Aim:To investigate immunohistochemically the effect of chemopreventive capsaicin in epithelial alteration (Epithelial dysplasia) & carcinogenesis which induced in hamsters. Methods: Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and Streptavidin-biotin immunoperoxidase staining techniques was used to detect the expression of Bcl-2 in three groups (G1, G2 and G3). Evaluation of immunostaining was done using computer image analyzer system & statistical analysis. Results: showed that there was a statistically highly significant difference (P<0.01) in means values of all groups (G2>G1, G3) (G3>G1). Conclusion:Capsaicin play an important role in reduction and prevention of transformation of epithelial dysplasia into malignant tumor especially oral squamous cell carcinoma. The liquid form of capsaicin may be considered as a new line of treatment in oral dysplasia or even in oral squamous cell carcinoma and the Bcl-2 expression evidenced this reduction of abnormality in epithelial dysplasia.
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