The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)Egyptian Dental Journal0070-948464Issue 4 - October (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)20181001Assessment of fibrosis induced by Bleomycin in a rat model that resembles Oral Submucous Fibrosis327732857887310.21608/edj.2018.78873ENDina SolimanKhaterAssociate Professor, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20200324Background and Objective: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF ) is a precancerous disease that is<br />characterized by subepithelial fibrosis of the oral cavity. Bleomycin is a chemotherapeutic antibiotic<br />which was used in animal models of pulmonary fibrosis as fibrosis is one of the major side effects<br />of Bleomycin in human cancer therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of fibrosis<br />in OSF induced by Bleomycin in a rat model using Van-Gieson stain and studying the expression<br />of TGF‑ β1 and SMAD -3.<br />Materials and Methods: A total of fifty adult female albino rats were used and divided into four<br />test groups (ten animals each) according to the duration of treatment (2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks). Another<br />ten animals were used as control group. Bleomycin at a concentration of 1mg/ml was maintained<br />and was injected subcutaneously into one side of the cheek mucosa of the rats daily. Meanwhile, the<br />rats of the control group were injected with saline. Then the dissected buccal mucosae of the rats<br />were evaluated by H&E stain, Van-Gieson special stain, TGF‑ β1 immunostaining and determination<br />of SMAD-3 gene level by qRT -PCR.<br />Results: The histological findings were similar to that of OSF in humans. The mean value of<br />each of Van-Gieson, TGF‑ β1 in addition to SMAD -3 gene expression gradually increased by time<br />to reach its highest level at 8th week of the experiment. Meanwhile, the lowest mean area percent<br />was recorded in the control group.<br />Conclusion: The histological changes induced by Bleomycin in a rat model gave a fibrotic<br />response similar to that of OSF in humans. Downregulation of TGF -β1/SMAD -3 signaling could<br />provide a valuable method for treatment of OSF.<br /> The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)Egyptian Dental Journal0070-948464Issue 4 - October (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)20181001Mandibular Ramus linear measurements as an Indicator of Chronological Age and Sex in Egyptian Population328732947887810.21608/edj.2018.78878ENShimaa M.MotaweiLecturer of Forensic Medicine & Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.Ahmed MN.HelalyAssociate Professor of Forensic Medicine & Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.Wael M.AboelmaatyLecturer of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt.KhaledElmahdyDentist at the Ministry of Health and Population, Egypt.Journal Article20200324Background: The determination of age and sex is crucial for establishing human identity. The<br />mandible is an accessible and durable bone that is very useful in this respect.<br />Aim: To assess the efficacy of measuring the mandible ramus length in the identification of age<br />and sex in a group of Egyptians.<br />Subjects and Methods: The length of the ramus of the mandible was measured in lateral<br />craniofacial scans of 213 individuals (99 males and 114 females) with an age range of 7-58 years<br />using cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT).<br />Results: Sexual dimorphism was not observed until age of 17 years in this sample. There was<br />not found any significant differences in the length of the ramus of the mandible between males<br />and females in the age range of 7 to less than 17 years (P-value = 0.2495). There was a significant<br />difference between males and females for the mean length of the ramus in the age range of 17 to 58<br />years (P-value < 0.0000). It predicts sex with an accuracy of 67%. There was a positive correlation<br />between and (age) and loge (ramus length) (r=0.73, P-value < 0.0001 for females and r=0.85,<br />P-value his or her mandible ramus length.<br />Conclusion: The mandibular ramus length is valuable in age estimation and less valuable in<br />sex determination. Computerized tomography examination is a safe and an accurate procedure<br />with minimal radiation exposure, and provides valuable precise information regarding mandible<br />measurements.<br /> The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)Egyptian Dental Journal0070-948464Issue 4 - October (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)20181001Transmission electron microscopy and immunohistoc hemical studies on the effect of platelet rich fibrin at the bone- metallic interface in the mandible329533027888110.21608/edj.2018.78881ENAtef I.AhmedAssistant Professor, Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University,
Assiut, Egypt.Ahmed H.GaberLecturer, Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt.Journal Article20200324Background: A dental implant is an effective method for restoring edentulous dentition. Many<br />biological materials were used to coat implant surfaces to enhance osseointegration. Growth factors<br />like bone morphogenic proteins (BMP) were used for this purpose. Platelet rich fibrin (PRF ) is a<br />new approach on bone regeneration through the synergistic effect of many growth factors derived<br />from platelets.<br />Purpose: The purpose of this study was the evaluation of the effect of platelet rich fibrin (PRF )<br />and transforming growth factor (TGF β) on the bone- metallic interface in dogs. Also, to determine<br />the relationship between titanium implants and bone cells by the electron microscopy.<br />Methods & materials: Six healthy adult male dogs included in this study. The dogs were<br />divided randomly into two groups. The dog’s mandibles were used. The third premolar was<br />extracted bilaterally and the right side used as a control while the left used as experimental side. PRF<br />was prepared and the immediate implant was inserted. Ultrastructure and immunohistochemical<br />examination of dogs were evaluated.<br />Results: The results demonstrated that the PRF and TGF β enhance the osseointegration in the<br />experimental group when compared with control group. During study of bone regeneration more<br />advanced intervals were required for bone maturation.