Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
MSc Student, Department of Oral Medicine & Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University
2
Professor, Department of Oral Medicine & Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University
3
Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Medicine & Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University
Abstract
Surgical adhesives, or tissue sealants, are indeed valuable materials in modern surgical practice. Their function is to quickly bring tissues together and create temporary blockages that prevent the outward flow of fluids and gases and, therefore, aid in facilitating the healing of wounds. The versatile materials can either be a supplement to traditional closure methods such as sutures or they can stand alone. These materials fall under broad categories into three types: naturally-derived, synthetic, or combined polymer-based bioglues. Although natural adhesives are biocompatible, they are not without problems, usually involving insufficient bonding strength or viral risks. On the other hand, synthetic alternatives are tracelessly strong in mechanical properties and suffer from adverse tendencies such as swelling or limitations in a specific kind of application.
The quest for an ideal surgical sealant continues as no material presently fulfills all the parameters-applicable tissue-like structural properties, biodegradability, flexibility, and high adhesion and hemostatic capabilities. Cyanoacrylates are much utilized in the oral and maxillofacial areas, where there is constant moisture and movement because of their speedy action and excellent adhesion, as well as their bacteriostatic properties towards many dental procedures. However, their lack of biological integration and the need for further long-term research should be given due consideration. Although they have excellent hemostatic effects, fibrin glues possess inferior mechanical properties in such a dynamic environment. The future of innovation in this area is mostly geared towards creating new combinations of materials to answer these complex clinical demands.
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