Enhanced Cytotoxicity of Cisplatin-Loaded Mesoporous Nanoparticles Against Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNO-97)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Lecturer in Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Egypt

2 Assistant professor in Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University

Abstract

Cisplatin (CP) is a highly effective chemotherapeutic for tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Nanocarriers, a type of nanotechnology-based drug delivery system, have been widely employed to enhance therapeutic outcomes and limiting side effects in cancer treatment like Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs). The objective of this study is to assess CP-loaded MSNs regarding their physicochemical properties as well as their cytotoxicity in HNO-97 tongue cancer cells to evaluate their potential as a drug delivery system. Methods: A novel preparation of CP-loaded MSNs were assessed for zeta potential,particle size and polydispersity index (PDI) using dynamic light scattering (DLS) andtransmission electron microscopy (TEM). Cytotoxicity was measured using the sulforhodamine B test. The efficacy of free and CP-loaded MSNs was assessed by calculating IC 5 0 values. The analysis was performed by means of ANOVA. Results: Dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis indicated the successful production of nanoparticles with an average size of 404.3 ± 23.1 nm, a zetapotential of -34.6 ± 0.551 mV and a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.445 ± 0.012. In cytotoxicity experiments, the effect of CP was evident with a dosedependent decline in cell viability with the highest concentration of 100ug/ml inwhich CP-loaded MSNs were more cytotoxic (0.185±0.23) than free CP(4.50±1.26). The IC₅₀ of MSNs loaded with CP was 1.41 µg/mL versus 2.18 µg/mL obtained with free CP, suggesting higher pharmacological efficacy. Conclusions: These findings suggest that MSNs can improve the therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin through enhanced cytotoxicity, making them a potential option for CP administration, pending further in vivo validation.

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Egyptian Dental Journal
Volume 71, Issue 4 - Serial Number 3
(Oral Medicine, X-Ray, Oral Biology & Oral Pathology)
October 2025
Pages 3039-3049

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