<br />Conclusions: The PRF accelerates early bone regeneration and there is a tight regulatory<br />relationship between the TGF β and the rapidity of bone formation.The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)Egyptian Dental Journal0070-948464Issue 4 - October (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)20181001Immunohistoc hemical localization of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Pleomorphic Adenoma of Salivary Gland: Correlation with Cyclooxygenase-2 and Tumor Proliferative Activity330333117905310.21608/edj.2018.79053ENHamdy AbdelMotagalyMetwalyAssistant Professor, Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta UniversityJournal Article20200325Objectives: to investigate immunohistochemically localization pattern and distribution of<br />inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) in pleomorphic adenoma (PA ) of salivary glands and to<br />find a correlation of its expression with Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX -2) and tumor proliferative activity.<br />Material and Methods: 18 cases of PA were subjected to immunohistochemical staining<br />for iNOS, COX-2 and proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) using streptavidin-peroxidase<br />technique. 10 samples of normal salivary glands tissues (NSG) were used as a control. COX-2,<br />iNOS and PCNA expression were statistically compared.<br />Results: in PA , expression of iNOS was increased as that of COX-2 when compared with<br />the control. The expression intensity and pattern of distribution of studied proteins were different<br />within the tumor tissue. The strong expression was localized mainly at the tumor periphery while<br />the center of tumor showed weak or even negative expression. The PCNA-LI mean percentage was<br />higher in the periphery of the tumors. The low expression scores of iNOS were detected in 4 cases,<br />moderate in 5 cases and high in 7 cases, whereas the expression scores of COX-2 were observed in<br />5 cases (low), in 9 cases (moderate) and 5 cases (high). The expression scores of iNOs and COX-2<br />were significantly correlated (P≤0.05). Significant correlation of expression scores of COX -2 and<br />iNOS with PCNA-LI (P≤0.01) were found.<br />Conclusion: this study revealed that COX -2 and iNOS expression was increased significantly<br />in PA . Their pattern of expression was more in the periphery of the lesion than the center. The<br />labelling index of PCNA was higher in the periphery of the lesion indicating that the tumorous<br />and proliferative activity of PA is more at tumor tissues near the margins suggesting that the<br />aggressiveness of PA is at the tumor peripheries.<br /> The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)Egyptian Dental Journal0070-948464Issue 4 - October (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)20181001Evaluation of Periodontal Tissue Response to Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy in Patients Work in Basic Chemical Industries and Ferti lizers Factory331333237888610.21608/edj.2018.78886ENHamdy AbdelMotagalyMetwalyAssistant Professor, Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta UniversityMohamed Abdel-MoniemEbrahemProfessor, Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology and Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Minia University, Egypt, Hamdy Abdel MotagalyMetwalyAssistant Professor, Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, EgyptFatma FathiHusseinLecturer, Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology and Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Minia University, Egypt.0000-0002-1149-3512Ahmed AbdallahKhalilLecturer, Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology and Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Minia University, Egypt.Journal Article20200324Background: Potential pollution of air, water and land is a consequence of fertilizers industrial<br />productions that have biohazardous impact on animal, human health and ecosystem. Aim: To<br />investigate the clinical response and the levels of IL-6 and Nitric Oxide derivatives (nitrogen<br />oxide) (NO ˚) after non-surgical periodontal therapy in chronic periodontitis patients working<br />in fertilizers factory. Material and Methods: 60 subjects were included in the study. Forty<br />chronic periodontitis male patients equally divided into 2 groups. Group І, 20 patients working<br />in the fertilizers and chemical industries factory and group II, 20 patients did not work or live<br />near any fertilizer factories. Twenty healthy volunteers not working in fertilizer factories were<br />act as a control group (Group III). The Plaque Index (Pl-I), Gingival index (GI), Probing pocket<br />depth (PD), and the Clinical Loss of Attachment (CLA) (clinical parameters) were scored for all<br />subjects at baseline and one month after non-surgical periodontal therapy. Gingival Crevicular<br />Fluid (GCF) samples were collected from all subjects, used for analysis by RT -PCR to assess the<br />levels of IL -6 and Nitric Oxide derivatives (nitrogen oxide) (NO ˚) before (baseline) and one month<br />after periodontal therapy. Results: One month after periodontal therapy, the two groups responded<br />well to the non-surgical treatment but non-significant difference was observed (P>0.05). GI and<br />Pl-I scores were reduced (P<0.001) with reduction in PD and gain in clinical attachment (P<0.05)<br />in both groups. At baseline, the GCF mRNA levels of IL -6 and NO ˚ were higher in both studied<br />groups when compared with the healthy group. But the levels were high in group I more than group<br />II . The levels of mRNA for IL -6 and NO ˚ were significantly reduced after periodontal therapy in<br />group I and II . A significant correlation between the levels of mRNA for IL -6 and NO ˚ derivatives<br />with the clinical parameters mean scores at baseline and one month after periodontal therapy in<br />both groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Continuous exposure to fertilizers pollution did not affect the<br />clinical response of non-surgical periodontal therapy but it affects the mRNA levels of free radicals<br />NO ˚ and the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL -6 that lead to more destruction and worse outcomes of<br />periodontal tissues.<br /> The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)Egyptian Dental Journal0070-948464Issue 4 - October (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)20181001The Role of CD44 AND SOX-2 Cancer Stem cell Markers in The Development and Progression of Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma and Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Salivary Glands332533357889010.21608/edj.2018.78890ENNaglaa M.KamalLecturer, Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Ahram Canadian University, 6
of
October City, Giza Egypt.
