Document Type : Original Article
Author
BDS, MSD, CAGS, DScD, FRCD (C), Diplomate of the American Board of Pediatric Dentistry, Associate Professor and Consultant of Pediatric Dentistry, Preventive Dental Sciences Department, Dental College and Hospital, Taibah University, Medina, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the relationship between luxation injuries in primary anterior teeth and hypoplastic defects in permanent successors in pediatric patients attending a dental clinic in Saudi Arabia over a period of 4 years (January 2020 – December 2023). The study included 222 children (97 males, 125 females) aged 0–6 years with 623 injured primary anterior teeth, selected based on strict inclusion criteria, such as no systemic diseases or medications affecting dental health and regular follow-up visits. Data were collected from patient records and radiographic evaluations, focusing on injury types (subluxation, intrusion, extrusion, lateral luxation, avulsion) and developmental disturbances like enamel hypoplasia, crown dilaceration, and root malformation. Hypoplasia was the most common defect, observed in 52.64% of cases, followed by aplasia (32.78%), crown dilaceration (28.25%), and root malformation (19.11%). Linear enamel defects (34.15%) and enamel discoloration (27.13%) were prevalent among hypoplastic cases. The study found a significant age-related pattern, with children under 2 years showing higher rates of structural defects like crown dilaceration, while hypoplasia was more frequent in older age groups (2–6 years). However, no statistically significant association was found between specific luxation injury types and hypoplastic defects (p=0.289). Early intervention of primary tooth trauma is critical because of the long-term developmental consequences in permanent teeth as these findings illustrate the importance of maintaining vigilant monitoring, early intervention, and targeted preventive strategies in younger children.
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