2024-03-29T12:25:30Z
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=11454
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Radiographic Evaluation Of Mini-implants Versus Short Implants In Rehabilitation Of Mandibular Edentulous Arch
Hebatallah
Abdallah
Marwa
Kothayer
Objective: the aim of this study was to compare the marginal bone loss between mini-implants and short length implants in patients rehabilitated with implant retained mandibular complete overdenture.Material and methods: Fourteen completely edentulous male patients were selected from those attended the out-patient clinic of Removable Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry-Ain Shams University to participate in this study. Based on the cone beam computed tomographic (CBCT) assessment, the selected patients were divided into two equal groups: Group (I): Patients received conventional complete maxillary dentures opposed by mandibular overdentures supported and retained by four Mini-implants of 2.5mm diameter and 12 mm length in the interforaminal region. Group (II): Patients received conventional complete maxillary dentures opposed by mandibular overdentures supported and retained by two conventional short implants of 4mm diameter and 8mm length placed in the lateral-canine regions. CBCT records were obtained upon Overdenture Insertion (Baseline), Six Months, Twelve Months after insertion.The Mesial, Distal, Buccal and Lingual marginal bone heights around the implants were evaluated, using the linear measurement system of the software with flat panel detector supplied by the cone beam CT. Results: Peri-Implant Bone Loss in Group (I):At six months following denture insertion calculated means of the measured bone loss for the Mesial surfaces were 0.5±0.1 mm, for the Distal surfaces were 0.55±0.03 mm ,for the Buccal surfaces were 0.50±0.12 mm and for the Lingual surfaces were 0.49±0.03mm.The calculated means of the measured bone loss was statistically significant at P < 0.05. At twelve months following denture insertion, the calculated means of the measured bone loss for the Mesial surfaces were 0.78±0.1 mm, for the Distal surfaces were 0.92±0.7 mm, for the Buccal surfaces were 0.79±0.1mm and for the lingual surface 0.74±0.03mm. The calculated means of the measured bone loss were statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05). Peri-Implant Bone Loss in Group (II): At six months following denture insertion calculated means of the measured bone loss for the Mesial surfaces were 0.56 ± 0.07 mm,for the Distal surfaces were 0.67 ± 0.06 mm,for the Buccal surfaces were 0.56 ± 0.06 mm and for the Lingual surfaces were 0.55 ± 0.05mm.The calculated means of the measured bone loss were statistically significant at P < 0.05. At twelve months following denture insertion calculated means of the measured bone loss for the Mesial surfaces were 0.7 ± 0.07 mm,for the Distal surfaces were 0.87 ± 0.07 mm,for the Buccal surfaces was 0.7 ± 0.08 mm and for the Lingual surfaces were 0.74 ± 0.007 mm. The calculated means of the measured bone loss were statistically significant ( P ≤ 0.05).The calculated means of the measured bone loss in group I of mini implants were higher than group II of short implants for the Mesial, distal,buccal and lingual surfaces and over all bone loss at 6 months and 12 months but was found statistically insignificant ( P ≤ 0.05).Conclusions: Within the limitation of this study, it could be concluded that marginal bone loss around mini implants supporting and retaining mandibular complete overdenture is higher than the marginal bone loss around conventional short implants supporting and retaining mandibular complete overdenture although the difference was statistically insignificant.
2018
07
01
2409
2423
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76819_9798c01bde375dd4cbec4f02662efe72.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Patency of opened dentinal tubules after treatment with Biomimetic materials
Asmaa
Yassen
Objectives: To estimate the dentinal tubules occlusion potential of biomimetic materials as nano-hydroxyapatite and self-assembling peptides and to compare their results with a traditionally used sodium fluoride material.Materials and methods: Standardized forty dentin disks were obtained from extracted molars. They were treated with citric acid 6% for 2 min to simulate the hypersensitive dentin. Disks were classified into four equal groups (n=10); Control group without treatment; Sodium fluoride (Bifluorid 10, VOCO, Germany); self-assembling peptide (CurodontTM Protect, Credentis, Switzerland) or nanohydroxyapatite nHAp containing material (Remin Pro, VOCO, Germany). Fluoride varnish was applied twice during the test period (7 days) and the biomimetic desensitizing agents were left for 5 minutes/ once daily. Specimens were stored in artificial saliva during the seven days. Specimens were analyzed using scanning electron microscope (500X). Quantitative analysis of the surface area (µm2) of the patent dentinal tubules in the scanned images was done by using digimizer image analysis software (version 3.7.0.0). Statistical analysis was done using One way-ANOVA followed by Tuckey’s post hoc test for comparison (P≤ 0.05).Results: In the control group, the dentinal tubules were widely opened after being demineralized with the highest dentinal tubules mean surface area recorded (592.5±68.0 µm2). Sodium fluoride group revealed partially obliterated dentinal tubules with intratubular deposits leaving a mean surface area of 260.0± 53.3 µm2. Opened areas in the fluoride group are statistically equal to those in the self-assembling peptide group (203.5±99.3). In the nanohydroxyapatite group, almost complete sealing of the dentinal tubules was evident with the least mean surface area of the opened parts(35.0±5.3). The difference between the study groups was statistically significant. Conclusions: The desensitizing agents studied showed different abilities to change the dentin surface micromorphology, with partial or total occlusion of dentinal tubules. Nanohydroxyapatite containing agent is a promising biomimetic material for management of dentin hypersensitivity.
Biomimetic
Dentin
Dentinal tubules
Desensitizing
occlusion
Patency
2018
07
01
2425
2432
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76820_1598f4002e07f39969456e3141d2a87c.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Influence of immediate dentin sealing technique on the interfacial quality of the indirect ceramic restoration
Asmaa
Yassen
Mohamed
Haridy
Purpose: To examine the microtensile bond strength and the micromorphology of ceramic restorations bonded to sealed dentin with different protocols. Methods: Fifty rectangular cavities were prepared in the occlusal dentin surfaces. They were randomly divided into five groups(n=10) according to the dentin sealing protocols: Group DDS: delayed dentin sealing(control group); IDS1: immediate dentin sealing with removal of O2 inhibited layer; IDS2: same as IDS1 but with dentin finishing immediately before the final cementation; IDS3: immediate sealing without removal of O2 inhibited layer; IDS4: same as IDS3 but with final dentin finishing. Temporization was performed using a provisional material (Tempfil Inlay, Kerr) for two weeks. Lithium disilicate glass-ceramic blocks (IPS e.max Press: Ivoclar, Vivadent, Liechtenstein, Schaan) were machine milled to fit inside the prepared cavities and they were cemented in place using resin cement (Rely X Unicem, 3M ESPE). Half of the restored teeth from each group was thermocycled (SD Mechatronicks THE 100 thermocycler, Germany) 5000 cycles 5-55˚C with 30 seconds dwell time. Specimens were prepared for microtensile bond strength test and micromorphological analysis with Environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM). Data was statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Tuckey’s post hoc test(P=0.05). Bond reliability was checked using the Weibull analysis. Results: Superior bond strength values (MPa) were evident in DDS group (30.56) and IDS2 (30.21) and the lowest value was in IDS3 (21.25). Weibull test confirmed that IDS2 revealed the most reliable bond even after thermocycling. All bond strength values decreased significantly after thermocycling. SEM results supported the bond strength findings.Conclusions: Immediate dentin sealing with removal of oxygen inhibited layer together with finishing just before final cementation are the keys for reliable interfacial bond between the dentin and ceramic restorations.
Indirect-Ceramics-Dentin-Sealing-Bond strength-micromorphology
2018
07
01
2433
2443
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76821_c3378571be0716c5dc844b25d50fb7bf.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Retention of two esthetic crown systems
Shaimaa
Abo El-Farag
Mohamed
El-layeh
Purpose: This in vitro study investigated the effect of intaglio surface conditioning and luting cements on retention of monolithic zirconia and metal-ceramic crowns. Methods: First mandibular molars (n=96), periodontally compromised and indicated for extraction were collected from oral surgery department, faculty of dentistry, Mansoura University and prepared to receive metal-ceramic and zirconia crowns. Forty-eight zirconia copings (Z) with 0.5 mm thickness were fabricated from monolithic zirconia using CAD/CAM machine (Ceramill motion 2). While Forty-eight cast metal copings (C) with 0.5 mm thickness were laboratory fabricated from Ni-Cr alloy and veneered with ceramic (VITA VM9). Intaglio surfaces of zirconia and metal-ceramic crowns were airborne-particle abraded. Zirconia and metal-ceramic copings were divided into 2 groups (n=24). Universal primer (P) (Monobond N) was applied to subgroup (n=24) while the other 24 copings were left without primer application (NP). Each 24 copings were divided into 3 divisions (n=8) according to luting cements: Metacem (M), G-CEM (G) and Ketac Cem Plus (K). A total of 12 groups were tested: M-P-C, G-P-C, K-P-C, M-NP-C, G-NP-C, K-NP-C, M-P-Z, G-P-Z, K-P-Z, M-NP-Z, RG-NP-Z and K-NP-Z. Specimens were stored in water for 3 months interrupted with thermal cycling for 10000 cycles/month. Retentive strength in (N) was measured for each specimen. Statistical analyses were conducted using 3, 2 and 1-way (ANOVA) s and Tukey’s HSD test. Results: Means±SD retentive strength (N) of test groups were; Metacem (M): P -C, 756.8±96.3 > P-Z, 592.8±82.7 > NP-C, 582.7±79.9 > NP-Z, 499.7±58.6. G-CEM (G): P-C, 659.5±48.1> P-Z, 595.6±67.9 > NP-C, 543.5±56.5 > NP- Z, 467.3±68.5. Ketac Cem Plus (k): P-C, 539.9±76 > NP-C, 461.6±69.8 > P-Z, 455.9±66.7> NP-Z, 452.6±73. Primer application significantly (P<0.05) increased retention of all test groups. Luting cements increased retention of test groups as follow, M > G > K. Conclusions: Primer application increased retention of both monolithic zirconia and metal-ceramic crowns. Multistep adhesive rein cement and self adhesive resin cement are the luting cements of choice for bonding monolithic zirconia and metal-ceramic compared to resin modified glass ionomer luting cement.
Metal-Zirconia-Crowns- Luting-Retention
2018
07
01
2445
2454
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76822_f76ebcf854d4a72b97e40c1d950c968a.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Implant stability in Rheumatoid Arhtritis patients rehabilitated with implant supported over dentures
Nancy
El-Sherbini
Aim: This study was performed to evaluate the implant stability in rheumatoid and non rheumatoid patients. Materials and methods: Fourteen completely edentulous patients were selected for the study, seven of them were suffering from rheumatoid arthritis and the other seven were free from diseases affecting bone quality and quantity. All patients received two implants in the canine region. Then mandibular implant supported over dentures were constructed for all patients Implant stability was measured using Ostell on timing of implant placement, three months after implant placement and one month after loading the implants. Results: There was statistically non significant change in implant stability for both rheumatoid and non rheumatoid patients through the whole follow up periods P=0.99.Conclusion: Rheumatoid arthritis didn’t affect the success of osseointegration.
Completely edentulous
implant stability
Implant overdenture
Rheumatoid Arthritis
osseointegration
2018
07
01
2455
2460
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76823_f5b66c41c63f12fed956987fceb4320d.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
An Evaluation of knowledge and preference of prosthodontic, orthodontic or integrated treatment options for peg shaped maxillary lateral incisors among general practitioners in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia-A Survey
Ahmed
Alassiry
Background and objective: The requirement for dental specialties and the number of specialists in each country depends mainly on the complex oral health care needs of the society. Missing lateral incisor or Peg shaped lateral incisor is such a condition. The aim of this study was to assess the awareness of general practitioners regarding needs of prosthodontic, orthodontic, or integrated treatment approach for management of peg shaped lateral incisor through a self-represented survey.Methodology: A Cross-sectional study was planned to conduct a survey using questionnaire containing 16 questions which were mailed and distributed to random sample of 292 general dental surgeons who voluntarily took part in the study.Results: Results were self-descriptive due to simple form of questionnaire. Most important goal for the treatment according to 80.7% responders was improvement in esthetics. According to responders, malocclusion was the most important factor (41.6%) which influences the treatment plan. 73.9 % responders told that the prefer to refer the patient to specialist when patients are reported with malocclusion and highly esthetic demand. Almost 40% responders do the diagnostic wax up in such cases. 43.2% responders decided to plan prosthetic treatment after completion of orthodontic treatment and for that full coverage crown was the most preferred choice for rehabilitation. 90.1% of responders believed that combination of both orthodontic and prosthodontic approach was best to achieve the perfect treatment outcome.Conclusion: Pre restorative orthodontic treatment is best for management of peg lateral incisor. Multidisciplinary approach towards the complex dental treatment is always better for the best treatment outcome. Referral system is also developed by such means.