thJournal Article20200324One of the greatest difficulties to reach a successful treatment of mucoepidermoid carcinoma<br />(MEC) and primary squamous cell carcinoma (PSSC) of salivary glands is the resistance to different<br />therapeutic procedures which advocate the existence of a subpopulation of cancer stem cell (CSC).<br />In salivary gland tumors the hypothesis of cancer stem cell has not been fully understood.<br />Aim: To assess the expression of cancer stem cell markers CD44 and SOX2 in low and highgrades<br />MEC and PSSC and to determine whether the expression of these markers can be used to<br />predict tumor aggressiveness.<br />Materials and Methods: 4μm sections were prepared from paraffin-embedded blocks of<br />16 samples of MEC and 16 samples of PSSC of salivary glands (8 low-grade and 8 high- grade<br />carcinomas for each of them). Staining of each specimen with hematoxylin and eosin, CD44 and<br />SOX2 was done.<br />Results: All lesions of MEC and PSSC showed membranous CD44 and nuclear SOX2<br />expression. CD44 and SOX 2 expression were significantly higher in high-grade tumors than in<br />low-grade tumors. A strong positive correlation between CD44 and SOX2 expression was detected.<br />Conclusion: Cancer stem cells can be identified in MEC and PSS C using CD44 and SOX 2<br />markers and may participate in tumor aggressiveness. The present study also suggests that patients<br />with MEC and PSS C may benefit from therapies that comprise a combination of the two markers.The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)Egyptian Dental Journal0070-948464Issue 4 - October (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)20181001Investigation the Cytoto xicity and Apopto sis of annonaceae nanopartic les and 5-FU encapsulated chito san nanopartic les against Tongue Squamous Cell carcinoma Cell Lines (SSC-25)333733477889410.21608/edj.2018.78894ENShaimaa OmarZayedLecturers, Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo UniversityReham S.HamedLecturers, Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo UniversityUsama Abd El RoufEl DakroryLecturers, Oral Surgery Department, Faculty of Oral Surgey, Misr University for Science and Technology.Journal Article20200324Objective: cancer result from abnormal genetic makeup of a cell resulting in continuous cell<br />division with often production of metastasis throughout the body. Apoptosis is very effective in<br />killing cancer cells. We performed this study to investigate the effect of annonaceae and 5FU drug<br />nanoparticles against scc-25 cell lines human tongue squamous cell carcinoma by studying their<br />effect on cell cycle progression and apoptosis<br />Methods: Cell Line cells were obtained from American Type Culture Collection , cells were<br />cultured using DMEM (Invitrogen/Life Technologies). Annonaceae nanoparticles and 5FU drug<br />were used. The effect of the tested materials were investigated by MTTassay, cell cycle analysis &<br />flow cytometry.<br />Results: the cancer cells treated by annonaceae nanoparticles revealed obvious cytotoxicity at<br />iC50 7 μg/ml, in addition it stimulated the upregulation of annexin-v leading to apoptosis of cancer<br />cells and growth arrest at G1 phase with prominent late apoptosis analyzed by cell cycle analysis<br />& flow cytometry.<br />Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that annonaceae nanoparticle might be capable of<br />inducing cancer cell death against SCC-25 cell lines by cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis.The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)Egyptian Dental Journal0070-948464Issue 4 - October (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)20181001Clinical and Histo pathological comparison between Non-surgical Periodontal therapy and Laser curettage in Aggressive Periodontitis patients334933597889710.21608/edj.2018.78897ENAhmed ShawkatHashemLecturer of Periodontology, Oral Medicine & Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry-Damanhour UniversitySherif FaroukElgayarAssistant Professor of oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry-Minia UniversityJournal Article20200324Background: In patients with aggressive periodontitis, scaling and root planing is usually<br />combined with the use of systemic antibiotics. However, the effectiveness of these antibiotics over<br />time was questioned. Diode laser has been introduced as an adjunctive treatment modality in the<br />treatment of periodontal disease.<br />Objective: The aim of this study is to compare Laser debridement with non-surgical periodontal<br />therapy for the treatment of aggressive periodontitis.<br />Subjects and methods: Probing depth and clinical attachment loss were measured in six sites<br />for two teeth in all 10 aggressive periodontitis patients selected for the study. Also, Gingival index<br />was recorded.<br />Scaling and root planing was performed on one tooth, and the other was treated using Diode<br />Laser therapy. All measurements were carried at baseline and four weeks after completion of the<br />therapy for both modalities. Moreover, gingival samples were taken from all sites before and after<br />periodontal therapy.<br />Results: Statistically significant reduction was observed in mean gingival scores in both groups<br />after intervention, and the Laser group showed more statistical significance than curettage group.<br />However, there was no statistical significant difference between both groups concerning probing<br />depth measurements. Again, no significant difference was observed between groups regarding<br />clinical attachment loss improvement. Histopathological results showed less inflammatory infiltrate<br />in cases treated with Laser therapy.<br />Conclusion: Clinical and histopathological investigations proved that Laser therapy is more<br />effective in reducing inflammation in periodontitis patients. Thus, Laser application should be<br />adjuncted to all periodontal procedures in order to improve clinical outcomes.The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)Egyptian Dental Journal0070-948464Issue 4 - October (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)20181001The expression of NF-κB in Calcifying odonto genic cysts (COCs) and Ghost cell odonto genic carcinomas (GCOCs)336133657890110.21608/edj.2018.78901ENOmneya R.RamadanLecturer of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Alexandria, Manal I.ElnouaemProfessor of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of AlexandriaSahar M.ElSheikhProfessor of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of AlexandriaJournal Article20200324Background: Calcifying odontogenic cysts (COCs) are considered rare odontogenic lesions<br />with a spectrum of behavioral and clinicopathological features. The rare Ghost cell odontogenic<br />carcinoma (GCOC) is the malignant counterpart of (COC). The goal of this work was to study the<br />expression NF-κB in COCs and GCOCs.