Aim: The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of incorporating titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles on the compressive strength of modified calcium silicate-based cement (CSC). Methods: The modified calcium silicate-based cement (CSC) used comprised 80 wt% white Portland-limestone cement and 20 wt% bisthmus oxide, as a radioopacifier. Incorporation of the 300-nm TiO2 particles was done in the following concentrations: 0% (CSC group), 1% (CSC + 1%TiO2 group), 3% (CSC + 3%TiO2 group) and 5% (CSC + 5%TiO2 group). Cylindrical specimens, 4 mm in diameter and 6mm in height, were prepared in split, teflon moulds; ten specimens were done for each group (n=10). Specimens were left to set for 7 days under wet conditions. Compressive strength testing was, then, done using an Instron testing machine. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey post hoc test for pair-wise comparison. Statistical significance (α) was set at 0.05. Results: There was no statistically significant difference among the four groups regarding compressive strength (p=0.162). Conclusion: Within the conditions of this investigation, the incorporation of nano-scale TiO2 particles within a concentration range of 1 to 5 % does not seem to affect the compressive strength of the modified calcium silicate-based cement having white Portland- limestone cement as the main cementitious component.
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