Peg shaped
Lateral incisors
2018
07
01
2461
2468
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76825_342d2f8d6889fd01c189002a4299342c.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Influence of Hygroscopic expansion on cuspal deflection of tooth composite restoration (an in vitro study)
Ahmed
Elmarakby
Labib
Labib
Purpose: This study evaluates the effect of hygroscopic expansion on the cusp deflection of tooth composite restoration. Materials and Methods: Eighty (80) human premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons stored in normal saline were used. Large Mesiooccluso distal cavity (MOD) cavity was prepared. The specimens were divided into two main groups (40 each). each main group divided into two groupsaccording to bonding used (G-bond & composite consensual adhesive) each group (20 each), subdivided into four equal subgroups as follows: group A: Using low shrinkable resin composite (Filtek™ P90 Silorane shade A2; 3M ESPE,St Paul, MN, USA) with its adhesive system. group B: Using low shrinkable composite (Filtek P90 Silorane shade A2; 3M ESPE) with Gbond (GC, Tokyo, Japan). group C: Using Filtek™ Z350 (3M ESPE) composite with Gbond (GC). group D: Using Filtek Z350 (3M ESPE) composite with Adhe SE (Ivoclar Vivadent , Schaan, Liechtenstein). Specimens were stored in water for four time interval (immediate, 1, 2, 4&12) weeks. Each group was further divided into equal subgroup (5 teeth per each) according to immersion in normal saline. Cuspal deflection was detected by Universal measuring microscope (Carl Zeiss, Jena, Germany) and Universal horizontal metroscope (Universal Langenmesser; Carl Zeiss). The buccal and lingual cusp movements were recorded for 2000 s and the measured value (as a function of time) was stored on a computer through a data acquisition board. The buccal and lingual cusp movements were recorded again after the specimens were immersed in deionized water. The results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA followed by Student–Newman–Keuls post hoc tests. Results: The cavities which restored with the silorane (P90) resin-based composites recorded less cuspal deflection than the methacrylate-based (Filtek Z350) group the cavities which restored with silorane (P90) resin-based composites and bonded with its consensual adhesive recoreded the least cuspal deformations. cuspal deformation of the restored teeth gradually decreased, reversing the shrinkage deformation. The two hydrophobic resin composite restored teeth showed a gradual decrease of the shrinkage deformation due to hygroscopic expantion. Conclusion: Polymerization shrinkage deformationwas compensated by hygroscopic expansion within 4 weeks in teeth restored with a hydrophobic resin composite, while a hydrophilic restorative over-compensated polymerization shrinkage within 1 week causing tooth expansion.
cuspal deflection
Hygroscopic expantion
Low shrinkable composite
silorane
laser horizontal microscope
2018
07
01
2469
2475
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76826_1382c005d7a2593da7d01d9abee80e49.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Cariogram and caries risk assessment for athletes
Wajdi
Bardisi
Yasser
El-Bouhi
Wahdan
El-kwatehy
Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were evaluation and comparison of the caries risk factors in athletes and controls and evaluate the usefulness of cariogram for caries risk assessment in athletes.Materials and Methods: The present study contains two groups (athletes and controls). Eight dental caries risk factors required for built up of the cariogram were recorded. Diary questionnaire used for recording diet content and frequency as well as fluoride exposure and frequency of tooth brushing, saliva samples were used for recording saliva flow rate and pH, direct interview with the participants was used for recording general health condition and dental examination was used for recording past dental history and dental plaque. Results: There were significant differences between athletes and controls as regards past dental history, saliva flow rate, pH and frequency of food intake while the differences were not significant between them regarding diet content, tooth brushing, fluoride exposure and dental plaque. Conclusion: The athletes had high risk for development of dental caries. This high risk may be due to decreased saliva flow rate and pH and increased frequency of food intake. The cariogram model is able to identify caries-related factors in athletes and can help sport dentistry for planning specific preventive program for them.
Caries Risk Assessment
Cariogram
dental caries
2018
07
01
2477
2483
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_76827_ad10ae0e5128bfa97fb6abb502274d80.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Effect of abutment connection type on crestal bone resorption around implants
Ahmed
Alam-Eldein
Purpose: To test the hypothesis that the type of implant abutment connection configurations may influence the stresses and strains induced in the peri-implant area and affect crestal bone resorption around implants. Materials and Methods: Sixty implants were inserted in forty two male patients (mean age 44 years old) and randomly divided into two groups according to internal hexagon (Legacy™ 2, Implant Direct, USA) and conical hybrid connection (AnyRidge; MEGAGEN, Seoul, Korea). Abutments were connected and restoration delivered four months after implants placement. Each case was evaluated radiographically and linear measurements of bone resorption were made from the implant’s platform to the first point of bone-to-implant contact at baseline (time of restoration delivery), 6,12, 24 and 36 months later. Data were collected, tabulated and statistically analyzed with repeated measures two way ANOVA test. Results: No statistical significant differences were found between the tested groups (P ≥ 0.05). Peri-implant bone changes demonstrated mean bone loss of (1.17 ± 0.58) for Group (1) and (1.12±0.53) for Group (2) after three years of insertion. Conclusions: Despite the limitations of this controlled clinical trial and although no statistical significant differences were found, conical hybrid implant abutment connection showed less crestal bone resorption around implants than internal hexagon implant in short term evaluation. Keywords: implant abutment, internal connection, conical hybrid, crestal bone resorption.This study was conducted at faculty of dentistry, Tanta University, Egypt after the approval of the Ethics committee of the faculty.
implant abutment
internal connection
conical hybrid
crestal bone resorption
2018
07
01
2485
2490
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77231_3fff36840b8f8ab51c7e309f02392361.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Surface Roughness and Hardness of Dental Resin-Composites Intended for Bulk-fill Placement
Samy
El-safty
Usama
Abdel Karim
Objective: To evaluate the surface roughness and hardness of high and low consistency bulk-fill resin-composites and to compare them with other conventional resin-composites.Materials and Methods: The study was divided into five groups according to type of resin-composite as follows: group I: Low consistency bulk-fill SureFil SDR Flow (SF), group II: Low consistency bulk-fill Venus Bulk Fill (VB), group III: High viscosity bulk-fill Tetric EvoCeram, group IV: Conventional Beautifil Flow Plus F03 (BF) and group V: Conventional GrandioSo (GS). A total of 10 disc-shaped specimens (15 mm diameter × 2 mm thickness) were prepared from each material for both surface roughness and hardness testing. Specimens were stored in distilled water for 24 hours before testing. For the determination of surface roughness values, Surface Profile Gage (Positector, SPG, Deflesko Corporation, New York, USA) was used. Hardness testing was carried out using Digital Microhardness Tester (Zwick/Roell, IDENTEC, ZHVµ-S, West Midlands, England). Data were analyzed using a One-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Considering different filler loading, monomer system and consistency of the material, the hardness values ranged between 49.8 and 97.3 (VHN) and the surface roughness ranged between 5.6 and 17.1 (µm). One way ANOVA revealed a significant differences between the studied materials for surface roughness (P = 0.000) and microhardness (P = 0.000). Bonferroni post-hoc test revealed significant differences between surface roughness results of all studied resin-composites (p < 0.05). There was also significant differences between hardness values of all investigated resin-composites (P = 0.000) except between SF and VB (P = 0.701). Significantly greater hardness and surface roughness were recorded for materials with higher filler loading than those with lower filler loading.Conclusions: Within the range of studied resin-composites, the values of surface roughness and hardness were principally dependent on the extent of filler loading, the type of resin system and the material consistency.
hardness
Surface roughness
Resin-composites
Bulk-filling
Incremental filling
Filler Loading
Consistency
2018
07
01
2491
2499
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77232_8a7295bb1daf45a57e15f489086c6c91.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Effect of Impression Materials and Techniques on Impressions Accuracy for Angulated Implants
Fadel
Abd El-fattah
Ahmed
Alam-Eldein
Enas
Elshenawy
Purpose: Reproducing the intraoral relationship of implants through impression procedures is the first step in achieving an accurate, passively fitting prosthesis. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of three different impression materials, polyether (PE, ImpregumTMSoft ), additional silicone (PVS, Enthus) and vinyl siloxanether (VSXE, EXA’lence), on the accuracy of impressions in nonparallel implants. Material and Methods: An epoxy resin completely edentulous mandibular model with three implants (OsseoLink USA LLC. 4 mm ×9 mm, internal connection type) with different angles (0 and 15 degrees) was used as reference model. Sixty stone casts were made from the reference model using three impression materials; polyether (PE, ImpregumTMSoft) Group 1, additional silicone (PVS, Enthus) Group 2 and vinyl siloxanether (VSXE, EXA’lence) Group 3 with two impression techniques indirect and direct technique. The inter-implant distances were measured for casts using a coordinate measuring machine and the deviations compared to the reference models were calculated. Data were collected, tabulated and statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s Post-hoc test to detect significance between groups (P=0.05). Results: Tukey’s Post-hoc test in the indirect technique showed non-significant differences (p>0.05) between VSXE and PVS for ∆ r1 and ∆ r2 while showed significant differences (p> 0.05) between VSXE and PE also between PVS and PE for ∆ r1 and ∆ r2, while Tukey’s Post-hoc test in the direct technique showed significant differences (p<0.05) between VSXE and PVS, between VSXE and PE and between PVS and PE groups for ∆ r1 and ∆ r2.Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, for nonparallel implant conditions, the distortion values of casts produced by VSXE was significantly lower than casts produced by PVS, which was significantly lower than casts produced by PE in direct impression technique, while VSXE and PVS produced casts with more accuracy compared to casts produced by PE group in the indirect impression technique.
dental implant
Impression material
Impression technique. This study was conducted at faculty of dentistry
Tanta University
Egypt after the approval of the Ethics committee of the faculty
2018
07
01
2501
2511
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77233_c92be600c3a3ddb74b198df48406f85f.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Marginal Fit of Monolithic Zircon Crowns Fabricated by Different Digital Impression Techniques
Amany
Korsel
Mohamed
Alkholy
Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the precision fit of different techniques of digital impression for the prepared abutment, its conventional impression, and the stone die by evaluating marginal fit of monolithic zirconium crowns .Materials and Methods. A standardized Computer Numerical Control machine (CNC) will be used to reduce a standred stainless steel master die with nearly similar dimensions, an occluso-gingival height of 6 mm, a taper of 6° and 1 mm shoulder circumferentially. The overall diameter of the specimen at the base is 8-8.5 mm. Poly vinylesiloxan impression was taken and poured with type IV stone to obtain the stone die .The master die (prepared abutment), the impression and the stone die were digitally scanned for fabrication of monolithic zircon crowns. Three groups of zirconium crowns 10 crowns per each as follow: First group (Gp1) :standard stainless steel master die. Second group (Gp2): Poly vinylesiloxan impression of the master die ;Third group (Gp3): Stone die .The master dies and the impressions were sprayed before scanning while the stone dies were not.The three groups were scanned , the zircon crowns were designed with:Prettau® Zirkonzahn®,sotware and milled from Zirconium block . All the milled crowns seated on the master die . A specially designed device was machined in order to aid in specimen holding during gap evaluation. A digital image analysis system was used to measure and qualitatively evaluate the gap width. Inside the Image J programming, all points of confinement, sizes, outlines and estimated parameters are communicated in pixels. At that point morphometric estimations were improved the situation each shot 4 equidistant milestones along the minimal perimeter for each surface of the example (Mesial, buccal, distal, and lingual). At that point the information acquired were gathered, arranged and afterward subjected to measurable examination. Results: One way ANOVA test was utilized to look at between the minorgap of the three gatherings. Where P value equal 0.09 , it was viewed as that there is no-huge difference between them. While there is no significance, still the higher negligible gap was recognized in the crown manufactured from traditional impression (Gp II) and the lower gap in the crown created from the stone die on examining (Gp III). Conclusion: Based on the aftereffects of the present research, it was inferred that advanced checking for monolithic zircon crowns acquired utilizing distinctive digitalscanning strategies gave a lower minimal gap or most extreme fit an incentive for three estimations in stone die
2018
07
01
2513
2521
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77234_1700552cd417d69474892f204e153d20.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
COMPARISON BETWEEN CHAIR-SIDE AND LABORATORY AIR PARTICLE ABRASION ON SHEAR BOND STRENGTH OF 3 DIFFERENT TYPES OF ZIRCONIA TO COMPOSITE RESIN
Dana
Ballouli
Essam
Osman
Mohammad
Rayyan
Mohammed
Shrebaty
Sahar
Mokhtar
Purpose: To compare between the effect of chair-side and laboratory air particle abrasion (APA) on shear bond strength of different types of zirconia to composite resin.Materials and Methods: Study was divided into 2 groups (n=36): laboratory (L) and chair- side (C) according to APA application methods. Each group was further divided into 3 subgroups according to type of zirconia used (High-Translucency (HT), Super-Translucency (ST), and Top- Translucency (TT)). Using CADCAM 8x8x3 zirconia cuboids were constructed, cleaned and sintered. Composite cuboids having dimensions of 6x6x3 were also constructed using custom made plexi-plates. Composite cuboids were cemented centrally to the zirconia cuboids with light cure under 5kg for 6 mins. After thermocycling for 1000 cycles, all specimens were dried and collected for testing. The shear bond strength of the specimens was measured utilizing universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Failure load was recorded in Newton and SBS was calculated as follows: SBS (MPa) = load (N)/area(mm2).Results: CHT scored the highest mean SBS (12.69±5.59) followed by CST (11.38 ±3.42) and then CTT (8.13±3.4). All chair-side mean SBS values were more than lab SBS values. LHT (7.87±5.17), LTT (7.4±5.75) and the least was LST (6.00±2.48). T-student test revealed significant difference between tested groups (P=0.001).Conclusions: Chair- side APA showed higher mean values of SBS and may present a logical and practical alternative to lab APA in treating zirconia surfaces before cementation.