<br />Methods: NF-κB expression was evaluated in 8 (COCs) and 4 (GCOCs), using<br />immunohistochemical method. Immunostaining was evaluated semi-quantitatively, following to<br />the intensity and extent of staining.<br />Results: B oth cytoplasmic and nuclear and NF-κB immunopositivity were detected in all COC<br />tissues, as well as in GCOC.<br />Conclusion: The expression of NF-κB may represent an important mechanism of tumor<br />development and thus might have a role in the progression of ghost cell lesions.<br /> The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)Egyptian Dental Journal0070-948464Issue 4 - October (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)20181001Effects of dexamethasone , adipose derived stem cells and their exosomes on inflammation and oral wound healing: Comparative histo logic study in rats336733777890410.21608/edj.2018.78904ENEbtehalMohammedLecturer of Oral Medicine , Oral diagnosis and Periodontology , Faculty of Dentistry, Beni Suef University.EmanKhalilLecturer of Oral Medicine, Oral diagnosis and Periodontology , Faculty of Dentistry, British University. Egypt.DinaSabryProfessor of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University. 11562. Cairo. Egypt.Journal Article20200324The inflammatory phase of wound healing affects the wound repair as down regulation or up<br />regulation result in delayed healing or scar formation. The dexamethasone is the drug of choice<br />as anti inflammatory, anti edematous and anti emetic in different oral and periodontal surgeries<br />to control post operative pain and edema, however the down regulation of inflammatory phase<br />may affect the wound healing. Adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs), as a part of cell therapy, and<br />exosomes (Exo.) , as a part of cell free therapy, revealed promising results in wound healing in<br />preclinical and clinical studies.<br />Materials and Methods: 5o rats were involved in this study. The standardized oral wound<br />was done by scalpel in left cheek then the animals were randomly assigned to 4 groups including<br />gelatin sponge group, dexamethasone group, Exo. group and ADSCs group. The animals were<br />sacrificed at 2,5 and 10 days of healing. The specimens were evaluated histologically (H&E) stains<br />and inflammatory cells were counted and statistically compared.<br />Results: regarding inflammatory cell counting, the dexamethasone revealed least inflammatory<br />infiltration followed by Exo.group then ADSCs group and finally, gelatin sponge group. All groups<br />showed signs of healing, However the Exo. group followed by ADSCs showed more condensed<br />collagen formation and increased epithelial thickness than dexamethasone and gelatin sponge<br />groups.<br />Conclusion: Exo. and ADSCs may accelerate the oral wound healing and overcome the<br />delayed healing that may limit the use of dexamethasone administration as anti inflammatory drug,<br />especially in medically comprised patients as diabetic patients.The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)Egyptian Dental Journal0070-948464Issue 4 - October (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)20181001Comparative study of the cytoto xicity and apoptotic effect of beet root, and silica-beet nanopartic les with 5-FU nanopartic les against Scc-090 cell line337933897905410.21608/edj.2018.79054ENShaimaa OmarZayedLecturer, Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo UniversityReham S.HamedLecturer, Oral surgery Department, Faculty of Oral surgey, Misr University for science and technologyUsama Abd El RoufEl DakroryLecturer, Oral surgery Department, Faculty of Oral surgey, Misr University for science and technology.Journal Article20200325Objective: Nanoparticle delivery systems can be used to target anticancer drugs to tumor<br />tissues. Beet root appears to be a powerful dietary source of antioxidant agent with anti-cancer<br />effect due to ability to scavenge free radicals. Application of silica-nanoparticles (SiNP) in cancer<br />treatment are promising, with increased data suggesting anti-proliferative effects in cancer cells.<br />The aim of our study was to compare the cytotoxic effect of the beet root NP, silica-beet NP with<br />5fu (flourarcil) NP , a chemotherapeutic agent against tongue carcinoma cell line scc-090.<br />Methods: Cell Line cells were obtained from American Type Culture Collection , cells were<br />cultured using DMEM (Invitrogen/Life Technologies). Beet root nanoparticles Si-beet NP and 5FU<br />drug NP were used. The effect of the tested materials were investigated by MTTassay and DNA<br />fragmentation (DPA method).<br />Results: The MTT cytotoxicity assay revealed that beat root (nano) and Si-beat roots (nano)<br />have obbvious cytotoxicity on SS C-090 cancer cell lines at low significant IC50 value as 0.73μg/<br />ml and 2.94 μg/ml respectively. While 5FU drug revealed obvious cytotoxicity on SSC-090 cancer<br />cell lines at higher value IC50 8.83 ug/ml. these results denote that low doses of beat root (nano)<br />may exert remarkable cell death on tongue cancer cells line scc-090.<br />Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that beet root NP could be capable of inducing cancer<br />cell death with prominent apoptosis at very low ic50 value 0.73μg/ml against oral tongue carcinoma<br />SCC-090 cell lines.<br /> The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)Egyptian Dental Journal0070-948464Issue 4 - October (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)20181001Low Level Laser Therapy and Omega-3 in the Management of Recurrent Aphthous Sto matitis339134057905610.21608/edj.2018.79056ENReda SaberMoawadAssistant Lecturer of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral Diagnosis and Radiology Department, Faculty of
Dentistry, Tanta University, EgyptLubnaEl-GammalProfessor of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral Diagnosis and Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry,
Tanta University, EgyptHussein IbrahimSaudiProfessor of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral Diagnosis and Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry,
