three months of adaptation; patients were randomly categorized into two main groups: In the first group (of twelve patients), every patient received six implants in the maxilla (three in each quadrant) utilizing a pre-fabricated computer-aided surgical stent. In the second group (of twelve patients), every patient received four implants in the maxilla (two in each quadrant) utilizing a pre-fabricated computer-aided surgical stent. After six months of implants placement (to ensure complete implants osseointegration), patients of the two groups had completed the procedures of fabricating Implant-supported maxillary overdenture with locator attachment. the clinical & the radiographic outcomes of the Implants supporting the overdentures had been calibrated at time of implants insertion, 6 months, 12 months, 18 months and 24 months respectively. Noting that: Forcemeter measurements started at the time of overdenture insertion Not at the time of implants insertion (i.e. only four readings were obtained). Results: Repeated measures ANOVA test was used to study the changes by time inside each group as well as to compare between the two groups. Moreover, Student’s t-test was used to compare between quantities of bone loss or improvement in the two groups. Those studies exhibited that; there was a statistically significant difference in clinical & radiographic outcomes between the two groups of study throughout the investigation period.<br />Conclusion: Maxillary Overdentures supported by six implants exhibited a more reliable and better treatment option than those supported by only four implants, in terms of clinical as well as radiographic outcomes.<br />Keywords: Overdenture, Edentulism, Clinical outcome, Implant Number, Maxillary Denture, Locators.<br />CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS<br />Completely edentulous patients often have problems with their complete dentures; a treatment modality of using four to six implants to support a maxillary overdenture has been proposed to improve the retention as well as the stability of the maxillary denture, in addition to preserving the residual alveolar bone.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78088.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78088_a9c4bdac6a7dd95e2fcab22ce3da35c1.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Evaluation of retention of two implant supported ceramic crowns using two temporary cements
787
794
EN
Mohamed
Tarek
Farahat
General Practitioner in Cairo Health Directorate, Ministry of Health
Ahmad
Khaled
Aboelfadl
Lecturer of Fixed Prosthodontics, Crown and Bridge Department Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University
10.21608/edj.2018.78089
Aim: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of two temporary cements (Resin based cement and Eugenol Free Zinc oxide cement) on the retention of two titanium implant supported crowns made of (Polymer infiltrated hybrid glass ceramic and Yttrium stabilized tetragonal zirconia).<br />Materials and methods: 20 dummy implants were inserted in epoxy resin blocks. The twenty blocks were divided according to the crown material into two groups (n=10): Group I: VITA ENAMIC™ crowns, Group II: BurxZir™ zirconia crowns. Each group were further sub-divided into two sub-groups (n=5), according to the temporary cement material used (Sub-group A: crowns cemented with DentoTemp™ cement, Sub group B: crowns cemented with Tempbond NE™ cement). The crowns were fabricated with CAD-CAM technology. Each crown had two wings on the mesial and distal surfaces to aid in retention analysis. The crowns were cemented to the titanium abutments and then retention was measured using uni-axial tensile force test.<br />Results: DentoTemp™ cement showed a higher retentive values with both crown materials. The retentive values of the DentoTemp™ temporary cement was significantly higher than those of the Tempbond NE™ cement when used with BruxZir™ Zirconia crowns.<br />Conclusions: Resin based temporary cement showed significantly higher retention results than non-eugenol temporary cement while the difference in crown material showed no significant difference.
Implants,retention,Temporary cement,Zirconia,Hybrid ceramics
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78089.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78089_2975edd7c8aefdc5b05a7a4e3c38fbf9.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Mechanical Wear and Surface Roughness of Glass and Hybrid Ceramics
795
802
EN
Ahmad
Khaled
Abo El Fadl
Lecturer of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University. Guest researcher, Oral technology Department, Bonn, Germany.