super-translucency zirconia
top-translucency zirconia
high-translucency zirconia
translucency
chair-side APA
laboratory APA
2018
07
01
2523
2530
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77235_0a523661679c320839bc4d820136a036.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Evaluation Of Marginal Gap Of CAD/CAM Crowns Milled From Two Ceramic Materials
Ahmad
Abo El Fadl
Maged
Zohdy
Mohammed
Anwar
Aim: The purpose of this invitro study was to evaluate and compare the marginal gap of CAD CAM crowns milled from two ceramic materials. Materials and methods: Sixteen natural sound upper first molars were prepared for full coverage crowns using computer numerical control (CNC) .CAD CAM all ceramic crowns were fabricated and seated to the corresponding molars. Samples were divided into two groups according to the ceramic material ; group (E): Emax CAD ( Lithium disilicate glass ceramics ) (n=8), group (V): Vita suprinity( Zirconia reinforced lithium silicate ceramic ) (n=8). Vertical marginal gap of all samples was measured by digital microscope.Results: Emax CAD group ( Lithium disilicate glass ceramics )showed significantly higher marginal gap values (M=95.4, SD=8.27) in comparison with Vita suprinity group ( Zirconia reinforced lithium silicate ceramic ) (M=75.47, SD=8.9).Conclusions: Marginal gap values were within the clinically acceptable range where full coverage Emax CAD crowns revealed higher gap values than Vita suprinity crowns.
Marginal gap
CAD CAM
Glass ceramics
2018
07
01
2531
2536
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77236_dbe72d36f088283b459dd48a93830f80.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
A Comparative Gap Analysis Study using Stereomicroscopy between Screw Retained Zirconia Frameworks, TILOP Selective Laser Sintering Frameworks and Conventional Cast Metal Frameworks
Heba
Khorshid
Background: The target of this in vitro study was to compare and analyze the gap between abutment finish lines and implant analogues using stereomicroscope between three different screw retained frameworks; Zirconia Frameworks, TILOP45 Selective Laser Sintering Frameworks and Conventional Cast Metal Frameworks Materials and Methods: This In-vitro study involved the construction of a total of eight models. Three screw-retained frameworks were constructed on each model hence creating three groups; Group A, B and C. For Group A: Screw-retained frameworks were constructed using the conventional cast metal technology as For Group B: Screw-retained zirconium frameworks were constructed using the CAD/CAM technology and finally For Group C: Screw-retained frameworks were constructed using the Selective Laser sintering SLS technology TILOP 45 (TILOP = Titanium Low Oxygen Powder). Final frameworks of each group were screwed over each model and then using stereomicroscope, a gap analysis was performed.Results: When comparing the mean gap values of the three groups, the study has shown that there was a statistically significant difference in the mean gap values between both the Zirconia and TILOP45 frameworks and the conventional cast frameworks (p<0.001). The highest mean gap Value was found in conventional cast frameworks while the least mean gap value was found in the Zirconia frameworks. Results also revealed that there was no statistically significant difference in the mean gap values between the Zirconia Frameworks and the TILOP45 Selective Laser Sintering Frameworks.Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that selective laser sintering technology as well as the CAD/CAM Zirconia technology renders more passive frameworks than the conventional cast method. There seems to be a very close similarity between the accuracy of frameworks constructed with the selective laser sintering technology and the CAD/CAM Zirconia technology.
2018
07
01
2537
2544
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77237_11898f401db8a6b6c28c2ec84de2dee4.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
ADAPTATION OF RESIN COMPOSITE TO ENAMEL SURFACE PREPARED BY DIFFERENT CUTTING TOOLS - SEM STUDY ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
Majed
Ashi
Yasser
El-Bouhi
Aim: To investigate the effect of four different cutting tools on the adaptation of resin composite to enamel.
Materials and methods: Twenty extracted sound human premolar teeth were used. Occlusal surfaces were ground flat and four random groups were formed according to the received surface treatment as follow, 600-grit silicon-carbide paper (control), carbide-bur, diamond-stone and air abrasion. Two successive layers of self-etch bonding agent were applied followed by composite build-up. Teeth were sectioned longitudinally, the interface between composite and enamel was examined by SEM and micrographs were obtained.
Results: the best adaptation and least surface roughness were seen in the control group while the roughest surface was observed in the air abrasion group with presence of scanty microgaps.
adaptation
Composite
cutting tools
enamel
2018
07
01
2545
2550
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78468_47530e6744bde6618bf8bb7d48f99c20.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Effect of collagen cross-linkers on micro tensile bond strength of total-etch adhesive to dentin
Dalia
AbuElmagd
Ahmed
ElHoshy
Eman
Abouauf
Purpose: To evaluate the efficiency of collagen cross-linkers on micro-tensile bond strength of total-etch adhesive with and without thermal cycling. Materials and methods: The occlusal surfaces of twenty-four caries-free permanent human molars were ground flat to obtain a uniform surface free of enamel exposing the mid thickness of dentine. The prepared speciemens were randomly divided into four equal test groups according to the type of dentin pretreatment (n=6). Group I; control group: the exposed dentin did not receive additional treatment after acid etching. Group II; the etched dentin was treated with Gluma Desensitizer(GA). Group III; the specimens surface was painted with 5% glutaraldhyde solution (GD). Group IV; the specimen surface was painted with 15% proanthocyanidin (PA). Single Bond Universal adhesive was applied to the dentin surface of all the test groups and the dentin specimens were restored with resin composite. The specimens were sectioned to obtain beams of 0.9±0.1 mm in thickness and 5.5±1 mm in length and half of the resultant beams of each group were subjected to thermo cycling. Tensile load was applied until bonding failure of the specimen occurred and micro tensile bond strength was calculated in Mega Pascal. Comparison between all test groups was done using One Way ANOVA followed with Tukey’s post hoc test when the ANOVA test was significant. p value was ≤0.5. Comparison between the thermocycled and none thermocycled groups was done using unpaired student t test. Results: The highest statistically significant microtensile bond strength values were found in the Gluma and GD surface pretreated groups, with no statistical significant difference between them. The lower micro tensile bond strength values were found in the control and PA groups with no significant difference between them, while thermocycling did not decrease the microtensile strength values of the PA group.Conclusions:1-Gluma and glutaraldehyde used as cross-linkers increased the microtensile bond strength of dental adhesive to dentin and maintain collagen stability with thermocycling. 2-The PA cross-linkers did not improve microtensile bond strength but maintain bond stability with thermocycling increasing the longevity of the adhesive bond.
2018
07
01
2551
2558
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77239_7f2259d5670d74009afe23ddbe6b7854.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Evaluation of The Role of Different Adhesive Systems in Durability of Endodontically Treated Teeth After Thermocycling
Heba
Abdel- Mohsen
Bassem
Eid
Background: The main reason suggested for the failure of endodontically treated teeth after a long period of time of intraoral performance is the lack of perfect coronal seal together with the presence of nanoleakage. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate to what extent the difference between adhesive systems may affect the seal achieved between pulp chamber dentin and the overlying coronal restoration together with nanoleakage evaluation. Materials and methods: Two groups of root canal treated teeth were bonded with two types of adhesive systems (Total-etch and Self-Etch) and restored with nano-hybrid resin composite. All teeth were thermocycled (2,500 cycles, 5°C to 55°C, 20 seconds dwell time, and 5 seconds resting time). After thermocycling, teeth were sectioned into sticks of 1 mm2 (15 sticks obtained from each group) for microtensile bond strength testing (mTBS). From each group, a slab of 1 mm2 was obtained for micromorphological analysis to observe the quality of the resin-dentin interface by scanning electron microscope and to evaluate nanoleakage pattern through silver tracing as well. The collected data were expressed in MPa and analyzed by independent sample t-test.Results: Regarding bond strength testing, highly significant difference was recorded between both adhesive systems (p<0.05). Total etch adhesive group showed higher results compared to the Self Etch one. Besides, SEM observations showed that all specimens showed different patterns of nanoleakage regardless of the type of adhesive system used.Conclusions: Total etch adhesive system showed better results than self-etch adhesive one in achieving good seal to pulp chamber dentin in endodontically treated teeth after thermocycling.
microtensile bond strength
Self-etch Adhesive System
Total-etch Adhesive System
Nanoleakage
thermocycling
2018
07
01
2559
2567
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77243_7b5d72b3eb9c14d366ddf437970469fe.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Influence of additional polishing on the surface texture of esthetic restorative materials in different mouth rinses: An in vitro study
Iman
ElSayad
Asmaa
Harhash
Purpose: This study evaluated the influence of additional polishing procedures on micro-hybrid and nano-hybrid resin composites immersed in two different mouth rinses. Materials and methods: Ninety specimens from each restorative material (Esthet.X HD, Dentsply, Filtek LS, 3M-ESPE, Beautifil II, SHOFU and Tertic N-Ceram Ivoclar Vivadent) were prepared and immersed in distilled water for 24 h. Baseline surface roughness was recorded using a Digital Microscope. Specimens from each material were divided into Group 1 (control) celluloid matrix; Group 2 polished by Kerr disks, and Group 3 polished by Kerr disks followed by silicon carbide brushes. Each group was subdivided into 3 subgroups (n=10) immersed in either artificial saliva, Listerine or Antiseptol and incubated for 24 h at 37°C. The post immersion surface roughness values were recorded for statistical analysis. Results: Control groups recorded significantly lower roughness (p < 0.05), while both polishing techniques gave similar roughness values. No significant difference was found between immersion media or between resin composites. However, nano-hybrid composites showed statistically higher roughness after polishing compared to control group. Conclusions: The surface texture of tested composites is neither influenced by polishing techniques nor rinses.
Polishing- Mouth rinse- Surface texture- Micro-hybrid composite- Nano- composite
2018
07
01
2569
2577
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77244_bab234399a39b8b57b4a31c8c09e8777.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Teeth Restored with Different Fiber Post Lengths
Badr
Al-Laham
Esam
Osman
Mohammad
Rayyan
Ehab
Farghaly
Sahar
Mokhtar
Purpose to compare fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with different lengths of fiber posts.Materials and methods: Thirty- two freshly extracted sound mandibular premolars of approximate sizes, were mounted centrally and vertically in 12 x 12 x 20 mm acrylic block. Then, decoronated 2 mm above the cemento-enamel junction and were endodontically treated.Teeth were randomly divided between 4 main groups (n= 8). For all groups, post holes were prepared (group A; post hole less than the crown length (3 mm), group B; post hole equal to the crown length (5 mm), group C; post hole half of the root length (7 mm), group D; post hole 2/3 of the root length (9 mm). Posts were cemented using self-adhesive resin cement. Using core former and light-cured core composite, cores for all specimens were built. A 0.5 mm finish line was prepared with 2 mm ferrule, to receive metal coping. Using universal testing machine, axial loadwas applied at crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min, parallel to long axis of the tooth until failure.Results: Group D scored the highest mean fracture resistance values (2670 ± 597.37 N) followed by Group A (2668 ±316.67 N) and Group B (2609 ±523.15 N). Group C scored the lowest fracture resistance values (2517 ±464.35 N). One-way ANOVA revealed no significant difference between groups (P=0.9). Chi-squre test also revealed no significant difference in restorability between the studied groups. (P=0.2).Conclusions: The tested post lengths had no significant effect on fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth. Posts having radicular lengths equal to half of the root, showed the most non-restorable fracture pattern among all tested groups.
