The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
66
Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)
2020
01
01
Effect of Multiple Stainless Steel Crowns on Salivary pH, Nickel, and Chromium Levels
1
16
EN
Talat
Mohamed
Beltagy
Associate Professor of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Kafrelsheikh University
10.21608/edj.2020.77494
Background: The use of stainless steel crowns (SSCs) in pediatric dentistry is widely used. Recently, there has been an increasing ecological and global public health concern associated with environmental contamination by metallic alloys. Aim of the study: To determine the in-vitro and in-vivo effect of multiple stainless steel crowns on the salivary pH, nickel and chromium levels at different periods. <br />Materials and methods: This study consisted of: I-In-vitro study: A total of 200 standard sizes of SSCs were divided into 4 groups (10 samples/each). Each sample/group contained 2, 4, 6, and 8 SSCs, respectively. All SSCs were trimmed 1mm circumferentially, smoothed, re-contoured, fitted, and cemented on standard crowns of plastic teeth models. Each group was placed in a closed container containing artificial saliva with a standard pH. II-In-vivo study: A total of 40 patients indicated for SSC restorations were selected, aged 5-9 years. Similar to in-vitro, they were allocated into 4 groups according to the numbers of SSCs restorations used. 5ml of unstimulated saliva was taken for pH, nickel, and chromium analysis at 5-intervals: baseline, and 1day, 1week, 2weeks, 1month, and 2-months post-cementation. Data analysis: The mean and standard deviations, one way ANOVA, and the Person correlation coefficient were used. The level of significance was adopted at p≤0.05.<br />Results: In both studies: The more the increase in the number of SSCs, the more the increase in acidity and release of ions. As regards pH value; within the groups at 5 intervals, there was only a significant difference in groups containing 8 SSCs and 6 SSCs, and between the intervals and the baseline (p≤0.05). The group that has 8 SSCs recorded the lowest pH value. Among groups: in-vitro: all groups showed a significant difference during 3-time intervals (p≤0.05) except at 2-months; the difference was not significant (p>0.05), while in-vivo, the difference was not significant (p>0.05). As regards the released ions: Within groups, both studies showed a significant difference among all intervals, and between the intervals and the baseline (p≤0.05). Among groups: In-vitro, all groups showed significant differences during the intervals (p≤0.05), while the only period showing no significant difference was at 2 months in the chromium group (p>0.05). The group that has 8 SSCs recorded the highest level and the difference was significant (p≤0.05). The peak level of the released ions and reduced pH value was at 1day and 1week for in-vitro and in-vivo study, respectively. <br />Conclusion: The released nickel and chromium ions were directly proportional to the number of stainless steel crowns whereas the pH value was inversely proportional. The maximum level recorded was 1day and 1-week post-cementation for in-vitro and in-vivo study, respectively. The peak released of ions was much lower than the toxic level or the level of dietary intake.
biodegradation,nickel-chromium levels,pH,stainless steel crowns,children
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77494.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77494_2e44ae982afedf5773bb6d935632f6f7.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
66
Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)
2020
01
01
Pediatric dentist accessibility and post-operative complications of laryngeal mask airway versus nasotracheal intubation in full mouth rehabilitation under general anaesthesia: a randomised controlled trial
17
25
EN
Ahmed
Elkhadem
Lecturer in the Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt
Passant
Nagi
Lecturer in the Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt
Mohamed
Abdel-Ghany
Lecturer in Anesthesiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2020.77495
Background: Nasotracheal intubation (NTI) is the standard used technique for treating children’s teeth under general anaesthesia (GA). Nevertheless, it may cause adverse effects like laryngeal pain, post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and dysphonia. Hence, this study aimed to compare the pediatric dentist’s access to the mouth, PONV, laryngeal pain, dysphonia, patients’ recovery time, parents satisfaction and operators satisfaction for children received NTI or an LMA.<br />Materials and methods: Fifty children were randomised to either NTI or LMA groups. One expert pediatric dentist performed full mouth rehabilitation for all children. An expert anaesthetist used 8% sevoflurane mask for induction, followed by airway management either with LMA or NTI. Muscle relaxant was not administered for both groups to permit lung muscles to work normally during operation. <br />Results: The baseline characteristics were similar between NTI and LMA with no statistically significant difference. Regarding the postoperative laryngeal pain and dysphonia, LMA showed less risk of occurrence with a relative risk of 0.27 (95% CI: 0.1, 0.69) and 0.22 (95% CI: 0.1, 0.5) respectively, and these results were statistically significant (P<0.01). On the other hand, the use of NTI decreased the total operation time by 23 minutes (95% CI:14.8, 31.2). Besides, NTI resulted in better intraoral accessibility for the pediatric dentist with 92% rating as excellent, while LMA was obstructing the view in 40% of cases and prevented working efficiently in 32% of cases. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the incidence of PONV, dental pain scores, recovery time, or parents’ satisfaction level (P>0.05). <br />Conclusion: For this group of Egyptian children who underwent full-mouth dental rehabilitation under general anaesthesia, the LMA provided less risk for postoperative laryngeal pain and dysphonia. However, the pediatric dentist had better accessibility and workability with NTI, which subsequently decreased the operation time significantly.