10.21608/edj.2018.78090
Aim: The purpose of this invitro study was to evaluate wear resistance and surface roughness of two hybrid ceramics in comparison to lithium disilicate glass ceramic before and after mechanical abrasion.<br />Materials and methods: Thirty samples were divided according to material of construction into three groups, group (1): Lithium disilicate glass ceramic (IPS e.max, n=10), group (2): Resin nanoceramic (Lava Ultimate, n=10), group (3): Polymer infiltrated ceramic (Vita Enamic, n=10). All samples were fabricated out of CAD CAM ceramic blocks, weighed and evaluated for surface roughness before and after mechanical wear.<br />Results: Resin nanoceramic (Lava ultimate), showed significantly low weight loss and surface roughness change after mechanical wear than IPS e.max. The polymer infiltrated ceramic (Vita Enamic) showed significantly high surface roughness than Resin nanoceramic (Lava ultimate), while IPS e.max showed the highest weight loss and surface roughness change. <br />Conclusions: Resin nanoceramics revealed highest mechanical wear resistance contributed by terms of weight loss and surface roughness change, while Lithium disilicate glass ceramic showed the least wear resistance.
Wear,Surface roughness,Glass ceramics,Hybrid ceramics
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78090.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78090_65a562d0b4bb93248be7900d201a41bd.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Assessment of the depth of cure of resin composite restoration by using Trans-tooth curing technique with different light curing intensities
803
809
EN
Rasha
Raafat
Lecturer of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.78091
Statement of problem: failure of resin composite restoration is most frequently caused by improper polymerization; it would be advantageous if the restoration possessed optimal depth of cure. Objective: The purpose of this study was to the depth of cure of resin composite restoration by using Trans-tooth curing technique with different light curing intensities <br />Material and methods: A total of 20 sound, non-carious human maxillary anterior teeth, were used in this study. The teeth were divided into 2 main groups of 10 teeth each according to the thickness of the labial tooth structure plate (T); either 1.5 mm plate thickness (T1) or 1 mm plate thickness (T2). Each main group was subdivided into 2 subgroups of 5 teeth each according to the intensity of the light curing (I); either conventional intensity light curing (I1), or high intensity light curing (I2). Two Standardized class III cavity preparations were prepared in the proximals and lingual surfaces. Resin composite restorations were applied then all the teeth prepared for micro-hardness assessment. Data were explored for normality using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test of normality. The results of Kolmogorov-Smirnov test indicated that most of data were normally distributed (parametric data), therefore, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to compare between groups. This was followed by Tukey’s post hoc test and independent t test for pairwise comparisons. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. <br />Results: Comparing all groups revealed that the highest mean value was recorded in High intensity curing (1.5 mm), whereas the lowest mean value was recorded in conventional intensity curing at 1.5 mm. ANOVA test revealed that the difference between all groups was statistically significant (P=0.001).<br />Conclusions: Under the limitation of this in-vitro study it can be concluded that the thickness of the tooth structure as trans-tooth curing technique was applied is greatly affect the amount of light energy reached to the resin composite restoration. So therefore subsequently affect the degree of conversion of the composite restoration rather than the degree of light intensity.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78091.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78091_6e384b3030736671ca76c5dfcfb468b1.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Comparing of Marginal and internal fit of Monolithic Zircon crown Fabricated by 3D Printed Die versus Conventional
811
820
EN
Amany
M.