Tanta University, EgyptMohammed AttiaSaadProfessor of Clinical Pathology Faculty of Medicine, Tanta UniversityJournal Article20200325Introduction: In view of the importance and prevalence of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis<br />(RAS) there is an urgent need for searching about an effective therapy that is less expensive, easy<br />to use and readily available with no side effects. Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT ) and Omega-3<br />were considered as possible treatment options of RAS.<br />Aim of the work: The aim of the current study was to compare the usefulness of LLLT with or<br />without omega-3 versus omega-3 alone in treatment of RAS and evaluate the immune-modulatory<br />effect of systemically administered omega-3.<br />Materials and method: 45 patients were suffering from RAS were randomly assigned into<br />either GӀ: (LLL T), GӀӀ: (omega-3) and GӀӀӀ: (omega-3 plus LLL T). The comparison was assessed<br />clinically via calculating: The reduction in ulcer surface area by using Visual Basic Program, the<br />effectiveness indices (EI ) of pain improvement at day 1 and day five, average duration of ulcer<br />episodes, and the number of new ulcer outbreaks at base line and then monthly for the following 6<br />months. Immunologically via: Measuring the amount of IL2, determination of CD4+CD25+ high T<br />regulatory cells in blood samples at base line (BL), 3 and 6 months.<br />Results: GӀ showed significant reduction in ulcer surface area and significant decrease in pain<br />sensation, without significant change in all other parameters. GӀӀ showed no significant change<br />in the degree of pain sensation in spite of reduction in ulcer surface area in addition to significant<br />change in all other parameters. GӀӀӀ showed significant improvement in all clinical parameters<br />which is compatible with the changes occurred in the immunologic parameters. At BL no<br />significant deference was observed in between the three groups. For the follow up measurements:<br />The reduction in ulcer surface area and (EI ) of pain improvement showed significant difference<br />comparing GӀӀ with GӀ and GӀӀӀ in favor of the last mentioned two groups with no difference<br />in between both of them, regarding the monthly clinical variables and immunologic parameters<br />showed significant difference comparing GӀ with GӀӀ and GӀӀӀ in favor of the GӀӀ and GӀӀӀ with no<br />difference in between both of them.<br />Conclusions: Using LLLT with omega - 3 fatty acid in management of RAS gave the most<br />favorable clinical and immunologic results. The used Visual Basic Program was effective in<br />calculating the difference of ulcers surface areas and the digital data enabled fair statistical analysis.The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)Egyptian Dental Journal0070-948464Issue 4 - October (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)20181001Synergistic Effect of Combined Treatment with Extra Virgin Olive Oil and Doxorubicin on squamous cell carcinoma cell line340734167905810.21608/edj.2018.79058ENHalaEl-KammarLecturer of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Future University in EgyptShaimaa EliwaGhazyLecturer of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams UniversityJournal Article20200325Background: In spite of the fact that the medical care has been extremely improved, the survival<br />rate of patients diagnosed with Squamous cell carcinoma is still decreased . Doxorubicin (DXR)<br />is one of the most effective anti- squamous cell carcinoma drugs. This drug has a dangerous side<br />effects. Natural products can lighten the DXR- induced side effects, without compromising its<br />antitumor efficacy. The consumption of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO ), appeared to be related to<br />fewer malignant tumor occurrences. Aim of the study: The objective of the present study was to<br />evaluate the effect of EVOO when used alone and, more interestingly, when combined with DXR,<br />for 48 hours, on lingual squamous cell carcinoma cell line (SCC25). Materials and methods: SCC25<br />was used in this study, it was divided into four groups. Group I (control), group II (DXR treated),<br />group III (EVOO treated) and group IV (EVOO +DXR treated). Results: there was significant<br />decrease in MMP-1, VEGFR-2 expressions as well as migration and invasion between the test<br />groups and the control group. Conclusion: EVOO is a promising anticancer compound when used<br />alone or in combination with DXR.The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)Egyptian Dental Journal0070-948464Issue 4 - October (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)20181001Impact of antidepressant Duloxetine on the lingual mucosa of male albino rats (An ultrastructural, and imunohistoc hemical study)341734277909810.21608/edj.2018.79098ENRasha MohamedTahaLecturer of Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal UniversityRania HanafiMahmoudAssociated Professor of Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal UniversityJournal Article20200325Objectives: This study was designed to clarify the effect of Duloxetine on the lingual mucosa<br />of male albino rats.<br />Materials and methods: Forty male albino rats divided as: 20 animals served as control.<br />Group II: 20 animals and received duloxetine in a dose of 10mg/kg body weight that dissolved in<br />distilled water and administrated through the metallic curved oropharngeal tube. At the end of the<br />experiments, which lasts for 3 months, half of the animals of different groups (group I.1 and II.1)<br />were sacrificed. The rest of animals (group I.2 and II .2) were allowed for a recovery period of 30<br />days. the tongue of all groups were extracted and prepared to examined through histological examination<br />of their lingual mucosa to detect any structural changes, transmission electron microscopic<br />examination of their lingual mucosa to detect any ultrastructural changes and immunohistochemical<br />localization of E-cadherin<br />Results: The light microscopic examination of the tongue of the rats treated with Duloxetine,<br />anti-depressant drug, showed degenerative changes that involved the surface epithelium and lamina<br />propria. The animals left for a recovery period showed partial improvement in their structure, these<br />results were indicated by ultrastructural results. The immunohistochemical results of Duloxetine<br />group showed weakly positive reactivity of E- cadherin while the recovery group showed moderately<br />positive reactivity to E cadherin.<br />Conclusion: Duloxetine has a degenerative effect upon the experimental level.