Fiber post
length
Fracture resistance
2018
07
01
2579
2584
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77245_f2796c1262865549e799c54e072893dc.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Effect of two complete denture occlusal schemes on occlusion and disocclusion times
Marwa
Kothayer
Haitham
Elsisi
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of two different complete denture occlusal schemes on the occlusion and disocclusion times. Material and methods: Eight completely edentulous male patients were selected, for each patient, two conventional complete dentures were constructed, one of them following the lingualized concept of occlusion and the other following monoplane concept of occlusion using the conventional technique of denture construction. Computerized occlusal analysis was conducted using the T-Scan system. Occlusal parameters (OT and DT) were recorded for both dentures for each patient. Results: The results showed that occlusion time, right and left disocclusion time are higher in monoplane occlusal scheme dentures than lingualized occlusal scheme dentures and the difference was statistically insignificant. Conclusion: Within the limits of this study no significant difference in occlusion and disocclusion time between lingualized and monoplane occlusal sheme complete dentures were found.
2018
07
01
2585
2591
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77246_ddbfa81549a6750e5bb4f8e1d4f58ccd.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Comparing Masticatory Efficiency of Mandibular Bar-Supported Overdentures with Different Loading Protocols
Ahmed
Khalifa
Elsayed
Abdel-Khalek
Nesreen
El Mekawy
Purpose: The study aimed to compare progression of masticatory efficiency associated with mandibular bar-supported overdentures either retained by immediately or delayed loaded two implants.Material and Methods: A total 12 completely edentulous patients with persistent complaints from their complete mandibular dentures were chosen. Each participant received two dental implants of (3.8 mm x 12 mm) bilaterally using computer-guided flapless surgery. The participants were grouped according to the bar attachment design into two equal groups. Group SB: six participants received mandibular overdenture supported by immediately loaded two implants connected with prefabricated SFI-Bar system. Group CB: six participants received mandibular overdentures supported by delayed loaded two implants splinted with conventional cast Co-Cr bar attachment. Glucose extraction method was performed to objectively measure the masticatory efficiency for each patient at different time points including; including; one week after implant-bar connections connections (T0), six months after implant-bar connections (T6), and 12 months after implant-bar connections (T12). Results: There were statistically significant difference of masticatory efficiency between the (SB) and, (CB) (P=.004 and P=.001 respectively). Starting from T0, the findings showed highly statistical significance (P=0.000) in improving the masticatory efficiency at (T6) and (T12) respectively. Conclusion Regardless the limitations of this clinical study, it can be conclude that restoring edentulous patient with mandibular overdenture assisted with bar improves the masticatory efficiency with a noticeable statistical improvement of masticatory efficiency for immediate versus delayed loading protocol.
masticatory efficiency
immediately loaded implants
bar-supported overdentures
2018
07
01
2593
2601
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77247_4969c52a9ee3e71439d68eac12770118.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
THE EFFECT OF THERMOCYCLING AND MECHANICAL LOADING ON THE FRACTURE RESISTANCE OF ALL-CERAMIC AND HIGH PERFORMANCE POLYMERS FIXED PARTIAL DENTURES
Mohamed
Mohamed
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fracture resistance of the heat pressed ceramic (IPS e-max press) and the high performance polymers BioHPP anterior FPDs.Materials and Methods A total number of 96 sound freshly extracted maxillary central incisors and canines were used in this study. The teeth were used to prepare a total of 48 three units FPD tested specimens. Specimens were used to test the fracture resistance of the materials under investigation without and after thermocycling and mechanical loading.Results : The fracture load values of the IPS e-max specimens without TCML were ranged from 271.7 N to 206.01 N. While, after TCML the values were ranged from 171.6 N to 191.2 N. The fracture load values of the BioHPP specimens without TCML were ranged from 789.7 N to 665.1 N. While, after TCML the values were between 789.7 N and 615.4 N.Conclusion: IPS e-max press FPDs had a lower fracture resistance than the BioHPP FPDs before and after TCML. The TCML decreased the resistance to fracture of both materials.
IPS e-max
high performance polymers
Fracture resistance
2018
07
01
2603
2613
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77248_ff27c5045e9f96bb35dbc423a79ec7ed.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Effect of soft laser on osseointegrated dental implants supported maxillary overdenture
Enas
Darwish
Background/ Aim: Many difficulties are encountered in providing a successful single complete denture treatment. Among these problems are the ways to provide comfort, function, proper esthetics and retention for the maxillary complete dentures in patients with opposing natural dentition. The aim of this study deals with successful rehabilitation of edentulous maxillary ridge (split-mouth technique) opposing a natural teeth prosthetically, retained with dental implants in the canine and posterior regions, using a flapless surgical technique, with an exposure of Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) after implant installment in order to evaluate its influence on the osseionegration, implant stability was evaluated using periotest at time of loading, 4 months and 6 months later to show the early success of dental implants placed into low- density bone. Also bone changes was evaluated by using digital periapical radiography with paralleling technique.Materials and methods: Following the split-mouth design, dental implants were inserted in the maxilla of 6 patients, the right side dental implants received LLLT ( laser side) with an output power of 0.5 UT and continuous mode was used to receive a total dose of 30 J per implant over 60 seconds, while the other side was the control side. The soft laser treatment was performed immediately after the surgery, 3 days and a week after surgery, then evaluated for stability during the follow-up period (at time of loading, 4 months and 6 months later) using periotest ,and further bone height changes using digital radiograph.Results: irradiated implants achieved a higher stability compared with control group during the entire follow-up period. At base line and after 4 months; there was no statistically significant difference between implant stability quotient (ISQ) values in the two sides. After 6 months; laser side showed statistically significantly higher mean ISQ values than control side.Conclusion: the present investigation demonstrated that 6 months after soft laser application significantly positively influenced implant stability and bone height around dental implants.
Soft laser in dentistry
Dental implants
Maxillary overdenture
2018
07
01
2615
2624
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77249_43ba13f8a255d02a20b51213dfb9b85d.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
In vitro efficacy of CCP-ACP, Nano- hydroxyapatite, and Phosphorylated chitosan-ACP as anti-erosive agents on enamel
Iman
ElSayad
Huda
Elgendi
Purpose: This study assessed the anti-erosive effect of Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP), nano-hydroxyapatite (nano-HAP) and phosphorylated chitosan Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (Pchi-ACP) on enamel. Materials and methods: A total of twenty five human incisors were ground and divided into five groups (n=5). Group1: intact enamel (negative control group) - Group 2: enamel + soft drink (positive control group). - Group3: enamel + soft drink+ CPP-ACP. Group4: enamel + soft drink+ 10% nano-HAP. Group5: enamel + soft drink+ Pchi-ACP. Four consecutive intervals of the immersion procedure were performed at 0, 8, 24 and 32 h for a total of 8 min. After each of the demineralizing immersion interval, the anti-erosive agent for groups 3, 4 & 5 was applied for 3 min. The total time for remineralization was 12 min. The root mean-square roughness (Rrms) was obtained from Atomic force Microscope images and the differences in the averaged values among the groups were analyzed by ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: Rrms of different groups at baseline was not statistically significant. However, after erosive demineralization, Rrms of group 2 increased and was significantly higher than all other groups. Rrms also significantly increased in group 3 subjected to CPP-ACP treatment after erosive demineralization. On the other hand, groups 4 and 5 did not show any significant change in Rrms. Conclusions: This study had revealed that nano-HAP and Pchi-ACP are promising remineralizing nano-biomaterials
Enamel erosion
phosphorylated chitosan ACP
nano-hydroxyapatite
CCP-ACP
2018
07
01
2625
2633
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77255_d73058117a3bbe14a6de6f5ee793aad6.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
EFFECT OF VARIOUS BLEACHING METHODS ON COLOR CHANGE AND SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF HUMAN ENAMEL
Hassan
El-Shamy
Sumayah
Alyousif
Maram
Al-Harbi
Purpose: This study investigated the effect of different bleaching methods on color change and surface roughness of human enamel. Materials &Methods: Fifty recently extracted caries free human upper anterior (central) teeth were collected, prepared and stained in a staining solution. Samples were divided randomly into 5 groups GP (n=10) according to bleaching methods; GP1: 3D Crest White Strips, GP2: Phillips Zoom Whitening Pen, GP3: Rembrandt Deeply White + Peroxide Mouthwash, GP4: Opalescence PF 15% CP, GP5: Opalescence Boost 40% HP (as control group). Bleaching was performed according to manufacturers’ instructions. Color change and enamel surface roughness measurements were performed by spectrophotometer and Atomic Force Microscope respectively at pre and post-bleaching intervals. Data were collected and statistically analyzed using ANOVA followed by Tukey’s HSD Post Hoc test (p≤0.05). Results: For color changes; mean ΔL* values were: 3.92(0.23), 2.44(0.15), 2.5(0.2), 2.6(0.17) and 4.1(0.25) for GP1, GP2, GP3, GP4, and GP5 respectively, Δa* means were: 0.6(0.04), 0.1(0.01), 0.15(0.01), 0.2(0.03) and 0.79(0.05) for GP1, GP2, GP3, GP4, and GP5 respectively, while means for Δb* were: 1.18(0.03), 0.33(0.01), 0.52(0.02), 0.54(0.01) and 1.27(0.07) for GP1, GP2, GP3, GP4, and GP5 respectively. The color change values (ΔE) were: 4.13, 2.46, 2.55, 2.66 and 4.36 for GP1, GP2, GP3, GP4, and GP5 respectively. A statistical significant difference (p≤0.05) is present between Gp1 versus Gp2, Gp3 and Gp4, also between Gp5 versus Gp2, Gp3 and Gp4. No statistical significant difference (p≤0.05) between Gp1 & Gp5 and also between Gp2, Gp3 and Gp4. For surface roughness; mean (Ra) values for pre-bleaching tested groups were: 106.3(8.5), 109.1(10.2), 108(12.2), 110(11.9) and 107(9.7) for GP1, GP2, GP3, GP4, and GP5 respectively. While, post-bleaching values were: 90.3(6.3), 92.3(5.6), 93.6(5.4), 94.7(6.1) and 93.1(3.6) for GP1, GP2, GP3, GP4, and GP5 respectively. However, none of the tested methods showed statistically significant changes in surface roughness (p≤0.05). Conclusions: In-office bleaching may still achieve best whitening effect compared to whitening pen, whitening mouthwash, and home bleaching, while Whitestrips could have a comparable effect. All tested bleaching methods had no effect on enamel surface roughness
Bleaching methods
Color change
Surface roughness
Teeth whitening
2018
07
01
2635
2644
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78469_952b7dac3b06dfe873e6845702f600db.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Addition of bioactive glass to endodontic epoxy resin sealer: Effect on bioactivity, flow and push-out bond strength
Gihan
Waly
Rania
Salama
Objectives: The present study aimed to impart bioactivity to an endodontic epoxy resin sealer by incorporating bioactive glass nanoparticles (nBG) at two different concentrations and to study the effect of such modification on the sealer’s flow and push-out bond strength with radicular dentin. Materials and Methods: One type of endodontic epoxy resin sealer, AH 26, Dentsply, and 45S5 bioactive glass nanoparticles (nBG), purchased from NanoTech, Egypt, were used. Three sealer groups were investigated: a control group representing the AH 26 sealer without modification; groups (10%nBG) and (20%nBG) in which 10wt% and 20wt% nano bioactive glass was added to the sealer powder respectively. The bioactivity of the three sealer groups was assessed by immersing sealer discs into simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37 oC for two and four weeks (n=8). After each time point, the discs were retrieved from the immersion medium, dried and examined for the formation of calcified deposits using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Whenever surface precipitates were found, elemental surface analysis of the deposits was performed using Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). For each group, SEM examination was also performed on representative sealer discs without immersion into the SBF to be used as a reference. To measure the flow, a specified volume of the freshly mixed sealer was squeezed between two glass slabs under specified weight and the diameter of the formed sealer disc was measured as an indicator of the sealer’s flow as recommended by ISO (n=5). For measuring the push-out bond strength, nine extracted sound human upper central incisors were used. The teeth were endodontically treated and obturated by gutta percha in combination with one of the three investigated sealer compositions. After incubation in SBF for two weeks, the roots were horizontally sectioned into 2-mm-thick slices. The push-out bond strength was then measured using a universal testing machine (n=9). Results: After four weeks, the 10%nBG group showed in vitro bioactivity and formed calcified Ca-P rich deposits that had Ca/P ratio in the range of that of biological hydroxyapatite. On the other hand, the 20%nBG groups formed calcium phosphate deposits whose Ca/P ratio did not lie within the hydroxyapatite range. The 20%nBG group exhibited lower flow than the 10%nBG group and the control but remained acceptable according to the ISO standards. The push-out bond strength did not differ significantly among the three groups. Conclusions: The incorporation of 10wt% nano bioactive glass imparts bioactivity to the resin sealer without adversely affecting the sealer’s flow or push-out bond strength.