Laryngeal mask airway,Nasotracheal intubation,Full mouth rehabilitation,General anaesthesia,Pediatric dentist accessibility
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77495.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77495_e29447563d57eb0ce3471ca5794abcb3.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
66
Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)
2020
01
01
Audio-Visual Distraction Effect on Heart Rate in Children during Dental Treatment, A Randomized Clinical Trial
27
34
EN
Sherif
Adel Zakhary
Pediatric Dentistry Master Degree Student
Mahmoud
Hamdy
Eid
Professor of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University
Nada
Mohamed
Wassef
Lecturer of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University
10.21608/edj.2020.77496
Background: Dental anxiety is one of the causes of avoiding dental visits in children and is associated with physiological body reactions as increased heart rate. Different behavior management techniques have been used to reduce dental anxiety among them are Tell-show-do technique and audiovisual (AV) distraction. <br />Aim: To determine the effect of audiovisual distraction on heart rate during dental treatment in children. <br />Subjects and methods: Forty-two patients requiring pulp therapy were randomly allocated to either control group (managed by tell-show-do technique) or test group (managed by audiovisual distraction using virtual reality eyeglasses). Heart rate measures were recorded for all patients before the treatment and every five minutes during the procedure. Results were tabulated and statistically analyzed. <br />Results: There was a statistically significant difference in heart rate mean values between both study groups. Where AV distraction group showed better results in lowering anxiety. <br />Conclusions: Audiovisual distraction can be considered an effective method for reducing anxiety during dental treatment and helping the patients enjoy the dental visit.
Tell-show-do,behavior management,audiovisual distraction,dental anxiety,heart rate
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77496.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77496_42cfdc6e42368ead928f15dbb4de36bf.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
66
Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)
2020
01
01
BIRTH ORDER EFFECT ON ORAL HEALTH IN A GROUP OF EGYPTIAN CHILDREN
35
40
EN
Manar
Mohammed
Lecturer, Department of Pediatric and community Dentistry, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, October 6
University, Giza, Egypt
Yomna
S.A.
Mohamed
Lecturer, Department of Pediatric and community Dentistry, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, October 6
University, Giza, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2020.77499
Background: Dental caries is one of the major widespread health issues that continue to negatively affect the oral health of children globally. <br />Aim: Determination of the relationship between the sibling order and dental caries experience in children.<br />Subjects and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out from outpatient children aged 3–12 seeking treatment in the dental clinic of October 6 university hospital .An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information from the parents on demographics and family structure including birth rank as well oral hygiene measure. The dental caries status of the children was assessed using WHO standard criteria for primary and mixed dentition. <br />Statistical analysis : Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare between caries indices in children with different orders in the family. Also linear regression model was constructed using dependent and independent variables. <br />Results: There was not statistical significant difference between sibling orders and dental caries .Age was the only statistically significant predictor of DMF. Also Frequency of brushing was the only statistically significant predictor of dmf. <br />Conclusion : No statistical significant difference between sibling orders and dental caries .
children,birth order,dental caries,dmf
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77499.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77499_b9f668cc669162fc05b45d2afbdf6970.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
66
Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)
2020
01
01
Oropharyngeal Airway Changes after Rapid Maxillary Expansion in Children with Bilateral left Lip and Palate
41
44
EN
Noha
Ibrahim
Abdelrahman
Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, Senior Orthodontist at Cleft Care Clinic affiliated to Oral and Maxillofacial
Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University
Fatma
Mostafa
El-Badawy
Lecturer, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University
10.21608/edj.2020.77500
Purpose: To assess the effect of rapid palatal expansion (RPE) on the oropharynx in individuals (age range from 9 to 14) with complete bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP). <br />Methods: Forty CBCT scans of 20 twenty complete BCLP individuals who had undergone rapid maxillary expansion maxillary before alveolar cleft grafting. Sample was divided into 2 groups according to the type of expander used. Scans were examined before expansion, and 3 months after expansion. Oropharyngeal 3D`volume was measured at both times for each study group. <br />Results: All post scans showed statistically significant increase in volume when compared to the pre scans using ANOVA variance test. However, no difference was detected between both groups. <br />Conclusion: RME increases the volume of the oropharyngeal airway regardless of the type of fixed expander.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77500.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77500_9eb3d61f2f4511ade0bc1325f9f8068c.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
66
Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)
2020
01
01
Nasal Chamber Changes Following Rapid Maxillary Expansion in Children with Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
45
50
EN
Noha
Ibrahim
Abdelrahman
Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, Senior Orthodontist at Cleft Care
Clinic affiliated to Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University
Raghdaa
Aboel-Khair
Mostafa
Lecturer, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of
Dentistry, Ain Shams University.