<br /> The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)Egyptian Dental Journal0070-948464Issue 4 - October (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)20181001Effect of Bone Marrow- Derived Stem Cells on Apopto sis of Dental Pulp Cells of Strepto zotocin -Induced Diabetic Rats342934377910010.21608/edj.2018.79100ENMervat M.YoussefAssistant professor of Oral Biology, Faculty Of Dentistry, Suez Canal UniversityWafaaEl-HossaryLecturer of Oral Pathology, Faculty Of Dentistry, Suez Canal UniversityHeba A.ElsaiedLecturer of Oral Biology, Faculty Of Dentistry, Suez Canal University.Journal Article20200325Aim: the aim of the present investigation was to study the effect of mesenchymal bone marrow<br />stem cells (BMSCs) on the histological structure of the dental pulp of rats with Streptozotocininduced<br />diabetes mellitus using hematoxylin & eosin and Masson’s trichrome stains. Furthermore,<br />the apoptotic activity of dental pulp cells was detected through Caspase-9 localization.<br />Material and Methods: Thirty, three- month old, adult male albino rats, 180-200 gram weight<br />were used in this investigation. They were divided into three groups. Group I: 10 animals served<br />as controls. Group II: 10 animals subjected to a single intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin<br />in a dose of 60 mg/kg body weight for induction of diabetes mellitus that was verified by detecting<br />hyperglycaemia (200mg/dl or more) in a blood sample. Group III: 10 animals treated the same<br />as those of group II and one week later these animals were intravenously injected with BMSCs.<br />At the end of the experiment which lasted for two months, the animals of the different groups<br />were euthanized. Their jaws were dissected, decalcified and processed for hematoxylin and eosin,<br />Masson’s trichrome stains and immunohistochemical stain for caspase-9 to study the dental pulp<br />of the experimental rats.<br />Results: The present work revealed that the treatment of diabetic rats with single intravenous<br />injection of bone marrow stem cells resulted in amelioration of the degenerative and apoptotic<br />.effect of diabetes on the pulpal tissues<br />Conclusion: Induction of diabetes in albino rats has degenerative effect on pulpal tissues<br />accompanied by increased expression of caspase-9 (apoptotic marker). Intravenous injection<br />of BMSCs resulted in regeneration of pulp tissues and decreased apoptosis as detected by low<br />caspase-9 expression.The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)Egyptian Dental Journal0070-948464Issue 4 - October (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)20181001Remineralization Potential of Lacto se- free and Plant based milk on Enamel surface of Human teeth subjected to Energy Drinks343934527910210.21608/edj.2018.79102ENMonaEl DeebAssociate Professor, Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Future University in EgyptRehab A.Abdel MoneimAssociate Professor, Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University and Future University in EgyptJournal Article20200325Objective: Multiple etiological factors contribute to the process of erosion and destruction<br />of enamel. Among which, carbonated soft beverages and energy drinks are the most aggressive<br />extrinsic causes. The consumption of milk whether bovine or plant based highly contributes to the<br />remineralization process.<br />Design: Thirty five freshly extracted sound human maxillary first premolars were used and<br />randomly divided into the following groups; Group I (Control group): included 5 teeth immersed<br />in distilled water. Group II (Power Horse group): 15 teeth were immersed in 330ml of the drink.<br />Group III (Cornelius group): 15 teeth were immersed in 330ml of the energy drink. After 10 days,<br />the teeth were further randomly divided as follows (5 teeth each); Group IV (Power Horse +Lactose<br />free milk), Group V (Power Horse +Almond milk), Group VI (Cornelius +Lactose free milk) and<br />Group VII (Cornelius +Almond milk). Teeth of groups IV-VII were placed in both types of milk for<br />5 days where the milk was changed every 2 hrs. The remaining teeth from groups II and III (5 teeth<br />each) were kept in distilled water. At the end of the experimental period, the teeth were prepared for<br />SEM examination, EDX and statistical analyses.<br />Results: SEM examination showed that surface erosion was more aggressive in Power Horse<br />group (II) when compared to Cornelius group (III). Furthermore, the results revealed better<br />remineralizing effect in groups IV and VI (lactose free treated) rather than those treated with<br />almond milk (groups V and VII ). EDX results presented statistically significant decrease in Ca<br />and P wt % in group II compared to group III . Statistically significant increase in Ca and P wt % in<br />group IV in relation to group V and similarly, significant increase in group VI compared to group<br />VII were also detected.<br />Conclusion: Energy drinks produce erosive defects of varying intensity on the enamel surface<br />of human teeth. The intake of remineralizing agents; such as milk, immediately following every<br />meal containing acidic diet is mandatory to reverse the demineralization process.<br /> The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)Egyptian Dental Journal0070-948464Issue 4 - October (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)20181001FUNCTIONAL AND COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE CIRCUMVALLATE PAPILLAE IN FOUR SPECIES OF MAMMALS345334659175910.21608/edj.2018.91759ENGihan S.HassanLecturer of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, EgyptReda G.SalehLecturer of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, EgyptAmel M. EzzatAbdelhamiedAss. Professor of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta UniversityJournal Article20200524<strong>Introduction</strong>: The mammalian tongue displays significant morphological differences. These differences seemed to be related to the nature of food. Also, the surrounding environmental conditions play an important role in these differences. The dorsal mucosa of the tongue is covered by numerous papillae. In many mammals, tongue papillae play a vital role in food intake and digestion.
<strong>The aim study</strong>: This study was to investigate the morphological characteristics of the circumvallate papillae (CVPs) of rat, dog, rabbit and goat.
<strong>Materials and Methods</strong>: For this purpose, tongues of these animals were examined macroscopically as well as with light and scanning electron microscope (SEM).