epoxy resin sealer
Bioactive glass nanoparticles
Bioactivity
Flow
Push-out bond strength
2018
07
01
2645
2655
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77258_29c410461a9a560b0ee7ec8586f5a84e.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Physical properties of different Pulp Capping Materials and Histological Analysis of their effect on Dogs’Dental Pulp Tissue Healing
Mai
Hamdy
Dalia
Fayyad
Mohamed
Eldaharawy
Enas
Hegazy
Aim : This study aim to evaluate the physicochemical properties (pH, calcium ion release, solubility and setting time) of different pulp capping materials [Bioaggregate (BA), Nano Bioactive glass (NBAG), Nano MTA& MTA] in vitro, and to observe the histopathological pulp response following direct pulp capping of dog’s teeth. Material &Methods : for the weight loss, pH changes and calcium ions release, the tested specimens were immersed in distilled water. The solubility tests recorded weight loss of the test materials after immersion in distilled water. The evaluations were performed at 1h, 24h and 7 days. For the histological evaluation twenty adult dogs were used in this study, (8 teeth for each dog), classified into 4 experimental groups as follows :Group 1: BA. Group 2: NBAG. Group 3: MTA. Group 4: NMTA, the pulpal tissue response was assessed at 1 month and 3 months time intervals. Results: Bioaggregate showed the highest mean values for ph, ca ions release and solubility tests, while MTA showed the highest setting time mean value. On the other hand, Nanobioactive glass was the only material which recorded negative solubility. Histological results showed that dental pulpal tissues of teeth capped with MTA revealed absence of inflammatoion in addition to tubular pattern dentin bridge formation at site of exposure, BA showed dentin bridge formation and minimal inflammatory reaction, NMTA and NBAG enhanced the dentin bridge thickness, but of inferior quality than MTA and BA. Conclusion: based on histological analysis MTA and Bioaggregate are favorable materials for direct pulp capping, however BA revealed the superior physicochemical properties.
Pulp capping materials – histological evaluation – physical properties – MTA- Nano MTA- Bioaggregate- Bioactiveglass
2018
07
01
2657
2667
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77260_c0ede407367907cac3333b275d125e53.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Does acid-etching jeopardize dentin bonding durability?
Manar
Abu-Nawareg
Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of the etching process on the durability of normal versus sclerotic dentin bonded interfaces.Materials & Methods: Micro-tensile bond strengths and interfacial nanoleakage, within bonded normal or sclerotic dentin interfaces created by Adper Single Bond 2, Optibond XTR, Single Bond Universal, Ketac Molar (glass ionomer) or Photac Fil (resin-modified glass ionomer), were evaluated after 24 h, 6 m and 12 m of water storage. Results: Adper Single Bond 2, Optibond XTR and Single Bond Universal exhibited higher immediate bond strengths and nanoleakage than did Ketac Molar or Photac fil. Normal dentin exhibited higher immediate bond strength and lower immediate nanoleakage when compared to sclerotic dentin, using Adper Single Bond 2, Optibond XTR and Single Bond Universal. Twelve months of water storage resulted in a significant decrease in micro-tensile bond strength in both normal and sclerotic dentin bonded by these three adhesives. However, there was no significance difference between the bond strengths and nanoleakage created by Ketac Molar and Photac Fil, used with normal or sclerotic dentin at the three storage periods. Conclusion: Compared to resin-based etching restoratives, mineral-based non-etching restoratives (Ketac Molar and Photac Fil) provided much more durable bonds, to both normal and sclerotic dentin, over a period of 12 months. It is obvious that the acid-etching procedure is the main cause of instability of resin-dentin bonded interfaces. Sclerotic dentin did not act as a bonding impediment with mineral-based non-etching restoratives as it did with resin-based etching adhesives. Clinical Significance: Although recently introduced adhesive resins have attempted to improve resin-dentin bond durability, biodegradation of resin-dentin bonds over time continues to jeopardize the durability of resin composite restorations.
Sclerotic dentin
microtensile bond strength
Dental adhesives
Glass ionomers
2018
07
01
2669
2685
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77264_62bdc3d9d0eada5c38f3957e86ee93f0.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Prosthetic management of immediately placed malpositioned single dental implants: a case report
ws
ArRejaie
This case report will try to show some of the difficulties that dentists might face during restoring implant cases, especially in the esthetic zone. It’s a case for an immediately placed dental single implant in the area of maxillary right 1st premolar. The implant was placed in a compromised location with severe angulation. It shows some of the capabilities and limitation of prosthetic solutions in restoring dental implants. 12 years after cementing the implant supported crown, patient stated that the implant still functioning and had no complain.
2018
07
01
2687
2690
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77265_2b771a29a4e15b1f186f5e7b133349d9.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Periotest measurement of tooth- implant retained bi lateral mandibular distal extension removable prosthesis with ERA Attachments
Nancy
El Sherbini
Ahmed
El Sherbini
Neidermeier
W
Aim: The aim of this study was to measure the stability of natural tooth and implant using periotest, in bilateral distal extension base, using ERA-ERA connection on one side and RPI-ERA on the other side.Material and Methods: Ten patients with mandibular bilateral distal extension arches, with second premolar as last standing tooth, were selected for this study. Every patient received one implant placed distally at the region of the second molar bilaterally. The patients received removable prosthesis retained on one side by RPI while the other side received ERA attachment. Both implants were retained to the prosthesis using ERA attachment. Patients were evaluated for tooth and implant stability using Periotest at time of prosthesis insertion, after one month, three months and six months after insertion. The study was a split mouth design.Results: Periotest measurements significantly decreased (increase in stability) with presence of ERA attachments on natural tooth and implants more than when the RPI was used on the natural tooth.Conclusion: It can be concluded that the ERA attachments was more preservative for natural teeth periodontium than RPI clasp retainer. In addition, the stability of implant improved gradually by time.
2018
07
01
2691
2696
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77266_afbea355986d69c1a5e7f5559e8037cc.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
The Effect of two different impression techniques on the passivity of fit of implant supported prosthesis placed in completely edentulous maxillae
Heba
Khorshid
Background: The target of this clinical study was to compare and analyze two different open tray impression techniques on the passivity of fit of implant supported prosthesis placed in completely edentulous maxillaeMaterials and Methods: In this clinical study, patients were divided into two equal groups: Group I, Open tray impression technique was performed where non-splinting of the Temporary titanium abutments was performed while in Group II, Open tray impression technique was performed where splinting of the Temporary titanium abutments with DuraLay acrylic resin was done. The results of this paper involved checking each abutment’s passivity of fit in the framework. The Presence of any lack of Passivity was denoted the number 1 while passively fit abutments were denoted the number 0. Results for both Groups I and II were then tabulated, calculated and statistically analysed.Results: The results of this study revealed that the total number of non-passive abutments for group I were (8) abutments, while for group II only (1) abutment showed lack of passivity. Using Chi square test for detection of significance between both groups regarding passivity count, results revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between both groups (P-value < 0.05) Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that splinting of the transfer abutments with acrylic resin renders a more accurate reproduction of the impression details hence contributing to more passive implant supported superstructure frameworks.
Passive Fit
Passivity
impression techniques
open tray
splinted transfer
2018
07
01
2697
2705
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77267_e56e079a63f4c0fb7be58ec91769fae8.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Effect of polyacrylic acid pretreatment on the microtensile bond strength of self-adhesive resin cement and resin modified glass ionomer cement to dentin
Hadeel
Farouk
Asmaa
Harhash
Aim of the study: to evaluate in vitro the effect of dentin surface pretreatment with polyacrylic acid on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) of self-adhesive resin cements and resin modified glass ionomer luting cements (RMGIC). Materials and Methods: The occlusal enamel of 16 teeth was removed perpendicular to the long axis of teeth to expose flat dentin surface at a standardized depth which is 1mm apical to DEJ. The teeth were randomly divided into 4 groups according to cementation protocol of indirect resin composite blocks namely; RelyX-Unicem with no pretreatment, RelyX-Unicem with polyacrylic acid pretreatment, FujiCEM (RMGIC) with no pretreatment and FujiCEM (RMGIC) with polyacrylic acid pretreatment. The restored teeth were mounted on the cutting machine, sectioned into a series of 1 mm2 thick. The sticks were stressed to failure under tension using Universal Testing Machine to record the microtensile bond strength. The collected data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey’s test.Results: The highest mean value was detected in RelyX-Unicem with no pretreatment, followed by Fujicem with polyacrylic acid pretreatment; whereas the lowest value was recorded in Fujicem with no pretreatment. Using two ways ANOVA revealed that material type had a statistically significant effect (p=0.003), with a higher mean value in RelyX-Unicem. However, pretreatment had a non-significant effect (p=0.510). The interaction of the two variables had a statistically significant effect (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Polyacrylic acid adversely affects the microtensile bond strength of self-adhesive resin cement; however it improves bond strength of RMGIC.
Dentin
microtensile bond strength
self-adhesive resin cements
RMGIC
polyacrylic acid
2018
07
01
2707
2715
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77268_ccaa7e8f807360a297691cbfb4fa8374.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Influence of Pre-curing warming on micro-leakage, micro-hardness and degree of conversion of high viscosity bulk fill composite resins: An in vitro study
Eman
Elbahrawy
Reham
Attia
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the Influence of preheating on micro-leakage, micro-hardness and degree of conversion of high viscosity bulk fill and conventional nanohybrid composite resinsMaterials and methods: For micro-leakage assessment, thirty extracted human molars were used. Sixty class II cavities were prepared in the mesial and distal surfaces of teeth, and were randomly divided into two groups according to type of composite resin Group I : nanohybrid high viscosity bulk fill composite resins (Tetric Evoceram bulk fill, Ivoclar Vivadent), and Group II: conventional nanohybrid composite resins (Tetric Evoceram,Ivoclar Vivadent). Each group was further divided into three subgroups according to the precure temperature of composite (subgroup A: 24 °C (control subgroups), subgroup B: 37°C, and subgroup C: 68°C). where subgroups (IA, IB and IC received high viscosity bulk fill nanohybrid composite resins), and subgroups (IIA, IIB and IIC received conventional nanohybrid composite). Micro-leakage was determined by dye penetration test with scoring criteria from 0-4. Sixty composite discs were used in Vickers micro-hardness test (VHN), and degree of conversion with the same experimental grouping as used in micro-leakage assessment .VHN was determined on top and bottom surfaces of the specimens using Vickers microhardnss indenter and monomer conversion was determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Data were collected, tabulated and statistically analyzed by using ANOVA F-test, Mann-Whitney testand Wilcoxon Signed rank test (p<0.05). Results: Concerning micro-leakage; There was no significant difference between the three subgroups for each type of the tested material. Concerning micro-hardness; results proved a significant difference in the top and bottom VHN among the two groups with the highest mean top and bottom VHN value observed in preheating both types of composite to 68°C and the lowest mean top and bottom VHN value seen in control subgroups (composite resin stored at room temperature). Both composites attained bottom / top % ranges between 80-90 %. The degree of conversion of Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill was significantly increased (p = 0.006)with composite pre-heating, but no effect on monomer conversion of the other investigated material was observed. Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill achieved the significantly highest Vickers micro-hardness and monomer conversion, irrespective of the precuring temperature.. Conclusions: Both the composite material and the pre-cure temperature affect Vickers micro-hardness and degree of conversion. Pre-heating of composites prior to photo activation significantly increased the Vickers micro-hardness and degree of conversion but have no effect on micro-leakage.
preheating
Calset
bulk fill composite resins
micro-leakage
Vickers micro-hardness
monomer conversion
2018
07
01
2717
2735
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77269_bbfb15969916d12864f32a2cf5cc25cb.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Influence of Titanium Dioxide Incorporation on the Compressive Strength of Modified Calcium Silicate-Based Cement
Suzan
Amin
Aim: The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of incorporating titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles on the compressive strength of modified calcium silicate-based cement (CSC). Methods: The modified calcium silicate-based cement (CSC) used comprised 80 wt% white Portland-limestone cement and 20 wt% bisthmus oxide, as a radioopacifier. Incorporation of the 300-nm TiO2 particles was done in the following concentrations: 0% (CSC group), 1% (CSC + 1%TiO2 group), 3% (CSC + 3%TiO2 group) and 5% (CSC + 5%TiO2 group). Cylindrical specimens, 4 mm in diameter and 6mm in height, were prepared in split, teflon moulds; ten specimens were done for each group (n=10). Specimens were left to set for 7 days under wet conditions. Compressive strength testing was, then, done using an Instron testing machine. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey post hoc test for pair-wise comparison. Statistical significance (α) was set at 0.05. Results: There was no statistically significant difference among the four groups regarding compressive strength (p=0.162). Conclusion: Within the conditions of this investigation, the incorporation of nano-scale TiO2 particles within a concentration range of 1 to 5 % does not seem to affect the compressive strength of the modified calcium silicate-based cement having white Portland- limestone cement as the main cementitious component.
