Biocompatibility and osteogenic potential of the new bioceramic endodontic material “EndoSeal MTA”

Aim: This study was conducted to analyze the biocompatibility of EndoSeal MTA® in rat subcutaneous tissue and to detect the osteogenic effect of this material.
Methods: The biocompatibility was assessed using the subcutaneous implantation technique. Thirty male albino rats were the subjects used during current research. Animal subjects were anaesthetized, shaved in two areas of the dorsal surface of both of the lower limbs and subcutaneous pockets were made to accommodate the material, which was placed in a polyethylene tubes. Empty polyethylene tubes were used as control. Fifteen animals were sacrificed at each observation period (1 month and 3 months implantation). A wide excision of the tissues surrounding the implant was taken, managed and histo-stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin stain for histopathological evaluation of the inflammatory and vascular responses. The Von Kossa histochemical stain was used for demonstration of the mineralized structures. The stained sections were examined using light microscopy. Quantitative analysis of the inflammatory cells was performed using an image analyzer computer system.
Results: After one month of tube implantation, mild chronic inflammatory cell infiltration, loosely organized collagen fibers and few slightly dilated blood vessels were observed in the control group. In the experimental group, the inflammatory reaction ranged from mild to moderate. The inflammatory reaction significantly subsided with time in both groups. The difference between the control and experimental group regarding the total number of inflammatory cells was not statistically significant in the both observation periods. No evidence of tissue necrosis was found in the control or experimental groups throughout the experiment.
Conclusions: It could be concluded that EndoSeal MTA® is well tolerated by the subcutaneous connective tissues of rat. The study showed osteogenic potential of EndoSeal MTA®.