<strong>Results</strong>: Grossly observations reveled, in ratsa single large CVP surrounded by a semicircular moat and an indistinct annular pad. In dogs, five CVPs were arranged in two lines. The large papillae were surrounded by a wide moat and a prominent annular pad. Whereas, the small papilla lacked the annular pad and had irregular ridges.In rabbits, two CVPs enclosed by a deep moat lacking the annular pad. Whereas, goats had eight pairs of CVPs on both rims of the torus linguae and were encircled by a prominent gustatory moat and a thick annular pad. Histological examination of the four species revealed taste buds were located in the medial and lateral walls of the moat except for goats that had taste buds only in the medial wall of the moat. SEM examinationof the papillary surface exposedtransverse grooves in rats, irregular microridges and grooves in dogs and rabbits whereas the goats showed very little and small grooves.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: Hence, this study highlighted a variation in the morphology and microscopic anatomy of CVPsas an adaptation to their different feeding behaviours.
The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)Egyptian Dental Journal0070-948464Issue 4 - October (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)20200524THE TOPICAL APPLICATION EFFECT OF NANO-HYDROXYAPATITE VERSUS PLATELET RICH FIBRIN ON THE EARLY STAGES OF EXTRACTION SOCKET HEALING IN RABBITS: HISTOMORPHOMETRIC, HISTOCHEMICAL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDY346734849176010.21608/edj.2020.91760ENRababHassanLecturer, Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University.KhaledEl-Sayed El-HaddadLecturer, Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University.Journal Article20200524<strong>Introduction:</strong> The proper healing of extraction socket is essential for ridge preservation and better sequential prosthetic procedures. Several techniques and materials are developed for acceleration of socket healing. Two of the promising materials for this purpose are nanohydroxyapatite (NHA) and platelet rich fibrin (PRF); their mechanism of action and optimum application techniques are still not fully elucidated.
<strong>Purpose:</strong> To compare between NHA and PRF topical application in the enhancement of early stages of extraction socket healing in rabbits.
<strong>Materials & Methods:</strong> The mandibular first molars were extracted in twenty-four rabbits; the extraction sockets were divided into 3 groups: control group didn’t receive topical treatment. N and P groups received topical application of NHA and PRF respectively. Each group was subdivided into 2 subgroups according to the date of scarification after extraction: 1 week and 2 weeks. The extraction sockets were investigated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Masson trichrome (MT) stains and proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) marker. The results were illustrated histologically and histomorphometrically.
<strong>Results:</strong> Both NHA and PRF treated groups in both 1 week and 2 weeks periods showed enhanced socket healing, more regular and mature bone in both H&E and MT stains as well as increased PCNA positive cells percentage in comparison to control group. The bone area in both periods and the osteocyte count after 1 week were highest in PRF group followed by NHA group while control group revealed the least values. These differences were statistically non-significant except the percentage of immuno-positive cells.
<strong>Conclusion:</strong> Both NHA and PRF improve the extraction socket healing process with slight preference of PRF particularly in the cellular proliferation in the first week after extraction.The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)Egyptian Dental Journal0070-948464Issue 4 - October (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)20200524CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLES SUPPRESS THE OXIDATIVE STRESS IN SUBMANDIBULAR SALIVARY GLANDS AND PREVENT THE GENOTOXICITY OF MONOSODIUM GLUTAMATE IN ALBINO RATS: HISTOLOGICAL, IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL AND CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS ANALYSIS STUDY348534989176110.21608/edj.2020.91761ENElham F.MahmoudAssociate Professor, Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, EgyptMahmoud F.MahmoudAssociate Professor, Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, EgyptEnasHegazyLecturer of Oral Biology, Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, EgyptJournal Article20200524<strong>Aim of the study</strong>: The goal of the current study was to evaluate the protective impact of chitosan nanoparticles (COS-NPs) against monosodium glutamate (MSG)-induced oxidative stress in submandibular salivary glands and genotoxicity of bone marrow chromosomes.
<strong>Material and methods</strong>: 30 adult male albino rats were randomly divided into three equal groups and treated orally for 24 days as follow: Group I the (control) group, group II (MSG-treated group): each rat received a daily MSG at a dose of (400mg/Kg. b. w.) and group III: (MSG + COS-NPs treated group): rats treated orally with monosodium glutamate (400 mg/kg. b. w.) then the chitosan nanoparticles (280 mg/kg b. w.) respectively was administered to rats daily by oral gavage. After 24 days, both sides of the submandibular salivary glands were excised, processed and finally inspected histologically and immunohistochemically. Bone marrow was obtained from both femora of rats, 500 well spread metaphases per each animal were checked microscopically for both structural and numerical chromosomal aberrations.
<strong>Results</strong>: The submandibular salivary glands (SMSG) of MSG treated rats revealed severe histopathological changes, moderate to strong granular cytoplasmic reaction of caspase-3 immunoreactivity in the acinar and ductal cells. And increase in the frequency of structural and numerical chromosomal aberrations of bone marrow cells. Chitosan nanoparticles (COSNPs) exhibited significant amelioration in histological and immunohistochemical picture in the submandibular salivary glands of MSG treated rats. Also chitosan nanoparticles could significantly inhibit the chromosomal aberrations and succeeded to neutralize the MSG genotoxic effects in bone marrow cells of rats.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: It could be concluded that COS-NPs have potential antioxidant effect that protect against cytotoxicity and genotoxicity induced by MSG in rats.The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)Egyptian Dental Journal0070-948464Issue 4 - October (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)20181001ASSESSMENT OF HUMAN DENTAL PULP STEM CELLS WITH CHITOSAN SCAFFOLD VERSUS XENOGRAFTS IN IMPLANT OSSEOINTEGRATION. AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN A RABBIT MODEL349935099176210.21608/edj.2018.91762ENAbeerKamalOral Surgery and Maxillofacial DepartmentEmanKhalilOral Medicine and Periodontology DepartmentJournal Article20200524<strong>Background</strong>: Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) considered as a promising source of mesenchymal stem cells for bone regeneration. It can be used to improve osseointegration of dental implant and improve its stability.