Calcium silicate-based cement
Titanium dioxide
Nanoparticles
limestone
Compressive strength
2018
07
01
2737
2745
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77271_70679dbb0c43a6da1e3b3bf5485e0b19.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Assessment of the Effect of Complete Denture Adhesives on Oral Epithelial Cells’ DNA in Elderly Patients with Controlled Diabetes
Noha
El-Shaheed
Amira
Gomaa
Ashraf
Zakaria
Aim of the study: Denture adhesives have long been recognized by denture wearers as a valuable assistant to denture retention and stability especially for patients reporting dissatisfaction with conventional dentures as diabetic patients. There is no available guide to select the proper adhesive form with least effect on oral mucosa. This clinical study assessed the impact of different complete denture adhesive forms on oral epithelial cells’ DNA in elderly patient with controlled diabetes.Materials and Methods: Fifteen completely edentulous controlled diabetic patients were selected and complete dentures were constructed. After two weeks of complete denture insertion, patients were prescribed with denture adhesives for another two weeks. According to the used adhesive form, patients were divided into three equal groups; group (I) used denture adhesive paste, group (II) used denture adhesive powder, where group (III) used denture adhesive cushion. The maxillary alveolar mucosae of all patients were swabbed to collect epithelial cells before denture insertion, two weeks after wearing the denture and two weeks after adhesive application. DNA analysis was carried out for the swabbed epithelial cells. The percentage of Genomic Template Stability (GTS %) was assessed and compared for all patients at various time intervals. Results: Genomic Template Stability decreased significantly in all patients two weeks after denture insertion while, significant increase in GTS% was observed two weeks after denture adhesives application. Cushion adhesive showed a significant increase in GTS% compared to paste and powder adhesives. Conclusion: Genomic Template Stability of controlled diabetic denture wearers improved when paste, powder or cushion adhesives were used. Cushion adhesive had a better effect on GTS% compared to paste or powder adhesives.
Complete dentures
denture adhesives
Diabetes mellitus
biocompatibility
epithelial cell s’DNA
2018
07
01
2747
2756
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77272_d1ddc115a3450d01af575172b0e6be3b.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
The Effectiveness of a Nano-Hydroxyapatite Paste and a Tri-Calcium Phosphate Fluoride Varnish in White Spot Lesions Remineralization (Randomized Clinical Trial)
Sherine
Badr
Hala
Ragab
Objective: To evaluate and compare clinically the effectiveness of a nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HAP) paste (Sesensibilize™ Nano-P, FGM) and a tri-calcium phosphate fluoride (TCP-F) varnish (Clinpro™ White Varnish, 3M ESPE) in remineralization of white spot lesions (WSLs) on young permanent teeth. Methods: 20 patients having at least one pair of teeth with WSL were randomly selected to this study according to specific criteria. Each patient received two treatments of WSL; one treatment using n-HAP paste on one side of the arch (n-HAP group) and a second one using TCP-F varnish on the contralateral or opposing side of the arch (TCP-F group). A total of 80-teeth with WSLs were included in this randomized clinical trial. The reminaralizing agents were applied over the tooth surface with a WSL as per manufacturer recommendations. Four application sessions were completed during the first month on a weekly basis. DIAGNODENT PEN (DD) (Kavo Dental –Germany) was used to assess the degree of remineralization. DD readings were recorded at baseline, after one, three and six-months of the reminaralizing agents’ application. All patients attended the treatment sessions and remained throughout the follow-up periods. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the WSLs mean DD readings over time for both groups (Friedman, P<0.001). The mean DD reading was 22.05 (±3.250) in n-HAP group and 21.33 (±3.467) in TCP-F group at the baseline, decreased to 10.80 (±1.7423) and 9.675 (±2.693) at one-month, 8.30 (±1.880) and 10.95(±2.726) at the 3-month, 7.875 (± 1.555) and 13.725 (±2.745) at the 6-month follow-up in n-HAP group and TCP-F group respectively. Upon comparing the groups, the WSLs had a similar mean DD reading at baseline (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the mean DD reading at one-month between the two groups (P=0.032). However, the mean DD readings were significantly lower in the n-HAP group at 3- and 6-months with high statistical significant level (P <0.001). Conclusion: The nano-hydroxyapatite paste (nano-P) and the tri-calcium phosphate varnish (clinpro) were effective in WSLs’ remineralization. Both treatment protocols could be advocated to promote remineralization of WSLs after orthodontic treatment. The nano-hydroxyapatite paste appears to demonstrate better stability than the tri-calcium phosphate varnish in its remineralization effect over the 6-month follow-up.
2018
07
01
2757
2765
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77273_06947f7961f258fca7f64317cdb3ccd5.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
In Vitro Comparative Study Of The Amount Of Apically Extruded Debris During Root Canal Preparation Using One Shape, Two Shape and Revo-S NiTi Rotary File Systems
Soliman
Kamha
Mohammed
Hafez
Aim: To compare the amount of apically debris extruded following root canal preparation with One Shape, Two Shape and Revo-S NiTi rotary file systems.Materials and Methods: Forty five extracted mandibular human first molars were selected nearly 20 to 22 mm of length average. The access cavities were prepared and the MB canals were localized and explored with a size 10 K-type file. The distal roots of all teeth were amputated to the cervical level and their orifices were sealed with glass ionomer filling material. The teeth were radiographed with a file in MB canal, and the canals with a curvature degree 10 to 20 were included in this study. Apically extruded debris was collected in pre-weighted collector tubes by 10-4 precision microbalance. The teeth with the collector tubes were randomly assigned to three groups, fifteen for each. Group I, MB canals were prepared by using One Shape, Group II, MB canals were prepared by using Two Shape and Group III, MB canals were prepared by using Revo-S NiTi rotary files to the tip sizes 25 and taper of 0.06. Irrigation was performed with bi-distilled water in exactly the same manner for all the specimens with 27-G irrigation needle. All tubes were put in a receptor and were taken to an incubator where they were stored at 37oC for 21 days until the debris was dry. The tubes were then reweighted using the same analytical balance. The difference between pre-weighted tubes and the weight after preparation were tabulated and compared statistically. Results: The lowest amount of apically extruded debris was found in Two Shape group followed by One Shape group, and the highest amount was found in Revo-S group. Comparison between the mean values of the three groups revealed a statistical significant difference at 5%.Comparison between the Two Shape group and One Shape group revealed a statistical significant difference at 5%. Comparison between the Two Shape group and Revo-S group revealed also a statistical a significant difference at 5%. But no statistical significant difference revealed when comparing the One Shape and Revo-S groups at 5% level of significance.Conclusion: The Two Shape showed significantly the lowest amount of apical debris extrusion followed by One Shape and the highest amount showed by Revo-S.
One Shape file
Two Shape file
Revo-S file
Apical debris extrusion
2018
07
01
2767
2776
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77274_6c13a026ec2a155ab5b42a25820863f4.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Effect of different processing techniques of denture bases on the supporting structures of maxillary implant retained overdentures
M.
Nabhan
Yasmine
Thabet
Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of two different processing techniques of denture bases on bone height changes in implant retained maxillary overdenture.Materials and methods: Fourteen completely edentulous patients were recruited to participate in this study. Inclusion criteria: These patients had adequate bone in the maxillary arch to receive four hybrid implants, exhibited angle class I ridge relationship and adequate inter-occlusal space. Exclusion criteria were: V shaped edentulous ridges, patients with neuromuscular diseases and temporomandibular joint disorders, diabetic and smoking patients. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group I: Seven patients received a maxillary implant retained overdenture fabricated from (PMMA) base processed by the compression mold technique. Group II: Seven patients received maxillary implant retained overdenture fabricated from thermoplastic biocompatible base processed by the injectable mold technique. All patients received conventional mandibular complete dentures. Bone height around dental implants was measured after insertion, 6 months, and 12 months post-insertion.Results In this study, bone height changes around dental implants for group I and group II at the first follow up period were 0.56 mm and 0.49 mm respectively, however, at the 2nd follow up period (6-12 months), they were 0.41mm and 0.34 mm consequently. There were no statistically significant differences between the studied groups regarding the average bone loss around the dental implants as as shown by independent t-test.Conclusion Injection and compression molded processing techniques have similar effects on bone height changes in maxillary implant-retained overdentures.
processing
denture base
maxillary implant overdentures
2018
07
01
2777
2783
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77331_8113fb26de7ede176bbd33e63941d6bc.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Clinical and radiographic assessment of different occlusal schemes in “All on 4” concept
Noha
Nawar
Yasmine
Thabet
Objective: The success of dental implants depends on accurate planning of the occlusal scheme enrolled in the overlying prosthesis, so the present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of two different occlusal schemes on the rate of supporting bone resorption in All on 4 mandibular implant retained overdentures constructed with two occlusal schemes, lingualized and group function. Clinical occlusal analysis was also done using digital T-scan to analyze the occlusion and disocclusion timings.Materials and Methods: Fourteen edentulous male patients were selected according to certain criteria, patients had guided surgical installation of four implants following “All on 4 “concept and were randomly allocated into two equal groups, Group I:rehabilitated with provisional fixed detachable prosthesis following the group function occlusal concept and Group II: rehabilitated with provisional fixed detachable prosthesis following the lingualized occlusal concept. The implants in the two groups were monitored using cone beam computed tomography at loading, 6 months and one year later. Digital occlusal analysis was performed using the T-scan at loading.Results: The results of the current study showed statistically significant less bone height changes values in group I in comparison to group II as per the radiographic outcomes while the occlusal analysis showed statistically significant increase in disocclusion time (in seconds)in group I.Conclusion: Lingualized occlusal scheme showed less stresses transmitted to dental implants and their supporting structures as reflected in decreased periimplant bone loss.
