Current State of Stem Cells in Restoring Oral Health: Classification, Routes of Delivery and Homing

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt

2 Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of dentistry, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt

Abstract

Regenerative medicine, the newest and most developing field focuses on the functional regeneration of cells or organs for patients with persistent illnesses or serious injuries. Transplantation of stem cells has become a promising approach in regenerative medicine as a Cell-based treatment for diseases compared to traditional medications because of their pleiotropic therapeutic capacity, which includes the prevention of inflammation or apoptosis, cell recruitment, promotion of angiogenesis, and differentiation. A stem cell line is a collection of cells that can multiply in vitro or outside the body for a long time. There are different stem cell types according to their differentiation potential, oligopotent, totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent, and unipotent. The tissues from which these cells are derived include stem cells originating from embryos or adult individuals. How stem cells are administered should be carefully considered since they can either compromise safety and cause major adverse events or alter the localization and engraftment of the cells, reducing therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we have discussed and summarized several types of stem cells, their various administration techniques, the homing mechanism of stem cells, and some studies that utilized stem cells in regenerative dentistry

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Egyptian Dental Journal
Volume 71, Issue 4 - Serial Number 3
(Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)
October 2025
Pages 3019-3038

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