Korsel
Assestant Professor in Fixed Prosthodontics Department. Faculty of Dentistry. Tanta University
10.21608/edj.2018.78092
Purpose: Evaluation of marginal and internal fit of monolithic zircon crown restoration fabricated by scanning three different die material ;3D printed resin versus stone and epoxy resin dies. <br />Materials and methods: A standardized Computer Numerical Control machine (CNC) will be used to fabricate a stainless steel master die simulating a prepared tooth with an occluso-gingival height of 6 mm, a taper of 6° and 1 mm shoulder circumferentially. The overall diameter of the die at the base is 8.5 mm Three groups of zircon crown (Prettau® Zirconia manufactured by Zirkonzahn® and E-Denstone®). 10 crowns per each group fabricated digitally from three different dies as follow: 1) First group (G1) 3D printed resin die (light cured methacrylate (Envision TEC). 2) Second group (GII), Epoxy resin die. 3) Third group (GIII) Type IV stone die (Zhermach spa, Bouazecchino ST, Badia polesine, Italy). Each crown fabricated from its specific die seated and stabilized on the master stainless steel die. Demark certain points on the crown margin and photographed using USB Digital microscope with a built-in camera (Scope Capture Digital Microscope, Guangdong, China) connected with an IBM compatible personal computer using a fixed magnification of 45X. Internal discrepancy of the copings was measured by a replica technique. Each coping was filled with light-body silicone (zetaplus, zhermack, italy), the replicas (heavy and light –body silicon) were carefully removed from the crown and sectioned mesio-distally into two equal segments with three regions measured on each section (margin, axial and occlusal), yielding 8 internal measurements for each coping. A digital image analysis system (Image J 1.43U, National Institute of Health, USA) was used to measure and qualitatively evaluate the gap width. <br />Results: Data analysis was performed in several steps. Initially, descriptive statistics for each group results. One-way ANOVA followed by pair-wise Tukey’s post-hoc tests were performed to detect significance between all groups. The absolute marginal gap mean ±SD values recorded for first group were (18.0305±6.99717), for II group were (41.0989± 21.55940) and for III group were (18.2960 ± 7.177245). It was found that the highest absolute marginal gap mean value recorded for IIgroup followed by III group mean value.While the lowest absolute marginal gap mean value recorded for I group. The difference between all die groups was statistically significant as revealed with one-way ANOVA test (p=0.01). Pair-wise Tukey’s post-hoc test showed non-significant differences while (p=0.99) between (groups III,I), While between (groups II, III) and (groups II, I) there is significant differences where (p=0.01). Descriptive statistics, showing mean values and standard deviations (SD) for internal fit measured in µm recorded for all die groups are summarized as following: One way ANOVA showed that there is a significance between the three groups p ≤ 0.05 and also Pair-wise Tukey’s post-hoc test showed non-significant differences (p=0.926) between group I and III, While the difference between group I and II was significant P=0.001 and groupII and III was significant where p=0.001.<br />Conclusion: With the limitation of this study, it was found that: 3D printed resin die provide a restoration with good marginal and internal fit . All the die materials provided crown restorations with acceptable fit.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78092.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78092_b644964629996d572dd1921848585aed.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Micro-shear Bond strength of Novel MDP Calcium- Fluoride Releasing Self-Adhesive Resin Cement after thermocycling
821
833
EN
Aliaa
Mahrous
Lecturer Fixed Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Fayoum University, Egypt
Mohamed
M
Radwan
Lecturer Fixed Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Beni Suaf University, Egypt
Samah
Mohamed
Kamel
Lecturer Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Modern Science and Arts University (MSA), Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.78093
Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the micro-shear bond strength and failure mode of novel “MDP calcium-fluoride releasing” self-adhesive resin cement (TheraCem) with tooth structure (enamel& dentin) and yttrium stabilized zirconia after thermocycling and comparing the results with universal “non-containing MDP” self-adhesive resin cement (Relay X Unicem as a control) <br />Materials and Methods: Enamel and dentin specimens (20 discs each) were obtained by using diamond saw (IsoMet 4000 linear Precision saw, Buehler, USA) with copious water coolant. Twenty zirconia plates were obtained from IPS e.max ZirCad blocks (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) and sintered in an inFire HTC speed high-temperature furnace (Sirona Dental System GmbH, Germany). Micro resin cylinders were created on the bonded surface and filled with the tested cements (n= 10 /substrate) group A (control) using non-containing MDP self-adhesive cement Relay X Unicem (3M ESPE) while group B (tested cement) using MDP calcium-fluoride releasing self-Adhesive resin cement TheraCem (BISCO, Schaumburg, Illinois, USA). Cements were left to self-cure for 5 minutes. All the specimens were thermocycled for 5,000 cycles (Thermocycler 1100 SD Mechatronik, GmbH). Micro-shear bond strength was measured using universal testing machine and debonded surfaces were examined for failure mode analysis with all morphological and ultrastructure changes using Scanning Electron Microscope (Quanta 250 Field Emission Gun, Netherlands) attached with EDX Unit (Energy Dispersive X-ray Analyses). The results were statistically analysed. <br />Results: TheraCem (tested cement) had a slightly higher (mean±SD) µ-SBS (Mpa) value than RelyX (control) (18.96±4.36, 12.18±3.13; respectively) (P=0.177). Within enamel, TheraCem (6.46±1.37) had a significantly higher (mean±SD) µ-SBS (Mpa) value than RelyX (3.04±0.99) (P=0.002). Similarly, TheraCem in dentine (10.67±1.27) had a significantly higher (mean±SD) than RelyX (6.46±1.74) (P=0.014). As for zirconia, TheraCem (39.76±1.18) had a significantly higher (mean±SD) µ-SBS (Mpa) than RelyX (27.04±1.92) (P<0.001)<br />Conclusion: using MDP calcium-fluoride releasing self-adhesive resin cement (TheraCem) may improve bond strength to all tested substrates (enamel, dentin and zirconia).<br />Clinical significant: TheraCem self-adhesive resin cement can be considered as promising cement for many clinicians. Further clinical studies are required to provide long term clinical success data.
TheraCem self-adhesive,MDP Calcium-fluoride Releasing adhesives,Relay X Unicem,enamel,Dentin,Zirconia,thermocycling,Micro-shear bond strength,failure mode
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78093.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78093_be01618244f11723a76787b364e614c0.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
64
Issue 1 - January (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
2018
01
01
Resin composite bond integrity with desensitized dentin
835
845
EN
Asmaa
A.
Yassen
Associate professor of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt
Mohamed
A.
Abdelaal
Lecturer of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Nahda University, Egypt
Mohamed
F.
Haridy
Associate professor of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2018.78094
Objectives: To study the influence of using nano-hydroxyapatite or self-assembling peptides containing desensitizing agent on the dentin-resin composite microtensile bond strength and interfacial micromorphology.<br />Materials and methods: Standardized mid coronal flat dentin was obtained from a collected thirty molars. Exposed dentin surfaces were demineralized and randomly divided into three equal groups (10 each) according to the desensitizing agent used; without (control), nano-hydroxyapatite containing (Remin Pro, VOCO, Germany) or self-assembling peptide (CurodontTM Protect, Credentis, Switzerland). Desensitizing agents were uniformly distributed over the demineralized surfaces and left for 5 minutes/ once daily for 7 days. Specimens were stored in artificial saliva during the seven days. Resin composite (Aelite Aesthetic Enamel, Bisco, Inc, Schaumburg, USA) core was built over the demineralized substrate after being bonded with All-Bond Universal adhesive (Bisco, Inc, Schaumburg, USA). Slabs with a cross-sectional area of approximately 1mm2 were obtained from all bonded specimens and subjected to microtensile bond strength testing at a cross head speed of 1.0mm/min. Fractured specimens were examined under a digital microscope at 50x to examine the failure mode. Micromorphological analysis for the resin dentin interface and fractured specimens were done using SEM. Statistical analysis was done using One way-ANOVA followed by Tuckey’s post hoc test for comparison (P≤ 0.05).<br /> Results: The mean bond strength values recorded in (MPa) were (38.0(6.7)) Remin Pro, (30.17(6.3)) Curodont and (30.65(6.4)) control with a statistical significant difference between them. Adhesive failure was prominent in Curodont, however, cohesive and mixed failures were common in the other two groups. Micromorphological analysis revealed crystal deposits along the hybrid layer and resin tags in Remin Pro group and defective hybridization with Curodont.<br />Conclusions: Dentin desensitization has not any adverse effect on the resin composite bond integrity. The use of Nano-hydroxyapatite containing agent plays a role in the reinforcement of hybrid layer.
bond strength,Curodont,Desensitization,Nanohydroxyapatite,Protect,Remin Pro,Self assembling peptides
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78094.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78094_10bafc8fd90f3ef58f9c81c825efa549.pdf