All on four
occlusion
group function
lingualized occlusion
2018
07
01
2785
2792
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77332_e4d49cbd144d0bc1022638bbcb90c7b4.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Effect Of Using Two Splinted Mini-Implants Versus Two Conventional Implants Retaining Mandibular Overdenture On Crestal Bone Loss
Hebatallah
Abdallah
Objective: was to compare the marginal bone loss around two splinted Mini-implants and two conventional implants retaining mandibular overdenture.Material and methods: Fourteen completely edentulous male patients were selected from those attended the out-patient clinic of Removable Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry-Ain Shams University to participate in this study. Based on the cone beam computed tomographic (CBCT) assessment, the selected patients were divided into two equal groups: Group (I): Patients received conventional complete maxillary dentures opposed by mandibular overdentures supported and retained by two splinted Mini-implants of 2.5mm diameter and 12 mm length in the interforaminal region. Group (II): Patients received conventional complete maxillary dentures opposed by mandibular overdentures supported and retained by two conventional implants of 4mm diameter and 12mm length placed in the lateral-canine regions. CBCT records were obtained upon Overdenture Insertion (Baseline), Six Months, Twelve Months after insertion. The Mesial, Distal, Buccal and Lingual marginal bone heights around the implants were evaluated, using the linear measurement system of the software with flat panel detector supplied by the cone beam CT. Results: Peri-Implant Bone Loss in Group (I): Six months following denture insertion calculated means of the measured bone loss for the Mesial surfaces were 0.55 ± 0.1 mm, for the Distal surfaces were 0.68 ± 0.03 mm, for the Buccal surfaces were 0.53 ± 0.12 mm and for the Lingual surfaces were 0.51±0.03mm.The calculated means of the measured bone loss was statistically significant at P < 0.05. At twelve months following denture insertion, the calculated means of the measured bone loss for the Mesial surfaces were 0.68 ± 0.1 mm, for the Distal surfaces were 0.87 ± 0.7 mm, for the Buccal surfaces were 0.69 ± 0.1mm and for the lingual surface 0.67± 0.03mm. The calculated means of the measured bone loss were statistically significant ( P ≤ 0.05).Peri-Implant Bone Loss in Group (II): Six months following denture insertion calculated means of the measured bone loss for the Mesial surfaces were 0.51 ± 0.10 mm, for the Distal surfaces were 0.62 ± 0.08 mm, for the Buccal surfaces were 0.51 ± 0.09 mm and for the Lingual surfaces were 0.50 ± 0.09mm. The calculated means of the measured bone loss were statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05). Twelve months following denture insertion calculated means of the measured bone loss for the Mesial surfaces were 0.64 ± 0.10 mm, for the Distal surfaces were 0.83 ± 0.06 mm, for the Buccal surfaces were 064 ± 0.09 mm and for the Lingual surfaces were 0.64± 0.08 mm. The calculated means of the measured bone loss were statistically significant ( P ≤ 0.05). The calculated means of the measured bone loss in group I of the two splinted Mini implants was higher than in group II of the two conventional implants for the Mesial, distal , buccal and lingual surfaces and over all bone loss at 6 months and 12 months but was found not statistically significant at P < 0.05.Conclusions: Within the limitation of this study, it could be concluded that marginal bone loss around two splinted Mini implants supporting and retaining mandibular complete overdenture is higher than the marginal bone loss around two conventional implants supporting and retaining mandibular complete overdenture although the difference was statistically insignificant.
2018
07
01
2793
2805
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77333_2dd2c738c367b565460c14d19b12fd77.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
THE EFFECT OF GREEN TEA EXTRACT AS A MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE INHIBITOR ON THE BOND STRENGTH OF RESIN COMPOSITE
Maha
El Baz
Kariem
Aboulenien
Objective: the aim of the study was to investigate the effect of epigallocatechin- 3-gallate (EGCG) from green tea extract as collagen cross linking agent on dentin bond durability at different aging times.
Materials and Methods: thirty sound premolars were used, they were divided into two groups (15 each) according to the pretreatment protocol. Mid-coronal flate dentine surface was obtained. Group A had no pretreatment done, where bonding agent was placed as the manufacturer instructions. Group B had EGCG pre-adhesive conditioner rubbed before bonding procedures. Bonding procedure was followed by the application of nano-hybrid resin composite in tygon tubes for micro-shear bond strength measurement. Each group was further subdivided in to three subgroups according the aging protocol, where T1 specimens were stored for 24 hours, T2 they were stored for 6 months and T3 they were thermocycled.
Results: All data was statistically analyzed, where group B showed statistically significant higher mean bond strength values (19.5 MPa) than group A (12.1MPa) regardless of the aging protocol. There was statistically significant change in micro-shear bond strength results due to aging regardless of the pretreatment. Where T1 revealed the highest mean values (17.1MPa) followed by T3 ( 15.5 MPa) and the lowest mean values were reported with group T2. There was a statistically significant decrease in mean micro-shear bond strength from T1 to T2 followed by non-statistically significant change in micro-shear bond strength from T2 to T3. The mean micro-shear bond strength at T3 showed statistically significantly lower value compared to T1 value.
Conclusion: Green tea extracts (EGCG) is a powerful source of proanthocyanidin that has proved to be a good biological substitute as a cross-linker for preserving the integrity of dentin, enhancing the tooth resin composite inter-face when compared with universal adhesives present now a days in the market.
Recommendation: More long term clinical and laboratory studies are needed to assess the durability of adhesives
Green-tea extract
EGCG
Collagen cross linking agents
MMPs
Micro-shear bond strength
2018
07
01
2807
2817
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_78470_b8a82c4dadebc1331bef0adb05facd71.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
INFLUENCE OF METAL VERSUS TRANSPARENT MATRICES ON PROXIMAL CONTACT TIGHTNESS OF CLASS II BULK-FILL COMPOSITE RESTORATIONS
Hassan
El-Shamy
Purpose: This study investigated the effect of metal versus transparent matrix systems on proximal contact tightness (PCT) of class II bulk-fill composite resin restorations.
Methods: 80 Ivorine teeth with standardized MO cavity preparations were randomly divided into 4 equal groups (n=20). Group1; sectional metal matrix, group2; pre-contoured circumferential metal matrix in a Tofflemire retainer, group3; conventional metal matrix in a Tofflemire retainer, and group4; Blue Cure-Thru transparent contoured matrix band. All matrices were combined with a separation ring and secured with wooden wedges. Cavity preparations were restored with bulk-fill composite resin; SonicFill 2 with the corresponding bonding system following manufacturer’s instructions. Composite material cured for 20s using Elipar S10 light curing unit. Teeth were restored in a clinically relevant situation using KaVo manikin head. After matrix and wedge removal, proximal contact tightness was measured using the Tooth Pressure Meter. Means were calculated and data were statistically-analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p<.05).
Results: Means and standard deviation for proximal contact measurements were: 7.62 (.52), 4.01 (.74), 4.13 (.4) and 2.74 (.37) for groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. There was a statistical significant difference among all groups except between group2 and 3.
Conclusions: Under the conditions of this test, it can be concluded that: 1. Proper proximal contact tightness for bulk-fill posterior composite restorations could be produced by sectional metal matrix rather than transparent matrix. 2. Pre-contoured circumferential metal matrix produced the same proximal contact tightness as conventional metal matrix when both used with a separation ring.
Clinical Relevance Transparent matrices couldn’t be recommended for bulk-fill posterior composite restorations rather than metal matrices
Bulk-fill Composite
Proximal Contact Tightness
Dental Matrices
Tooth Pressure Meter
2018
07
01
2819
2825
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_79172_e04cf4117865a83b46440fa98473dcbb.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Influence of Irrigants on Accuracy of iPex II and Dentaport ZX in Working Length Determination
Tarek
Elsewify
Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of iPex II (NSK, Tochigi, Japan) and Dentaport ZX (Morita Co, Kyoto, Japan) electronic apex locators (EALs) in working length determination in dry condition and in the presence of the following irrigants: 0.9% saline solution (NaCl), 2.6% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), and 2% chlorhexidine (CHX).Materials and methods: Fifteen extracted, maxillary first molars were used. The actual canal lengths (ALs) were determined. An alginate model was used to determine the electronic length using a size 15 K-file by each EAL in different conditions. Percentage of accuracy was calculated at ±0.5 mm, 1 mm and 1.5 mm tolerance level. Statistical analysis was performed using the Friedman and Wilcoxon signed rank tests at a significance level of P < .05.Results: Results revealed a non-significant difference between the ALs and the electronic lengths (ELs) of both EALs among different canal conditions. Also a non-significant difference was shown between both EALs among different canal conditions. Conclusions: Both EALs are shown to be accurate in WL determination among different canal conditions.
apex locator
iPex II
Dentaport ZX
irrigants
working length
2018
07
01
2827
2832
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77338_37d1e485f913fe094034a05e4da6db5a.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
SURFACE PROPERTIES OF RESIN-INFILTRATED INCIPIENT ENAMEL LESIONS AFTER AGING UNDER THERMAL STRESSES
Enas
Enan
Marwa
Tawfik
Ashraf
Ali
Ahmed
Anan
Introduction: Resin infiltration technique is a promising option for treatment of incipient enamel lesions, especially for patients with history of fixed orthodontic appliances. However, its ability to resist aging under thermal influences in the oral cavity is still questionable. Aim of the study: The present research aimed to inspect the ability of resin-infiltrated initial enamel lesions, to resist aging under thermal challenge. Materials and methods: Fifty extracted non-carious premolars were included in the present study. Specimens were equally distributed into 5 groups, where group 1 included teeth with sound enamel (control), while group 2 included teeth with decalcified untreated lesions. Specimens of group 3 were subjected to Icon® resin infiltration after decalcification. For groups 4 and 5, decalcified resin-infiltrated specimens were subjected to thermocycling (TC) at 5,000 or 10,000 cycles respectively. Surface evaluation parameters included surface microhardness and roughness. Surface morphology was further evaluated using scanning electron microscope (SEM). For statistical analysis, ANOVA and LSD tests were used. Results: Resin-infiltrated enamel was more resistant to surface changes, under thermal stresses, than the non-resin-infiltrated enamel. The resin surface showed high resistance to surface degradation at thermal stress of 5000 cycles, while more deterioration started to appear at 10,000 cycles. Conclusion: Resin infiltration has the ability to provide adequate protection to the demineralized enamel against thermal attack of 5,000 thermal cycles. However, surface microcracks generated at 10,000 thermal cycles indicate that the material might further deteriorate on aging for more than one clinical service year.
Incipient enamel lesions
Resin infiltration
thermocycling
2018
07
01
2833
2840
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77339_6f29a4a7534bf37d221fd4dbe7a4749b.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Effect of pH challenge on the micro-hardness of artificially induced de-mineralized enamel treated with resin infiltrant and fluoride varnish
Reham
Attia
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the micro-hardness of artificially induced de-mineralized enamel after application of resin infiltrant and fluoride varnish and after exposure to pH challenges.Material and methods: In the current study; sound permanent bovine incisors were used. A total of 40 sound enamel were then embedded in pre-cut metal cylinders. Two layers of acid-resistant nail varnish were applied to cover most of the enamel surfaces, leaving a window of 4×4 mm for demineralization. Each specimen was immersed in 32 ml of a de-mineralizing solution which contains 50 mM acetate buffer solution and 1.28 mM Ca(NO3)2_4H2O, 0.74 mM (NaH2PO4)_2H2O, and 0.03 ppm F at pH 5.0,10 for 24 hours at 37 C. The samples were then divided into two groups according to the material used to treat the de-mineralized enamel, each group consisted of 20 samples. Group 1: The samples of de-mineralized enamel were infiltrated with resin infiltration. Then the micro-hardness was recorded for all resin infiltrated samples before pH cycling challenge. The samples were then submitted to a pH cycling model at 37 C over 7 days. The pH cycling consisted of immersion of the samples in 35.5 ml of de-mineralizing solution: (2.0 mmol/ L Ca, 2.0 mmol/ L P, 0.075 mol/ L acetate buffer, 2.22 ml/mm2 of enamel surface) for 6 hours, alternated with immersion in 17.75 ml of re-mineralizing solution: (1.5 mmol/ L Ca, 0.9 mmol/ L P, 0.15 mol/ L KCl, 0.02 mol/ L cacodylate buffer, pH 7.0, 0.25 mL/mm2) for 18 hours for 5 days. The specimens were then kept for 2 more days in a fresh re-mineralizing solution, which completed 7 days of treatment. The samples were then washed in de-ionized water for 30 seconds among de-mineralizing and re-mineralizing cycles. Group 2: Fluoride varnish (NUPRO®WhiteVarnish, DENTSPLY) was applied as a thin layer by a brush and totally dried, then the micro-hardness was recorded [32] . The samples were then subjected to a pH cycling as in group 1. Then after challenge the micro-hardness measurements were performed as formerly described. Results: The difference was highly significant between resin infiltrant and fluoride varnish treated enamel. The comparison among micro-hardness values of initial, de-mineralized enamel, resin-infiltrated enamel and resin infiltrated after pH cycling showed that there was a significant difference. The difference between micro-hardness values was highly significant when comparison was accomplished between initial and de-mineralized enamel ,initial and after pH cycling, de-mineralized enamel and resin infiltrated enamel ,de-mineralized enamel and after pH cycling and finally between resin infiltrated enamel and after pH cycling. The difference between micro-hardness values was not significant regarding initial and resin infiltrated enamel. Conclusion: Under the limitations of the present study, it was concluded that the micro-hardness of resin infiltrated enamel was higher than that of de-mineralized enamel treated with fluoride varnish before and after pH cycling.