<strong>Objectives</strong>: Assessment of bone healing and implant osseointegration by the use of human dental pulp stem cells with chitosan scaffold and compared the result with xenografts in a rabbit model.
<strong>Materials &Methods</strong>: Eighteen adult white rabbits were used in this study. They were distributed equally into three groups, group I, human dental pulp stem cells and chitosan was used before implant insertion in the tibia. Group II, xenografts were used and group III was the control group. After 12 weeks the animals were sacrificed and assessment of bone formation was accomplished by the used of the histological section using H&E, Masson stain as well as scanning electron microscope (SEM).
<strong>Results</strong>: The highest mean area percent was detected in the stem cell group, followed by the xenograft group, while the control group revealed the lowest mean area percent value. Analysis of variance test revealed a highly significant difference between the studied groups (P=0.00). Comparison between the gap distances (µm) in the three groups measured by electron microscope indicated that the lowest mean gap distance was presented in the stem cells group.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: human dental pulp stem cells coupled with chitosan is a promising method for bone formation and maturation around dental implant and help in osseointegration.The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)Egyptian Dental Journal0070-948464Issue 4 - October (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)20181001HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF REPARATIVE CAPACITY OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES ON AGE RELATED CHANGES OF ALVEOLAR BONE, CEMENTUM AND PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT IN RATS351135219176310.21608/edj.2018.91763ENTahanyHaggagAssociate Professor, Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, EgyptElham F.MahmoudAssociate Professor, Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Suez Canal University, EgyptJournal Article20200524<strong>Background</strong>: Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing scope in recent research, it has a widely acceptable range of potential implications in humans, particularly for dentistry. Among various metallic nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are considered the most animated and charming nanoparticles that are involved in multiple biomedical applications.
<strong>Aim</strong>: The goal of the current study was to determine the possible biological reparative influences of silver nanoparticles on age changes of the alveolar bone, cementum and periodontal ligaments of rats
<strong>Material and methods</strong>: Forty five male albino rats (fifteen adults aging six months and thirty old aging eighteen months) were divided equally into three groups. Group I (adult age) that get infused with saline intravenously to serve as control group, group II (old age) which also get infused with saline intravenously and group III (old age received an oral dose of silver nanoparticles 100 mg/kg) once daily for 4 weeks.
<strong>Results</strong>: Old age group revealed sever histological alterations as thinning of bone trabeculae and widening of bone marrow cavities. Marked hypercementosis with multiple signs of degeneration in cementum, periodontal ligaments (PDL) and alveolar bone were evident, while old group received silver nanoparticles revealed a considerable improvement of histological features of the tissues under investigation which became nearly similar to that of control group. DEXA examination revealed statistical significant difference in the alveolar bone mineral density between different groups.
<strong>Conclusion</strong>: Oral administration of silver nanoparticles considerably ameliorated most of histological features of alveolar bone, cementum and periodontal ligaments of old rats. Bone mineral density of old rats was improved by silver nanoparticles. The Egyptian Dental Association (EDA)Egyptian Dental Journal0070-948464Issue 4 - October (Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)20181001TOPICAL CHEMOPREVENTIVE EFFECT OF THYMOQUINONE VERSUS THYMOQUINONE LOADED ON GOLD NANOPARTICLES ON DMBA-INDUCED HAMSTER BUCCAL POUCH CARCINOGENESIS (IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDY)352335339176410.21608/edj.2018.91764ENWafaa H.El-HossaryOral Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal UniversityEnasHegazyOral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal UniversityMerhan N.El-MansyOral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal UniversityJournal Article20200524<strong>Background</strong>: oral cancer is the third most common cancer in developing countries. Thymoquinone has a powerful anticancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties.
<strong>Aim</strong>: To compare the topical chemopreventive effect of thymoquinone (TQ) versus thymoquinone loaded on gold nanoparticles (GNPs-TQ) on DMBA-induced oral carcinogenesis through histological and immunohistochemical expression of p53.
<strong>Material & methods</strong>: Characterization of the prepared drugs was done through transmission electron microscope, and Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscope.
<strong>Experimental design</strong>: The study was carried out on forty male Syrian golden hamsters, weighing 90-100 grams. Negative control group A (n=10) didn’t receive any type of treatment till the end of experiment. Positive control group B (n=10) was painted with DMBA, 3times/week for 14 weeks. Group C (n=10) was daily painted by topical application of TQ for two weeks, and then painted with both TQ and DMBA on alternative days for 14 weeks. Group D (n=10) had been managed as group C but TQ was replaced by GNPsTQ. These groups was examined histologically and immunohistochemically through expression of p53.
<strong>Results</strong>: Proper loading of TQ on GNPs was confirmed. Histopathological evaluation showed superior effect of GNPs-TQ in retardation of carcinogenesis compared to free TQ. Immunohistochemical evaluation revealed significant decrease in P53 expression in the group treated with GNPs-TQ than TQ in comparison with positive control group.
<strong>Conclusions</strong>: GNPs-TQ is a promising chemo-preventive agent of oral cancer through topical application.