Background and Objective: This study aimed to investigate the systemic effect of dietary supplement omega 3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs ) and propolis as an adjunct to non surgical periodontal therapy and evaluate the gingival crevicular fluid level of receptor activator of nuclear factor κ ligand (RANKL). Material and Methods: Forty-five subjects with stage II or III and grade B periodontitis were included in this study. They were randomly assigned into three groups: Group I: 15 subjects received scaling and root planing (SRP) only. Group II: 15 subjects received SRP combined with daily dietary supplementation of omega 3 for 6 months. Group III: 15 subjects received SRP combined with a daily dietary supplement of propolis for 6 months. Clinical parameter (plaque index, bleeding index, pocket depth, and clinical attachment level) and biochemical analysis of RANKL in GCF were recorded at baseline, 3 months and 6 months after treatments Results: Statistical analysis revealed that both (ω-3) and propolis statistically significant (P≤0.01) reduce PD and CAL at 3 and 6 months compared to its baseline and control group. RANKL level in GCF statistically significant (P≤0.01) reduced at 3 and 6 months in both treated groups compared to its baseline and control group. No statistical significant (P≥0.05) difference between both treated groups concerning clinical and biochemical parameters. Conclusion: The present study suggests that dietary supplementation with ω-3 PUFAs or propolis effective as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal therapy in the management of patients with periodontitis.
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