2018
07
01
2841
2850
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77340_c3a5396def1a628284f52b18a319243c.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Influence of clinical remounting of complete dentures on occlusion and disocclusion times as indicators of occlusal balance: A computerised occlusal analysis
Amal
Swelem
Background: Occlusal balance in complete dentures is usually achieved by eliminating occlusal discrepancies through selective grinding. The main challenge lies in the accurate detection of the premature contacts to be able to achieve true and proper occlusal balance. There are several ways to detect occlusal errors and premature contacts including the intra-oral clinical assessment methods and remounting procedures. Purpose: Dental literature lacks studies that objectively investigated the accuracy of occlusal adjustment after clinical remounting procedures as compared with that done only by intra-oral assessment using articulating paper. The aim of this study was to quantitatively and objectively assess the influence of clinical remounting on occlusion (OT) and disocclusion (DT) times, as objective indicators of occlusal balance, using computerized occlusal analysis. Methods: This clinical study included 20 completely edentulous patients, 11 males and 9 females (aged 51 to 64, with an average of 57.6 years). Two sets of conventional complete dentures were constructed for each patient with a total of 40 dentures. Occlusal adjustment of 20 denture sets was done based on intra-oral assessment using articulating paper (control group) while occlusal adjustment of the other 20 denture sets was done based on clinical remounting procedures (experimental group). Occlusal parameters including OT, DT during right excursion (DT-Right) and DT during left excursion (DT-Left) were recorded for each set of dentures. Paired t-test was used to statistically analyze and compare the OT, DT-Right and DT-Left values between the two denture groups. A probability value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean recorded OT was 0.48 seconds in the intra-oral method (articulating paper) group and decreased to 0.32 seconds in the clinical remounting group. This decrease was statistically significant. The mean recorded DT was 0.6 and 0.62 seconds for DT-Right and DT-Left respectively in the intra-oral method group. However they decreased to 0.36 and 0.37 seconds in the clinical remounting group. Again this decrease was statistically significant for both right and left lateral excursions. Conclusion: Occlusal adjustment based on clinical remounting procedures is more accurate and achieves more occlusal balance, as represented by shorter occlusion and disocclusion times, when compared to the intra-oral adjustment method using an articulating paper.
2018
07
01
2851
2862
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77358_e05353fa7250694b408e4ebad5446cd8.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Evaluation of Antibacterial Effect of Diode laser 980 nm, Triple Antibiotic Past, and Calcium Hydroxide on Enterococcus Faecalis Biofilm
Maram
Obeid
Mona
Nour
Aim: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the anti-biofilm capacity of Diode laser 980 nm, triple antibiotic mixture and calcium hydroxide.Methods: Eighty five single-rooted teeth with mature apices were prepared using Protaper Universal rotary nickel titanium system till size # F4 then contaminated with E.faecalis. Irrigation done using 2.5% sodium hypochlorite followed by 17% EDTA. Samples were divided into 4 groups (n= 20) according to the irrigant activation method. Laser group,TAP group, Ca(OH)2group and the control group. Residual bacteria were plated onto Brain Heart Infusion media and determined as colony-forming units (CFU mL-1). Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA followed by performance of Tukey post hoc tests. Significance was set at p < 0.05.Results: There was a statistically significant reduction in the mean numbers of colony-forming units among all groups. However, none of the activation methods was able to kill E. faecalis biofilm completely. The Laser group behaved most effectively among all groups.Conclusion: The adjunctive use of 980nm laser is an effective method for bacterial reduction after chemo-mechanical instrumentation of the root canal.
Diode laser
TAP
antibiofilm activity
2018
07
01
2863
2870
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77359_1e7ef845ecdeec6cbef871c9a6c29f9a.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Accuracy and Reproducibility of 3D Printed Dies versus Stone Dies
Aliaa
Mahrous
Inass
Aboulmagd
Statement of the problem: researches studying the accuracy of the 3D printed dies were very rare.Aim: The aim of the current study was to assess the difference in accuracy and reproducibility of the three dimensionally printed dies versus the stone dies.Materials& Methods: A maxillary typodont (D13PP-TR.1; Nissan, Kyoto, Japan) model with missing upper 1st molar was prepared as master model. Two types of dies were obtained from the master model (n=6). Group 1 was the conventional stone dies using type IV stone (GC FujiRock EP; GC) while group 2 representing the 3D printed dies (Dent2 Mogassam LLC Co. Egypt, Cairo) using resin (industrial blended resin, Funtodo Co. Netherlands). All working models were scanned (Open Technologies 3D scanner, Brescia, Italy) and STL file was superimposed on the STL file of the master model with the best-fit alignment method to analyze the volumetric changes and color maps were provided using 3Shape 3D software software. The mean average distance between the master dies and the working dies in all groups was recorded. Data were fed to the computer and analyzed using IBM SPSS software package version 20.0. Quantitative data were explored for normality using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk tests. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in volumetric discrepancies between stone model (0.186±0.231) mm3 as a (mean±SD) and 3D printed model (0.176±0.211) mm3 as a mean±SD. Conclusion: Digital work flow can eventually replace the conventional techniques with minimal volumetric discrepancies in 3D printed dies.
dimensional accuracy
stone dies
rapid prototyping
3D printed dies
digital dentistry
digital light processing
best-fit alignment
color map
2018
07
01
2871
2877
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77361_8848f53312fed5f6f2140ff47e5d5e9a.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Effect Of Non-Thermal Air Plasma Treatment On Shear Bond Strength Of Adhesive Resin Cement To Zirconia
Aliaa
Mahrous
Mohamed
Radwan
Bassem
Emad
Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to analyze the effect of non-thermal air plasma treatment on shear bond strength and failure mode of self-adhesive resin cement to zirconia. Materials& Methods: Forty eight zirconia plates were prepared from IPS e.max ZirCad blocks (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) and classified into four groups (n=12) according to surface treatment; group CO (control) without any surface treatment, group SD was treated with 50 µm alumina sandblasting, group PL used air atmospheric pressure plasma device (Piezobrush® PZ2, Relyon plasma GMBH, Regensburg, Germany) & group SP which was a combination of 50 µm alumina sandblasting followed immediately with atmospheric plasma treatment. Zirconia specimens were immediately centered with Relay X Unicem (3M ESPE) resin cylinders of 3.7 mm diameter and 2 mm height. Shear bond strength test was performed 8 days after water storage at 37˚C using a computer controlled materials testing machine (Model 3345; Instron Industrial Products, Norwood, USA). A scanning electron microscope (Quanta 250 Field Emission Gun, Netherlands) was used to determine failure mode with all morphological and structural changes. Average surface roughness (Ra) was calculated with different surface treatments. Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis was used for chemical changes evaluation. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test when the ANOVA test was significant. Results: A significant difference between different surface treatments (P=0.010) was recorded with the highest shear bond strength value in SP group and the lowest value with untreated surface CO gp. All groups showed mixed failure mode which was mainly cohesive except for CO gp. Surface roughness was increased with sandblasting and decreased after plazma treatment. EDX analysis showed increase oxygen on plazma treated surface.Conclusion: Non thermal air plasma treatment can be used for increasing zirconia surface treatment especially when accompanied with 50 µm AL2O3 sandblasting.Clinical significant: Non thermal air plasma treatment alone or in combination with sandblasting can be considered as a good clinical protocol for cementing zirconia restorations.
Atmospheric air plasma treatment
Sandblasting
Relay X Unicem
Zirconia
shear bond strength test (SBST)
failure mode
Surface roughness
2018
07
01
2879
2888
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77363_01e60363ac2e26f87ed2d1ee57c73d72.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
The Effect of disinfection of Extended-Pour alginate impressions on the surface roughness of stone casts
Iman
Matar
The study aimed to estimate the influence of disinfection of impression material (Hydrogum 5 extended-Pour alginates) on the surface roughness of the resulting casts. Materials and Methods: In this study, 40 alginate impressions using Hydrogum 5 extended-Pour alginates. The impressions were divided into four groups according to different time of storage and pouring intervals: one, six, 12 and 24 hours. Each time interval has ten impressions which were divided into two groups (control and study) each group has five impressions which stored in sealed plastic bags then casting with dental stone. In control groups the impressions stored without disinfection and in study groups the impressions were sprayed with (AHD 2000) ready-made commercial disinfectant material then stored. Surface roughness test was measured for every specimen by (Mahr) Marsurf PS1Data analysis were done by Student T- test and ANOVA (P<0.05).Results: Extended-Pour alginates not significantly affected the surface roughness of the stone casts either with or without disinfection. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that casting may be postpone up to 24 hours using Hydrogum 5 extended-Pour alginates. likewise pouring after disinfectant.
Disinfection
Extended-Pour alginate
Surface roughness Impression Materials
2018
07
01
2889
2898
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77364_a38a832889d3e1b4cb6309e1e8c5d20b.pdf
Egyptian Dental Journal
0070-9484
0070-9484
2018
64
Issue 3 - July (Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental Materials, Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics)
Fracture Resistance of A Newly Proposed Occlusal Veneer Design Using Two Different CAD/CAM Ceramic Materials
Carl
Halim
Statement of the Problem: Management of severe occlusal erosive lesions constitutes a challenging therapeutic approach to the restorative dentist. Bonded occlusal veneers have been introduced as a conservative solution to traditional onlays or complete coverage crowns. Still, there is lack of information and conflict in the data concerning the mechanical performance of the occlusal veneer materials and designs.Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro investigation was to evaluate and compare the fracture resistance and failure mode of a newly proposed occlusal veneer design constructed of zirconia reinforced lithium silicate and hybrid ceramic materials with the conventional design restored with the same tested materials.Materials and Methods: Two mandibular first molars of a typodont were chosen to perform the master preparations; one for the conventional planar occlusal veneer design, and the second for the proposed modified design which consisted of occlusal veneer preparation with circumferential chamfer finish line and two shallow proximal slots. Ten elastomeric impressions were taken for each design using the putty and light polysiloxane addition silicone impression material. The twenty impressions were poured using type IV dental stone to produce twenty stone casts, ten for each design. Each group of stone casts was subdivided randomly into two equal subgroups according to the ceramic material to be tested; the zirconia reinforced lithium silicate “Celtra Duo” and the hybrid resin nano ceramic “Lava Ultimate”. All the occlusal veneers were fabricated using the CAD/CAM Cerec InLab SW 4.2.5 System. The veneers were then checked on both the stone casts and the master preparation on the typodont for perfect seating, after the Celtra veneers were crystallized and glazed and the Lava veneers being subjected to finishing and polishing. The preparations were duplicated to obtain twenty epoxy casts over which the occlusal veneers were adhesively cemented using a standard bonding protocol. The samples were then subjected to thermal cycling program. All the samples were individually mounted on the Instron testing machine with a loadcell of 5 KN and fracture test was done by compressive mode of load applied occlusally using a metallic rod with spherical tip (5.6 mm diameter) at cross-head speed of 1mm/min. The load required to fracture was recorded in Newton and tabulated to be statistically analyzed. The fractured specimens were examined to detect the mode of failure. Results: Regardless of the ceramic type, the modified occlusal veneer design showed statistically significant higher fracture resistance mean value (1106.0 N) than conventional design (957.6 N) at P ≤ 0.05. Irrespective of the design, the Lava Ultimate revealed higher statistically significant fracture resistance mean value (1114.1 N) than Celtra (949.5 N) at P ≤ 0.05. The Celtra veneers showed higher fracture resistance mean value (1016.9N) with the conventional design than the modified design (882.2 N), the difference was statistically significant at P ≤ 0.05. While the lava veneers presented higher statistically significant fracture resistance mean value with the modified design (1329.9 N) than the conventional design (898.3 N) at P ≤ 0.05. All the specimens exhibited cracks limited to the veneer material, except one revealed catastrophic failure.Conclusions: 1- The modified occlusal veneer design offered promising results as far as fracture resistance is concerned particularly with the nano-hybrid ceramic which presented the highest statistically significant fracture resistance mean values.2- The conventional planar occlusal veneer design proved to be superior with zirconia lithium silicate ceramic (ZLS) as it presented highly significant fracture resistance mean values than with the modified design.3- Both the conventional and modified occlusal veneer designs presented fracture resistance mean values with the two tested materials “Celtra and Lava Ultimate” that exceed the range of clinical acceptability.4- Rating of the tested occlusal veneers according to their fracture resistance mean values is as follows: the highest for the Lava Ultimate with the modified design, followed by Celtra Duo with conventional design, then Lava Ultimate with conventional design and Celtra Duo with modified design.5- It can be recommended that in cases with increased occlusal stresses, Lava Ultimate occlusal veneer with the modified design be the first choice, followed by the Celtra Duo with the conventional design as a second choice.
Occlusal veneer design
CAD/CAM
ceramic materials
Fracture resistance
2018
07
01
2899
2915
https://edj.journals.ekb.eg/article_77365_bf6d330aa71dfcf6e46fc92e7c636141.pdf