10.21608/edj.2020.77502
Purpose: The aim was to study the skeletal effect of rapid palatal expansion (RPE) on the anterior and posterior nasal width in a sample of Egyptian children (age range 9.4-14.3 years, mean 11.16 years) with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP). <br />Methods: Twenty Egyptian children with complete BCLP exhibiting maxillary transverse deficiency were divided randomly into; Group 1 received a fixed fan expander and Group 2 a hyrax expander. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were taken before T1 and 3 months after expansion T2, just before the alveolar cleft grafting (ACG) surgical procedure. Linear and angular measurements were assessed to measure the degree of change on the anterior and posterior nasal chamber widths, dentition, and dental arch. <br />Results: Repeated measure ANOVA with a between variable analysis was used to examine the effect of the two expanders on the dental arch and anterior nasal width as well as posterior nasal width. Statistically significant increase in dentoalveolar measurements were found in each group, nasal widths showed no statistically significant differences before and after expansion. <br />Conclusion: increase in nasal width were found to be statistically insignificant following RME.
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77502.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77502_002b008442c2599ffe98748d811d6fcd.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
66
Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)
2020
01
01
Low-Dose CBCT for Localization of Impacted Supernumerary Teeth in Children
51
56
EN
Fatma
Abdelgawad
Lecturer of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt.
Nada
Mohamed
Wassef
Lecturer of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt.
Ahmed
Abd Alsamad
Associate professor of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt
10.21608/edj.2020.77503
Background: In children, impacted supernumerary teeth usually present problems as delayed eruption of the permanent successors, leading to esthetics and functional problems. The accurate localization of these impacted supernumerary teeth is mandatory to avoid injuring the developing permanent teeth during surgical removal. Use of low-dose CBCT can provide a detailed three-dimensional image facilitating its use in children. <br />Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the accuracy of low-dose CBCT in localization of impacted supernumerary teeth before surgical removal in children.<br />Methods: Ten children having unerupted permanent incisors were recruited. Periapical radiographs were done to confirm the presence of impacted supernumerary teeth. A low-dose CBCT was done for each child with proper interpretation and measurements obtained for accurate localization. Surgery was done after that for all cases to confirm the proper location and measurements gathered from the cone beam interpretation using a periodontal probe. <br />Results: With the aid of the measures obtained from the interpretation of the low-dose CBCT, there was an increased accuracy in the surgical approach for removing the supernumerary teeth. In addition, there was a reduction in the number of radiographs needed for accurate localization and decreased tissue injury and possibility of damage for the permanent successors or adjacent teeth. <br />Conclusion/Clinical Significance: Low-dose CBCT can be used for better evaluation and localization of impacted supernumerary teeth before surgery.
Low-dose CBCT,supernumerary teeth,mesiodens,Cone beam computed tomography
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77503.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77503_803f5f336cd1b9961fa1e992785b56e9.pdf
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
2090-2360
66
Issue 1 - January (Orthodontics, Pediatric & Preventive Dentistry)
2020
01
01
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SNACKING HABITS AND CARIES EXPERIENCE A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN EGYPTIAN AND Kuwaiti CHILDREN
57
64
EN
Yomna
S.A.
Mohamed
Lecturer, Department of Pediatric and community Dentistry, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, October
6 University, Giza,Egypt
Hadil
A.
Sabry
Assistant Professor of Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, October 6 University
Manar
Mohammed
Lecturer, Department of Pediatric and community Dentistry, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, October
6 University, Giza,Egypt
10.21608/edj.2020.77504
Background: Dental caries is a chronic, multifactorial disease, with limited background data available for the Egyptian and Kuwaiti populations. Aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of dental caries among Egyptian and Kuwaiti children in correlation with snacking habits and oral hygiene measure. <br />Subjects and Methods: A total number of 360 Egyptian and kuwaiti children, each group comprised of 180 children (aged between 3-12 years)were examined over the period from 3rd August 2019 till 6th of October 2019.Demographic data, snacking habits and frequency of tooth brushing for children were recorded in a questionnaire. Dental status was analyzed using decayed, missing and filled index (dmf) for deciduous dentition and (DMF) index for permanent dentition. For mixed dentition (def ) index d(decayed),e (decayed tooth indicated for extraction) and f (filled tooth). <br />Results: Kuwaiti children who had unhealthy ,mixed snacks (healthy/Unhealthy), twice daily, at different time of the day (BL/LD) and brushing their teeth twice daily had a significantly higher value of DMF than the Egyptian children. Also, The Kuwaiti children had a significantly higher dmf score than the Egyptian children regarding healthy snacks, mixed snacks, twice daily, at different time of the day (BL/LD) and brushing their teeth twice daily. Finally, the Kuwaiti children showed higher statistically significant difference score of def regarding Unhealthy and twice daily snacks than the Egyptian children . <br />Conclusion: Our findings suggest that Kuwaiti children have higher caries prevalence than Egyptian children.<br />Abbreviation :BL=Between breakfast and lunch / LD=Between Lunch and dinner / Healthy snacks=Fruits and Vegetables/Unhealthy snacks :snacks including candy, soft drinks, chocolates, jelly, ice cream, potato chips , cookies ./Mixed:(Healthy/Unhealthy snacks).
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77504.html
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77504_6e8cd750e790ab50a840b598691f6d49.pdf